e ebony [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: eprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: ebonyprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000527
Locus tag: Dmel_CG3331
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000527
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG3331; Dmel\CG3331; Ebony
Summary: Enables beta-alanyl amine synthase activity. Involved in several processes, including amino acid adenylylation by nonribosomal peptide synthase; cuticle pigmentation; and negative regulation of melanin biosynthetic process. Located in cytoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior-posterior subdivision of organism; epidermis; ganglia; glial cell; and synaptic neuropil domain. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 93C7-93D1; 3-71 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (21229839..21237177, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (17055561..17062899, complement)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The Id protein Extramacrochaetae restrains the E protein Daughterless to regulate Notch, Rap1, and Sevenless within the R7 equivalence group of the Drosophila eye.
Title: The Id protein Extramacrochaetae restrains the E protein Daughterless to regulate Notch, Rap1, and Sevenless within the R7 equivalence group of the Drosophila eye.
Drosophila mutants lacking the glial neurotransmitter-modifying enzyme Ebony exhibit low neurotransmitter levels and altered behavior.
Title: Drosophila mutants lacking the glial neurotransmitter-modifying enzyme Ebony exhibit low neurotransmitter levels and altered behavior.
The role of the epidermis enhancer element in positive and negative transcriptional regulation of ebony in Drosophila melanogaster.
Title: The role of the epidermis enhancer element in positive and negative transcriptional regulation of ebony in Drosophila melanogaster.
These results demonstrate that the C terminus of Ebony encodes a eukaryotic example of an alternative type of NRPS condensation domain; they also illustrate how the catalytic components of such assembly lines are significantly more diverse than a minimal set of conserved functional domains.
Title: Drosophila melanogaster nonribosomal peptide synthetase Ebony encodes an atypical condensation domain.
Ebony is a novel type of nonribosomal peptide synthetase related molecule that combines a slow amino acid activation phase with a very fast product formation step.
Title: Drosophila Ebony: a novel type of nonribosomal peptide synthetase related enzyme with unusually fast peptide bond formation kinetics.
optimal binding ratio between Dysb and Ebony might contribute to such non-linear effects. Thus, Ddysb-dependent regulation of Ebony could be one of the mechanisms that mediate dopamine signal
Title: The β-alanyl-monoamine synthase ebony is regulated by schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin in Drosophila.
Nevertheless, both adaptive changes involved cis-regulatory changes of ebony, which shows that this gene is likely to be a common target of natural selection.
Title: Divergent enhancer haplotype of ebony on inversion In(3R)Payne associated with pigmentation variation in a tropical population of Drosophila melanogaster.
Activity, localization and strict coexpression of Ebony with Black protein is specific to the optic lobes.
Title: Activity and coexpression of Drosophila black with ebony in fly optic lobes reveals putative cooperative tasks in vision that evade electroretinographic detection.
Ddysb regulates glutamatergic transmission through its neuronal function and regulates dopamine metabolism by regulating Ebony expression in glial cells
Title: Schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin regulates glutamatergic and dopaminergic functions via distinctive mechanisms in Drosophila.
More melanized populations from higher latitudes tended to express less ebony than their tropical counterparts, and an independent artificial selection experiment confirmed this association.
Title: The molecular genetics of clinal variation: a case study of ebony and thoracic trident pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster from eastern Australia.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (16)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables beta-alanyl amine synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables beta-alanyl amine synthase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables beta-alanyl amine synthase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in amino acid adenylylation by nonribosomal peptide synthase	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in chitin-based cuticle sclerotization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in circadian rhythm	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cuticle pigmentation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in cuticle pigmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in developmental pigmentation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in histamine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in locomotor rhythm	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of melanin biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in pigment metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of adult chitin-containing cuticle pigmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: ebony

Names: CG3331-PA; N-betagr;-alanyl-dopamine synthetase; NBAD-synthase; e-PA

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

21229839..21237177 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_079707.4 → NP_524431.2 ebony [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524431.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8SXA1, Q9VDC6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A4GK78, A4GK94, A4GKA2, F8WKY2

Related

FBpp0083505

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd05930
Location:35 → 546

A_NRPS; The adenylation domain of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS)

TIGR01733
Location:56 → 481

AA-adenyl-dom; amino acid adenylation domain

pfam00550
Location:580 → 644

PP-binding; Phosphopantetheine attachment site