grim grim [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: grimprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: grimprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0015946
Locus tag: Dmel_CG4345
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0015946
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BcDNA:RE28551; CG4345; Dmel\CG4345; gri; Grim; GRIM; grm
Summary: Enables protein homodimerization activity. Involved in several processes, including determination of adult lifespan; melanization defense response; and programmed cell death involved in cell development. Located in mitochondrion; nucleus; and plasma membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including Malpighian tubule; anlage in statu nascendi; anterior endoderm anlage; central brain anlage in statu nascendi; and ganglia. Used to study Alzheimer's disease 1. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 75C4-75C4; 3-45 cM

Exon count:: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (18302719..18304417, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (18295819..18297517, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Dm myb and grim are both involved in regulating PCD in two distinct settings suggests that these two genes may often work together to mediate PCD.
Title: The dREAM/Myb-MuvB complex and Grim are key regulators of the programmed death of neural precursor cells at the Drosophila posterior wing margin.
Study provide evidence that miR-6/11 functions through regulation of the proapoptotic genes, reaper (rpr), head involution defective (hid), grim and sickle (skl).
Title: Overlapping functions of microRNAs in control of apoptosis during Drosophila embryogenesis.
findings demonstrate that neuroblast apoptosis during embryogenesis requires the coordinated expression of the cell death genes grim and reaper, and possibly sickle
Title: Coordinated expression of cell death genes regulates neuroblast apoptosis.
Programmed cell death of microchaete glial cells represents an exceptional opportunity to study the mitochondrial proapoptotic process induced by Grim.
Title: grim promotes programmed cell death of Drosophila microchaete glial cells.
Rpr is able to self-associate and also binds to Hid and Grim.
Title: Drosophila IAP antagonists form multimeric complexes to promote cell death.
temperature shifts and dietary restriction, which slow the rate of aging in D. melanogaster, extend the window of neuronal susceptibility to GRIM over-expression in a way that scales to lifespan.
Title: Neuronal susceptibility to GRIM in Drosophila melanogaster measures the rate of genetic changes that scale to lifespan.
When Grim is overexpressed in vivo, both the N-terminal & GH3 domains are equally necessary & cooperate for apoptosis induction. The N-terminal and GH3 Grim domains activate independent apoptotic pathways that synergize to induce programmed cell death.
Title: GH3, a novel proapoptotic domain in Drosophila Grim, promotes a mitochondrial death pathway.
role in countering DrICE inhibition by DIAP1
Title: Molecular mechanisms of DrICE inhibition by DIAP1 and removal of inhibition by Reaper, Hid and Grim.
Both Grim and Hid were demonstrated to interact with Amsacta moorei Entomopoxvirus inhibitor of apoptosis (AMV-IAP) in vivo, and Grim- or Hid-induced cell death was suppressed when AMV-IAP was coexpressed.
Title: Amsacta moorei Entomopoxvirus inhibitor of apoptosis suppresses cell death by binding Grim and Hid.
Grim is located downstream of LKB1 and is invloved in LKB1 sependent apoptosis.
Title: JNK pathway mediates apoptotic cell death induced by tumor suppressor LKB1 in Drosophila.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein homodimerization activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in apoptotic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in apoptotic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in apoptotic signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in determination of adult lifespan	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in larval central nervous system remodeling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in melanization defense response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in programmed cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in programmed cell death involved in cell development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed