mid midline [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: midprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: midlineprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0261963
Locus tag: Dmel_CG6634
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0261963
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG6634; Dmel\CG6634; extra; H15; H15r; H15r/nmr2; los; Mid; MID; Mid(H15); nmr2; TBX20
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity; and transcription corepressor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including generation of neurons; heart development; and regulation of gene expression. Predicted to be located in chromatin. Predicted to be active in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including adult heart; anlage in statu nascendi; epidermis; imaginal disc; and segmentally-repeated neuroblast. Used to study cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in atrial heart septal defect; atrial heart septal defect 4; congenital heart disease; tetralogy of Fallot; and ventricular septal defect. Orthologous to human TBX20 (T-box transcription factor 20). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 25E2-25E2; 2-17 cM

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (5461639..5467610)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (5461639..5467610)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data suggest that midline protein (mid) and H15 protein (H15) specify ventral fate through inhibition of decapentaplegic protein (Dpp) signaling and through coordinating the repression of genes in the ventral leg.
Title: The selector genes midline and H15 control ventral leg pattern by both inhibiting Dpp signaling and specifying ventral fate.
Taken together, the authors propose that Mid regulates wing development by repressing wg and hh in Drosophila.
Title: The T-box transcription factor Midline regulates wing development by repressing wingless and hedgehog in Drosophila.
Mid and dFOXO serve as critical effectors of cell fate specification and survival within integrated Notch, InR/dAkt, and JNK signaling pathways during 3(o)L and pupal eye imaginal disc development.
Title: The drosophila T-box transcription factor midline functions within Insulin/Akt and c-Jun-N terminal kinase stress-reactive signaling pathways to regulate interommatial bristle formation and cell survival.
Mid functions in the progenitor to direct development of lateral transverse (LT) muscles LT3 and LT4, and later in the founder cells to influence whichever of these differentiation profiles is selected.
Title: Muscle cell fate choice requires the T-box transcription factor midline in Drosophila.
Mid and Lola are required for somatic gonadal precursor cell cluster fusion, germ cell ensheathment, and gonad compaction in the developing Drosophila gonads.
Title: Transcriptional regulation of Drosophila gonad formation.
Previously, we had shown that midline ensures ancestry-dependent fate specification in a neuronal lineage
Title: The midline protein regulates axon guidance by blocking the reiteration of neuroblast rows within the Drosophila ventral nerve cord.
The Drosophila Mid proten functions within the Notch-Delta signaling pathway to specify sensory organ precursor cell fates and regulates cell survival within the eye imaginal disc.
Title: The Drosophila T-box transcription factor Midline functions within the Notch-Delta signaling pathway to specify sensory organ precursor cell fates and regulates cell survival within the eye imaginal disc.
analysis of a consensus binding site for the Drosophila melanogaster Tbx20 homolog midline
Title: In vitro site selection of a consensus binding site for the Drosophila melanogaster Tbx20 homolog midline.
Midline binds the Groucho co-repressor directly via the engrailed homology-1 domain and requires an intact engrailed-homology-1 domain to repress wingless.
Title: The Tbx20 homolog Midline represses wingless in conjunction with Groucho during the maintenance of segment polarity.
Tin is a direct regulator of midline in fly heart development.
Title: Tinman is a direct activator of midline in the Drosophila dorsal vessel.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription corepressor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axonogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cardioblast cell fate commitment	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell fate specification	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in central nervous system development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in central nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chorion-containing eggshell pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in embryonic heart tube development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fasciculation of motor neuron axon	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ganglion mother cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in gonad development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in heart development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in leg disc pattern formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cardioblast differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell fate specification	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chromatin	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: midline

Names: CG6634-PA; CG6634-PB; H15-related; extra; lost in space; mid-PA; mid-PB; neuromancer 1; neuromancer 2; neuromancer2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

5461639..5467610

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_135083.4 → NP_608927.2 midline, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_608927.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8SYY8, Q9VMR2

Related

FBpp0078726

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00182
Location:185 → 384

TBOX; T-box DNA binding domain of the T-box family of transcriptional regulators. The T-box family is an ancient group that appears to play a critical role in development in all animal species. These genes were uncovered on the basis of similarity to the DNA ...
NM_001273167.2 → NP_001260096.1 midline, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001260096.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8SYY8, Q9VMR2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00182
Location:185 → 384

TBOX; T-box DNA binding domain of the T-box family of transcriptional regulators. The T-box family is an ancient group that appears to play a critical role in development in all animal species. These genes were uncovered on the basis of similarity to the DNA ...