Mad Mothers against dpp [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Madprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Mothers against dppprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0011648
Locus tag: Dmel_CG12399
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0011648
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 2/23; apg; c28; CG12399; dMad; dMAD; Dmel\CG12399; E(zen)2; En(vvl); l(2)k00237; l(2)K00237; mad; MAD; Mat; p-Mad; p-MAD; P-mad; P-Mad; pMad; pMAD; PMad; pSmad; Smad; Smad1
Summary: Enables several functions, including DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; co-SMAD binding activity; and transcription coactivator activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway; imaginal disc morphogenesis; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in cytosol and nucleus. Part of RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complex and heteromeric SMAD protein complex. Is expressed in several structures, including epithelium; germline cell; imaginal disc; larval efferent neurons; and wing vein. Used to study juvenile polyposis syndrome. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in primary pulmonary hypertension. Orthologous to human SMAD1 (SMAD family member 1); SMAD5 (SMAD family member 5); and SMAD9 (SMAD family member 9). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 23D3-23D3; 2-8 cM

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (3146056..3159643, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (3146056..3159643, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mad dephosphorylation at the nuclear pore is essential for asymmetric stem cell division.
Title: Mad dephosphorylation at the nuclear pore is essential for asymmetric stem cell division.
Selective Disruption of Synaptic BMP Signaling by a Smad Mutation Adjacent to the Highly Conserved H2 Helix.
Title: Selective Disruption of Synaptic BMP Signaling by a Smad Mutation Adjacent to the Highly Conserved H2 Helix.
Findings identify Bag-of-marbles (Bam) as a new pumilio (Pum) cofactor in repression of Mothers against dpp (mad) 3' UTR in Schneider's 2 cells (S2 cells).
Title: The target specificity of the RNA binding protein Pumilio is determined by distinct co-factors.
this study shows transcriptional up-regulation of the TGF-beta intracellular signaling transducer Mad of Drosophila larvae in response to parasitic nematode infection
Title: Transcriptional up-regulation of the TGF-β intracellular signaling transducer Mad of Drosophila larvae in response to parasitic nematode infection.
This report provides a genetic analysis of primary nociceptive neuron mechanisms that promote sensitization in response to injury. Drosophila melanogaster larvae whose primary nociceptive neurons were reduced in levels of specific components of the BMP signaling pathway, were injured and then tested for nocifensive responses to a normally subnoxious stimulus.
Title: Drosophila Nociceptive Sensitization Requires BMP Signaling via the Canonical SMAD Pathway.
LTR sequence of the MDG4 retrotransposon contains the MAD protein binding site that affects the east-dependent repression
Title: LTR sequence of the MDG4 retrotransposon contains the MAD protein binding site that affects the east-dependent repression.
we identify key roles for the Zelda and Zerknullt transcription factors in establishing the resulting expression domain, and find widespread binding of insulator proteins to the Mad and Brinker-bound genomic regions. Analysis of embryos lacking the BEAF-32 insulator protein shows reduced transcription of a peak BMP target gene and a reduction in the number of amnioserosa cells, the fate specified by peak BMP signaling.
Title: Regulation of the BMP Signaling-Responsive Transcriptional Network in the Drosophila Embryo.
Mad linker phosphorylations control the intensity and range of the BMP-activity gradient in developing Drosophila tissues.
Title: Mad linker phosphorylations control the intensity and range of the BMP-activity gradient in developing Drosophila tissues.
During development, synaptic pMad accumulation followed the arrival and clustering of ionotropic glutamate receptors at neuromuscular junction synapses.
Title: Postsynaptic glutamate receptors regulate local BMP signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.
The actions of Brat at synapses are mediated through mothers against decapentaplegic (Mad), the signal transduction effector of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway.
Title: Brain tumor regulates neuromuscular synapse growth and endocytosis in Drosophila by suppressing mad expression.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (27)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables I-SMAD binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables co-SMAD binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in BMP signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in BMP signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in BMP signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in BMP signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in R8 cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in SMAD protein signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in SMAD protein signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in anatomical structure morphogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell differentiation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in follicle cell of egg chamber development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ-line stem cell division	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ-line stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart development	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in histoblast morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived leg morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing vein morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in intestinal stem cell homeostasis	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of salivary gland boundary specification	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neuromuscular junction development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in trunk segmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ventral cord development	HMP more info	PubMed
involved_in wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of heteromeric SMAD protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of heteromeric SMAD protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of heteromeric SMAD protein complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription regulator complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of transcription regulator complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: mothers against dpp

Names: CG12399-PA; CG12399-PB; Mad-PA; Mad-PB; Mothers-against-decapentaplegic; apang; mathers against dpp; mother against Dpp; mother against decapentaplegic; mothers against decapentaplegi; mothers against decapentaplegic; phospho-Smad; phosphoSmad; phosphorylated smad

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

3146056..3159643 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001273063.1 → NP_001259992.1 mothers against dpp, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259992.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PBX0

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd10490
Location:93 → 216

MH1_SMAD_1_5_9; N-terminal Mad Homology 1 (MH1) domain in SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD9 (also known as SMAD8)

cd10497
Location:325 → 525

MH2_SMAD_1_5_9; C-terminal Mad Homology 2 (MH2) domain in SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD9
NM_057669.3 → NP_477017.1 mothers against dpp, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_477017.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P42003, Q9VQM3

Related

FBpp0077302

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd10490
Location:23 → 146

MH1_SMAD_1_5_9; N-terminal Mad Homology 1 (MH1) domain in SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD9 (also known as SMAD8)

cd10497
Location:255 → 455

MH2_SMAD_1_5_9; C-terminal Mad Homology 2 (MH2) domain in SMAD1, SMAD5 and SMAD9