up upheld [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: upprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: upheldprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0004169
Locus tag: Dmel_CG7107
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0004169
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BcDNA:LD08591; CG7107; cTNT; Dmel\CG7107; DmTpnT; dro TnT; int; Tn-T; tnT; TnT; TNT; TpnT; Up; upheld2; wupB
Summary: Enables calcium ion binding activity and tropomyosin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including muscle cell cellular homeostasis; myofibril assembly; and regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling. Located in striated muscle thin filament. Part of troponin complex. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; adult heart; border follicle cell; larval muscle system; and muscle cell. Used to study cardiomyopathy; intrinsic cardiomyopathy; and nemaline myopathy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in intrinsic cardiomyopathy (multiple) and muscle tissue disease (multiple). Orthologous to human TNNT1 (troponin T1, slow skeletal type); TNNT2 (troponin T2, cardiac type); and TNNT3 (troponin T3, fast skeletal type). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 12A7-12A7; 1-44 cM

Exon count:: 14

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	X	NC_004354.4 (13593474..13602578, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	X	NC_004354.3 (13487507..13496611, complement)

Chromosome X - NC_004354.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The present study throws light on a new role played by miR-9a during muscle development and function, showing that miR-9a is involved in the translational regulation of TnT levels during sarcomeric assembly.
Title: Overexpression of miRNA-9 Generates Muscle Hypercontraction Through Translational Repression of Troponin-T in Drosophila melanogaster Indirect Flight Muscles.
Hypergravity centrifugation caused fast (i.e. within 24 h) changes to fly leg muscle TnT alternative splicing that correlated with body weight variation across eight D. melanogaster lines. Hypergravity treatment also appeared to enhance leg muscle function, as centrifuged flies showed an increased negative geotaxis response and jump ability.
Title: Molecular plasticity and functional enhancements of leg muscles in response to hypergravity in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
Report drosophila TNT mutation causing cardiac dysfunction and remodeling comparable to that observed during human restrictive cardiomyopathy.
Title: A Drosophila melanogaster model of diastolic dysfunction and cardiomyopathy based on impaired troponin-T function.
there are two modular enhancer elements in troponin T which establish the correct levels of Troponin T expression, adapting these levels to their specific needs
Title: Two functionally identical modular enhancers in Drosophila troponin T gene establish the correct protein levels in different muscle types.
In flies overexpressing a TnT transgene, the TnT increase is seen only in early stages of adult muscle formation, followed by a decrease in this & other thin-filament proteins, maybe by triggering down-regulation of co-regulated thin-filament components.
Title: Overexpression of troponin T in Drosophila muscles causes a decrease in the levels of thin-filament proteins.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

ha2919 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:515610

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables calcium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tropomyosin binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tropomyosin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in intracellular calcium ion homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mesoderm development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in mitochondrion organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle contraction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in muscle organ morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle thin filament assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in myofibril assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of muscle contraction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sarcomere organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sarcomere organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in striated muscle thin filament	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of troponin complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of troponin complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of troponin complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: upheld

Names: CG7107-PA; CG7107-PB; CG7107-PD; CG7107-PE; CG7107-PG; CG7107-PH; CG7107-PI; CG7107-PJ; CG7107-PK; CG7107-PL; CG7107-PM; CG7107-PN; CG7107-PO; CG7107-PP; CG7107-PQ; CG7107-PR; CG7107-PS; CG7107-PT; indented thorax; troponin; troponin T; troponin-T; troponinT; up-PA; up-PB; up-PD; up-PE; up-PG; up-PH; up-PI; up-PJ; up-PK; up-PL; up-PM; up-PN; up-PO; up-PP; up-PQ; up-PR; up-PS; up-PT