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PAL1 PHE ammonia lyase 1 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

Gene ID: 818280, updated on 18-Sep-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PAL1
Official Full Name
PHE ammonia lyase 1
Primary source
TAIR:AT2G37040
Locus tag
AT2G37040
See related
Araport:AT2G37040
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as
ATPAL1; CI0004; PHE ammonia lyase 1; T1J8.22; T1J8_22
Summary
Encodes PAL1, a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Arabidopsis has four PALs: AT2G37040 (PAL1), AT3G53260 (PAL2), AT5G04230 (PAL3) and AT3G10340 (PAL4).
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Genomic context

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See PAL1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: 2
Exon count:
2
Sequence:
Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (15557367..15560755, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_003071.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis PAL gene family in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stress. Huang J, et al. Plant Physiol, 2010 Aug. PMID 20566705, Free PMC Article
  2. The F-Box Protein SAGL1 and ECERIFERUM3 Regulate Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Response to Changes in Humidity in Arabidopsis. Kim H, et al. Plant Cell, 2019 Sep. PMID 31320482, Free PMC Article
  3. Bacterial non-host resistance: interactions of Arabidopsis with non-adapted Pseudomonas syringae strains. Mishina TE, et al. Physiol Plant, 2007 Nov. PMID 18251883
  4. Differential expression of four Arabidopsis PAL genes; PAL1 and PAL2 have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis. Olsen KM, et al. J Plant Physiol, 2008 Sep 29. PMID 18242769
  5. Extracellular ATP induces the accumulation of superoxide via NADPH oxidases in Arabidopsis. Song CJ, et al. Plant Physiol, 2006 Apr. PMID 16428598, Free PMC Article

See all (16) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Kelch repeat F-box protein SMALL AND GLOSSY LEAVES1 (SAGL1) mediates proteasome-dependent degradation of ECERIFERUM3 (CER3), a biosynthetic enzyme involved in the production of very long chain alkanes (the major components of wax), thereby negatively regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis.
    Title: The F-Box Protein SAGL1 and ECERIFERUM3 Regulate Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Response to Changes in Humidity in Arabidopsis.
  2. The results suggest that SAGL1 regulates phenylpropanoid biosynthesis post-translationally at Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and transcriptionally at ANTHOCYANIDIN SYNTHASE (ANS).
    Title: Post-translational and transcriptional regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway by Kelch repeat F-box protein SAGL1.
  3. PAL1 and PAL2 also have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis.
    Title: Differential expression of four Arabidopsis PAL genes; PAL1 and PAL2 have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis.
  4. Data show rapid upregulation of PAL1, suggesting that an early induced, cell wall-based defence mechanism occurs in response to non-adapted bacteria and knockout of PAL1 permits increased leaf survival of non-host bacteria.
    Title: Bacterial non-host resistance: interactions of Arabidopsis with non-adapted Pseudomonas syringae strains.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

NM_129260.3

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cinnamic acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within drought recovery IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within lignin catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within phenylpropanoid biosynthetic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within pollen development IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to UV-B IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to oxidative stress IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to wounding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within salicylic acid catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm ISM
Inferred from Sequence Model
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
PHE ammonia lyase 1
NP_181241.1
  • PHE ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1); FUNCTIONS IN: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 10 processes; LOCATED IN: cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Phenylalanine/histidine ammonia-lyase (InterPro:IPR001106), Phenylalanine/histidine ammonia-lyases, active site (InterPro:IPR022313), L-Aspartase-like (InterPro:IPR008948), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (InterPro:IPR005922); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2 (TAIR:AT3G53260.1); Has 4888 Blast hits to 4867 proteins in 1414 species: Archae - 40; Bacteria - 2973; Metazoa - 79; Fungi - 127; Plants - 1176; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 493 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

    Range
    15557367..15560755 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_129260.3 → NP_181241.1  PHE ammonia lyase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_181241.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P35510, Q94AN1, Q9ZQD6
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A178VNB5, A0A178VQX6, A0A5S9X4Q3, A0A5S9XKH8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02457
    Location:29 → 725
    PLN02457; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P35510.3

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