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greB transcription elongation factor GreB [ Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 ]

Gene ID: 2847706, updated on 17-Dec-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
greB
Official Full Name
transcription elongation factor GreB
Primary source
ECOCYC:EG11578
Locus tag
b3406
See related
ASAP:ABE-0011117
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 (strain: K-12, substrain: MG1655)
Lineage
Bacteria; Pseudomonadota; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia
Also known as
ECK3393
Summary
GreB stimulates the mRNA cleavage activity of RNA polymerase , which acts to release a polymerase complex that has stalled . [More information is available at EcoCyc: EG11578].
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Genomic context

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Sequence:
NC_000913.3 (3536812..3537288)

NC_000913.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) Neighboring gene sensor histidine kinase EnvZ Neighboring gene DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator OmpR Neighboring gene putative RNA-binding protein YhgF Neighboring gene ferrous iron transport protein A

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_000913.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Mutations in and monoclonal antibody binding to evolutionary hypervariable region of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase beta' subunit inhibit transcript cleavage and transcript elongation. Zakharova N, et al. J Biol Chem, 1998 Sep 18. PMID 9733798
  2. Recognition of a human arrest site is conserved between RNA polymerase II and prokaryotic RNA polymerases. Mote J Jr, et al. J Biol Chem, 1998 Jul 3. PMID 9642244, Free PMC Article
  3. Dynamics of GreB-RNA polymerase interaction allow a proofreading accessory protein to patrol for transcription complexes needing rescue. Tetone LE, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2017 Feb 14. PMID 28137878, Free PMC Article
  4. Nuclease cleavage of the upstream half of the nontemplate strand DNA in an Escherichia coli transcription elongation complex causes upstream translocation and transcriptional arrest. Wang D, et al. J Biol Chem, 1997 Feb 28. PMID 9038220
  5. The Nun protein of bacteriophage HK022 inhibits translocation of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase without abolishing its catalytic activities. Hung SC, et al. Genes Dev, 1997 Oct 15. PMID 9334329, Free PMC Article

See all (48) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Nascent RNA sequencing identifies a widespread sigma70-dependent pausing regulated by Gre factors in bacteria.
    Title: Nascent RNA sequencing identifies a widespread sigma70-dependent pausing regulated by Gre factors in bacteria.
  2. Data suggest that rRNA promoters are inhibited by the secondary channel factors (SCFs) transcription factors GreB and DksA because their short-lived RNA polymerases (RNAPs) complexes do not allow sufficient time for SCFs to dissociate.
    Title: Delayed inhibition mechanism for secondary channel factor regulation of ribosomal RNA transcription.
  3. These reconstructions provide insight into the catalytic mechanism and dynamics of RNA cleavage and extension and suggest how GreB targets backtracked complexes without interfering with canonical transcription
    Title: Structural Basis of Transcription: RNA Polymerase Backtracking and Its Reactivation.
  4. GreB binds to actively elongating complexes at nearly diffusion-limited rates but remains bound for only 0.3-0.5 s. Bound GreB inhibits transcript elongation only partially. GreB binds rapidly and randomly to elongation complexes, patrolling for those requiring nucleolytic rescue, and its short residence time minimizes RNAP inhibition
    Title: Dynamics of GreB-RNA polymerase interaction allow a proofreading accessory protein to patrol for transcription complexes needing rescue.
  5. overexpression of GreB in DeltagreA cells reduced the misincorporation errors to wild-type levels, demonstrating that GreB at high concentration could substitute for GreA in RNA proofreading activity in vivo.
    Title: A Cre Transcription Fidelity Reporter Identifies GreA as a Major RNA Proofreading Factor in Escherichia coli.
  6. Results show that although DksA and GreB compete for binding to free RNA polymerase, they do not interfere with each other's activities during elongation.
    Title: An insertion in the catalytic trigger loop gates the secondary channel of RNA polymerase.
  7. Data report the structure of Escherichia coli GreB, and show that the carboxy-terminal coiled-coil of the RNA polymerase beta'-subunit is the main binding site for Gre factors.
    Title: The carboxy-terminal coiled-coil of the RNA polymerase beta'-subunit is the main binding site for Gre factors.
  8. N-terminus verified by Edman degradation on complete protein
    Title: Transcript cleavage factors from E. coli.
  9. We show that the apparent affinities of DksA and GreB for RNAP are similar, but the cellular concentration of GreB is much lower than that of DksA.
    Title: Effects of DksA, GreA, and GreB on transcription initiation: insights into the mechanisms of factors that bind in the secondary channel of RNA polymerase.
  10. The half-life of GreA and GreB proteins suggests the involvement of DnaK and DnaJ in the stability of these proteins.
    Title: Influence of Escherichia coli DnaK and DnaJ molecular chaperones on tryptophanase (TnaA) amount and GreA, GreB stability.
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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by EcoCyc

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables transcription elongation factor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in DNA-templated transcription elongation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA-templated transcription initiation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
transcription elongation factor GreB

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000913.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    3536812..3537288
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. YP_026216.2 transcription elongation factor GreB [Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for YP_026216.2

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A376TRJ1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PRK01885
    Location:1 → 156
    greB; transcription elongation factor GreB; Reviewed
Nucleotide Protein
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