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PHOT1 phototropin 1 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

Gene ID: 823721, updated on 18-Sep-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PHOT1
Official Full Name
phototropin 1
Primary source
TAIR:AT3G45780
Locus tag
AT3G45780
See related
Araport:AT3G45780
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as
F16L2.3; JK224; NONPHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 1; NPH1; PHOTOTROPIN; phototropin 1; ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 1; RPT1
Summary
Blue-light photoreceptor. Contains a light activated serine-threonine kinase domain and LOV1 and LOV2 repeats. Mutants are defective in blue-light response. Mediates blue light-induced growth enhancements. PHOT1 and PHOT2 mediate blue light-dependent activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cell protoplasts. PHOT1 undergoes blue-light-dependent autophosphorylation. At least eight phosphorylation sites have been identified in PHOT1. Phosphorylation of serine851 in the activation loop of PHOT1 appears to be required for stomatal opening, chloroplast accumulation, leaf flattening, and phototropism, and phosphorylation of serine849 may also contribute to the regulation of these responses. Phosphorylation-dependent binding of 14-3-3 proteins to the Hinge1 region of PHOT1 appears to require serine350 and serine376.
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Genomic context

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See PHOT1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: 3
Exon count:
21
Sequence:
Chromosome: 3; NC_003074.8 (16816721..16824210)

Chromosome 3 - NC_003074.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Polyketide synthase, enoylreductase family protein Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene Protein kinase superfamily protein Neighboring gene ncRNA

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_003074.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Arabidopsis NPH1: a protein kinase with a putative redox-sensing domain. Huala E, et al. Science, 1997 Dec 19. PMID 9405347
  2. LOV2-linker-kinase phosphorylates LOV1-containing N-terminal polypeptide substrate via photoreaction of LOV2 in Arabidopsis phototropin1. Okajima K, et al. FEBS Lett, 2011 Nov 4. PMID 22001205
  3. Functional ecology of a blue light photoreceptor: effects of phototropin-1 on root growth enhance drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Galen C, et al. New Phytol, 2007. PMID 17176396
  4. Dynamics of conformational changes of Arabidopsis phototropin 1 LOV2 with the linker domain. Nakasone Y, et al. J Mol Biol, 2007 Mar 23. PMID 17275025
  5. Evidence of physiological phototropin1 (phot1) action in response to UV-C illumination. Magerøy MH, et al. Plant Signal Behav, 2010 Oct. PMID 20861684, Free PMC Article

See all (78) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 functions to enhance phototropism in Arabidopsis.
    Title: PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 functions to enhance phototropism in Arabidopsis.
  2. Phototropin 1 and 2 Influence Photosynthesis, UV-C Induced Photooxidative Stress Responses, and Cell Death.
    Title: Phototropin 1 and 2 Influence Photosynthesis, UV-C Induced Photooxidative Stress Responses, and Cell Death.
  3. Arabidopsis Phototropins Participate in the Regulation of Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence.
    Title: Arabidopsis Phototropins Participate in the Regulation of Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence.
  4. The continuing arc toward phototropic enlightenment.
    Title: The continuing arc toward phototropic enlightenment.
  5. Phototropin 1 Undergoes Blue Light-Induced Activation in Membrane Microdomains
    Title: Arabidopsis Blue Light Receptor Phototropin 1 Undergoes Blue Light-Induced Activation in Membrane Microdomains.
  6. Data show that phototropin 1 (phot1), which senses low light to promote positive phototropism (growth towards the light), also limits the response in high light.
    Title: A phosphorylation switch turns a positive regulator of phototropism into an inhibitor of the process.
  7. Phototropic-responsive NPH3 family proteins NPH3 and RPT2 have roles in phototropin 1 (phot1) signaling besides phototropism.
    Title: Shining Light on the Function of NPH3/RPT2-Like Proteins in Phototropin Signaling.
  8. the kinase domain of Arabidopsis phot1 and phot2 can be successfully engineered to accommodate non-natural ATP analogues by substituting the bulky gatekeeper residue threonine for glycine.
    Title: A chemical genetic approach to engineer phototropin kinases for substrate labeling.
  9. The spatial targeting approach therefore excludes the hypocotyl apex as the site for light perception for phototropism and shows that phot1-mediated NPH3 de-phosphorylation is tissue autonomous and occurs more prominently in the basal hypocotyl.
    Title: Functional characterization of Arabidopsis phototropin 1 in the hypocotyl apex.
  10. Data suggest that Arabidopsis can adapt to elevated phosphorylation status of phototropin-1 R472H mutant in part by reducing its stability, whereas activity of the mutant under high-light conditions can be attributed to additional increases in LOV2-mediated photoreceptor autophosphorylation.
    Title: Functional characterization of a constitutively active kinase variant of Arabidopsis phototropin 1.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (54)

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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NM_001035737.2
NM_114447.4

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables FMN binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables FMN binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables blue light photoreceptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
enables mRNA binding HDA PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within blue light signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in blue light signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chloroplast accumulation movement IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chloroplast avoidance movement IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within circadian rhythm IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within phototropism IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of proton transport IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to blue light IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to blue light IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus ISM
Inferred from Sequence Model
more info
  
located_in plant-type vacuole HDA PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
phototropin 1
NP_001030814.1
  • phototropin 1 (PHOT1); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, FMN binding, kinase activity, blue light photoreceptor activity; INVOLVED IN: in 8 processes; LOCATED IN: internal side of plasma membrane, vacuole, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: PAC motif (InterPro:IPR001610), Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), PAS fold (InterPro:IPR013767), PAS (InterPro:IPR000014), PAS-associated, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000700), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phototropin 2 (TAIR:AT5G58140.1); Has 35333 Blast hits to 34131 proteins in 2444 species: Archae - 798; Bacteria - 22429; Metazoa - 974; Fungi - 991; Plants - 531; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 9610 (source: NCBI BLink).
NP_190164.1
  • phototropin 1 (PHOT1); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, FMN binding, kinase activity, blue light photoreceptor activity; INVOLVED IN: in 8 processes; LOCATED IN: internal side of plasma membrane, vacuole, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: PAC motif (InterPro:IPR001610), Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), PAS fold (InterPro:IPR013767), PAS (InterPro:IPR000014), PAS-associated, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000700), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phototropin 2 (TAIR:AT5G58140.1); Has 112705 Blast hits to 107868 proteins in 3419 species: Archae - 296; Bacteria - 19357; Metazoa - 40871; Fungi - 12339; Plants - 20501; Viruses - 442; Other Eukaryotes - 18899 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_003074.8 Reference assembly

    Range
    16816721..16824210
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_114447.4 → NP_190164.1  phototropin 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_190164.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O48963
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A178VFT4, A0A5S9XIZ0
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    PRK13557
    Location:478 → 580
    PRK13557; histidine kinase; Provisional
    PRK13559
    Location:192 → 313
    PRK13559; hypothetical protein; Provisional
    cd05574
    Location:661 → 971
    STKc_phototropin_like; Catalytic domain of Phototropin-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

  2. NM_001035737.2 → NP_001030814.1  phototropin 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001030814.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O48963
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A178VFT4, A0A5S9XIZ0
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    PRK13557
    Location:478 → 580
    PRK13557; histidine kinase; Provisional
    PRK13559
    Location:192 → 313
    PRK13559; hypothetical protein; Provisional
    cd05574
    Location:661 → 971
    STKc_phototropin_like; Catalytic domain of Phototropin-like Serine/Threonine Kinases
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O48963.1

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