Apln apelin [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Aplnprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: apelinprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:620672
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000003984 AllianceGenome:RGD:620672
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Apel
Summary: Enables apelin receptor binding activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including apelin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion; and regulation of blood circulation. Located in extracellular space and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Used to study congestive heart failure. Biomarker of colitis; congestive heart failure; hypertension; and obesity. Orthologous to human APLN (apelin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Lung (RPKM 268.4), Heart (RPKM 80.4) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: Xq36

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	X	NC_086039.1 (132058739..132091518, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	X	NC_051356.1 (127180801..127213567, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	X	NC_005120.4 (134856719..134866210, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_086039.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Apelin regulates mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting Mst1-JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway to reduce neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord injury.
Title: Apelin regulates mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting Mst1-JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway to reduce neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord injury.
Effects of Apelin on the fibrosis of retinal tissues and Muller cells in diabetes retinopathy through the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway.
Title: Effects of Apelin on the fibrosis of retinal tissues and Müller cells in diabetes retinopathy through the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway.
Apelin is expressed in intimal smooth muscle cells and promotes their phenotypic transition.
Title: Apelin is expressed in intimal smooth muscle cells and promotes their phenotypic transition.
Apelin signalling in the periaqueductal grey matter alleviates capsaicin-evoked pulpal nocifensive behaviour and capsaicin-induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rat.
Title: Apelin signalling in the periaqueductal grey matter alleviates capsaicin-evoked pulpal nocifensive behaviour and capsaicin-induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rat.
The apelin-apela receptor APJ is necessary for formation and healing of ischemia reperfusion-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
Title: The apelin-apela receptor APJ is necessary for formation and healing of ischemia reperfusion-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
Feedback Interaction Between Apelin and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Rat Myocardium.
Title: Feedback Interaction Between Apelin and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Rat Myocardium.
Possible roles of exercise and apelin against pregnancy complications.
Title: Possible roles of exercise and apelin against pregnancy complications.
Elevated reactivity of Apelin inhibited renal fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.
Title: Elevated reactivity of Apelin inhibited renal fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.
Microglia polarization of hippocampus is involved in the mechanism of Apelin-13 ameliorating chronic water immersion restraint stress-induced depression-like behavior in rats.
Title: Microglia polarization of hippocampus is involved in the mechanism of Apelin-13 ameliorating chronic water immersion restraint stress-induced depression-like behavior in rats.
The effect of experimental varicocele on the apelin and APJ expressions in rat testis tissue.
Title: The effect of experimental varicocele on the apelin and APJ expressions in rat testis tissue.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (84)

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables apelin receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables apelin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hormone activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hormone activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in apelin receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in apelin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in apelin receptor signaling pathway	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in coronary vasculature development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in coronary vasculature development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in drinking behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in feeding behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in gastrulation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of blood pressure	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of blood pressure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of vasoconstriction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of corticotropin secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of heart contraction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of heart rate	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of heat generation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of body fluid levels	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of the force of heart contraction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: apelin

Names: APJ endogenous ligand; apelin, AGTRL1 ligand

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_031612.3 → NP_113800.1 apelin preproprotein

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_113800.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BC080843, JAXUCZ010000021

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9R0R3

Related

ENSRNOP00000100018.1, ENSRNOT00000005331.7

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15360
Location:23 → 77

Apelin; APJ endogenous ligand

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086039.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

132058739..132091518 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_039100000.2 → XP_038955928.1 apelin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9R0R3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam15360
Location:23 → 77

Apelin; APJ endogenous ligand