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    Prl prolactin [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 24683, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Prlprovided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    prolactinprovided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:3403
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000017374 AllianceGenome:RGD:3403
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Also known as
    Gha1; PRLB; Prol; PRLSD1; Prl1a1; RNPROL; RATPRLSD1
    Summary
    Predicted to enable hormone activity and prolactin receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to ethanol; response to estradiol; and response to trichostatin A. Located in extracellular space and secretory granule. Used to study portal hypertension and prolactinoma. Biomarker of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder; hyperprolactinemia; prolactinoma; and renovascular hypertension. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in carotid artery disease and impulse control disorder. Orthologous to human PRL (prolactin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
    Expression
    Restricted expression toward (RPKM 6.5) See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See Prl in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    17p12
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 17 NC_086035.1 (38287355..38298234, complement)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 17 NC_051352.1 (37859999..37870062, complement)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 17 NC_005116.4 (39814236..39824299, complement)

    Chromosome 17 - NC_086035.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit Neighboring gene prolactin family 3, subfamily D member 1 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L19, pseudogene 10 Neighboring gene thymine-DNA glycosylase, pseudogene 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hormone activity  
    enables hormone activity  
    enables hormone activity PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding  
    enables prolactin receptor binding  
    enables prolactin receptor binding PubMed 
    Items 1 - 25 of 48
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of cell population proliferation  
    involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in cellular response to ethanol PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to hormone stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to hypoxia  
    involved_in circadian rhythm PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of epithelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in female pregnancy  
    involved_in lactation  
    involved_in lactation PubMed 
    involved_in mammary gland development  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland development  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within maternal behavior  
    involved_in multicellular organismal response to stress PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in negative regulation of estrogen biosynthetic process  
    involved_in negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process  
    involved_in negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process  
    involved_in negative regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process  
    involved_in ovulation cycle PubMed 
    involved_in parturition PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of lactation  
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription  
    involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production  
    involved_in prolactin signaling pathway  
    involved_in regulation of ossification PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    involved_in response to alcohol PubMed 
    involved_in response to cocaine PubMed 
    involved_in response to estradiol PubMed 
    involved_in response to ethanol PubMed 
    involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide PubMed 
    involved_in response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor PubMed 
    involved_in response to nutrient PubMed 
    involved_in response to nutrient levels  
    involved_in response to organic cyclic compound PubMed 
    involved_in response to trichostatin A PubMed 
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction  
    Items 1 - 25 of 48
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region  
    located_in extracellular region  
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space  
    located_in secretory granule PubMed 
    located_in secretory granule  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    prolactin
    Names
    growth hormone a1
    prolactin family 1, subfamily a, member 1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001433431.1NP_001420360.1  prolactin isoform 2 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000017
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8L2UJY0, B2RYT1
    2. NM_012629.2NP_036761.1  prolactin isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036761.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000017
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P01237, P70520
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0M6L0J3, A0A8L2UJY0, A6KLC9, B5DEM6
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000023412.4, ENSRNOT00000023412.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd10288
      Location:30226
      prolactin_like; Prolactin (PRL or PRL1), chorionic somatomammotropin, and related pituitary gland hormones

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086035.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      38287355..38298234 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006253912.3XP_006253974.1  prolactin isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd10288
      Location:29225
      prolactin_like; Prolactin (PRL or PRL1), chorionic somatomammotropin, and related pituitary gland hormones
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