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    MT3 metallothionein 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 4504, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    MT3provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    metallothionein 3provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:7408
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000087250 MIM:139255; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7408
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GIF; GIFB; GRIF; ZnMT3
    Summary
    This gene is a member of the metallothionein family of genes. Proteins encoded by this gene family are low in molecular weight, are cysteine-rich, lack aromatic residues, and bind divalent heavy metal ions. This gene family member displays tissue-specific expression, and contains a threonine insert near its N-terminus and a glutamate-rich hexapeptide insert near its C-terminus relative to the proteins encoded by other gene family members. It plays an important role in zinc and copper homeostasis, and is induced under hypoxic conditions. The encoded protein is a growth inhibitory factor, and reduced levels of the protein are observed in the brains of individuals with some metal-linked neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]
    Annotation information
    Note: GIF (Gene ID: 2694) and MT3 (Gene ID: 4504) share the GIF symbol/alias in common. GIF is a widely used alternative name for metallothionein 3 (MT3), which can be confused with the official symbol for GIF (gastric intrinsic factor, GeneID 2694). [01 Jun 2018]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 149.3) and adrenal (RPKM 10.1) See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See MT3 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    16q13
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 16 NC_000016.10 (56589528..56591085)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 16 NC_060940.1 (62384459..62386016)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 16 NC_000016.9 (56623440..56624997)

    Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene metallothionein 4 Neighboring gene U7 small nuclear RNA Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903695 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7510 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10852 Neighboring gene metallothionein 2A

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat upregulates the interferon-responsive gene expression of many proteins, including Metallothionein, in immature dendritic cells, an effect that likely facilitates the expansion of HIV-1 infection PubMed
    Vpr vpr Treatment of human primary astrocytes with HIV-1 Vpr downregulates expression of eleven genes, BNIP3, CYGB, DUOX2, DUSP1, FOXM1, GAPDH, HPRT1, MT3, MTL5, PTGS2, and SCARA3 PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables antioxidant activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cadmium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables copper ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables copper ion binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein kinase activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in activation of protein kinase B activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular detoxification IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to cadmium ion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to copper ion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to hypoxia IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to reactive oxygen species IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to zinc ion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in detoxification of copper ion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in energy reserve metabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in leptin-mediated signaling pathway ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of axon extension IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cell growth IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cell growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron projection development TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of oxygen metabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein stabilization IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of response to food ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in removal of superoxide radicals IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to hypoxia IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in zinc ion transport ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in astrocyte end-foot IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in axon IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in dendritic spine IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in extracellular space IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in inclusion body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in microtubule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in mitochondrial outer membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in ribosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in synaptic vesicle ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    metallothionein-3
    Names
    growth inhibitory factor
    metallothionein 3 (growth inhibitory factor (neurotrophic))
    metallothionein-III

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005954.4NP_005945.1  metallothionein-3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005945.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      BP210917, CB155600
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS10762.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P25713, Q2V574
      Related
      ENSP00000200691.5, ENST00000200691.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00131
      Location:168
      Metallothio; Metallothionein

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000016.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      56589528..56591085
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060940.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      62384459..62386016
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)