VEGFA vascular endothelial growth factor A [Bos taurus (domestic cattle)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: VEGFAprovided by VGNC
Official Full Name: vascular endothelial growth factor Aprovided by VGNC
Primary source: VGNC:VGNC:55927
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Bos taurus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos
Also known as: VPF; VEGF; VEGF-A; eVEGF120; eVEGF164
Summary: This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, and is essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. It is upregulated in many known tumors and its expression is correlated with tumor stage and progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is antiangiogenic. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 23

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_12	current	ARS-UCD2.0 (GCF_002263795.3)	23	NC_037350.1 (17281915..17297193)

Chromosome 23 - NC_037350.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_037350.1 Chromosome 23 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Dominette sequence data
BioProject: PRJNA294306
Analysis date: Tue Dec 17 08:57:05 2024

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and VEGFR-1 Change during Preimplantation in Heifers.
Title: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and VEGFR-1 Change during Preimplantation in Heifers.
miR-21-3p inhibits bovine primary ovarian granulosa cells autophagy by targeting VEGFA and attenuating PI3K/AKT signaling.
Title: miR-21-3p inhibits autophagy of bovine granulosa cells by targeting VEGFA via PI3K/AKT signaling.
Evidence of an altered expression of VEGFA-164, VEGFA-164b and VEGFR2 during the formation of persistent follicles and cysts in cows.
Title: Contribution of the VEGF system to the follicular persistence associated with bovine cystic ovaries.
data for the first time demonstrate a calpain/PTP1B/VEGFR2 negative feedback loop in the regulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Modulation of local PTP1B and/or calpain activities may prove beneficial in the treatment of impaired wound healing in diabetes.
Title: Protein Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in Calpain-dependent Feedback Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR2) in Endothelial Cells: IMPLICATIONS IN VEGF-DEPENDENT ANGIOGENESIS AND DIABETIC WOUND HEALING.
Studied the effect of cyclic uniaxial stretch (20%, 1 Hz), with and without the stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), on sprouting angiogenesis by employing a stretchable three-dimensional cell culture model.
Title: The interplay of cyclic stretch and vascular endothelial growth factor in regulating the initial steps for angiogenesis.
Study shows that VEGFA mRNA in mammalian endothelial cells undergoes programmed translational readthrough (PTR) generating VEGF-Ax, an isoform containing a unique 22-amino-acid C terminus extension.
Title: Programmed translational readthrough generates antiangiogenic VEGF-Ax.
Data indicate that superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited high glucose (HG)-induced expression of uPAR and VEGF in bovine retinal microvascular endothelial cell (REC).
Title: Diabetes-induced superoxide anion and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier: role of the VEGF/uPAR pathway.
Exposure of endothelial cells to VEGF, high glucose, or hydrogen peroxide up-regulated the XBP1/IRE1 alpha and ATF6 arms of the unfolded protein response compared with untreated cells.
Title: Targeting the IRE1α/XBP1 and ATF6 arms of the unfolded protein response enhances VEGF blockade to prevent retinal and choroidal neovascularization.
Microvascular endothelial cells are more susceptible than aortic cells to advanced glycation end products-enhanced permeability and that AGE-enhanced permeability is dependent on VEGF expression induced by reactive oxygen species.
Title: Advanced glycation end products increase permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells through reactive oxygen species-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression.
VEGF supports germ cell survival and sperm production in bulls.
Title: Vascular endothelial growth factor regulates germ cell survival during establishment of spermatogenesis in the bovine testis.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (42)

General gene information

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Markers

AW266880 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:278024

Vegfa (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:471318

RH46691 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:68409

PMC20712P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271944

Vegf (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:144751

PMC25276P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272284

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:251317

D2Wox60 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:240057

Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables chemoattractant activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
enables heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in induction of positive chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in sprouting angiogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: vascular endothelial growth factor A

Names: vascular endothelial growth factor 164; vascular permeability factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001316955.1 → NP_001303884.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform VEGF-Ax precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant transcript and encodes two isoforms, which result from the use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons. The shorter isoform (VEGF-A, also known as VEGF-A164) results from translation termination at the upstream UGA stop codon, while the longer isoform (VEGF-Ax) results from UGA stop codon readthrough to the downstream UGA termination codon. This RefSeq represents the longer, C-terminally extended isoform (VEGF-Ax), which exhibits antiangiogenic activity. As the upstream UGA stop codon has been shown to be recoded as serine (PMID:24949972), its location in the VEGF-Ax isoform (aa 191) is denoted by an 'S'.

Source sequence(s)

DV814183, DV876964, EV647554, HX921266, M32976

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P15691

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:133 → 190

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001316956.2 → NP_001303885.2 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 4

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an additional in-frame coding exon compared to variant 1, and encodes a longer isoform (4) with an internal 24 aa protein segment missing in isoform VEGF-A. It uses the upstream CUG start site.

Source sequence(s)

NKLS02000023
NM_001316992.1 → NP_001303921.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 3 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate acceptor splice site at the 3' terminal exon, which causes a frameshift compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3, also known as VEGF-Ab), though the same length, has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform VEGF-A.

Source sequence(s)

DV814183, DV876964, EU017524, EV647554, HX921266, M32976

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P15691

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4XBZ6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:133 → 184

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain
NM_001316993.1 → NP_001303922.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform 2 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame coding exon compared to variant 1, and encodes a shorter isoform (2, also known as VEGF-A120) missing an internal protein segment compared to isoform VEGF-A.

Source sequence(s)

AB455252, DV814183, DV876964, EV647554, HX921266, M32976

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C6KZS7, F1MSH5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family
NM_174216.2 → NP_776641.1 vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform VEGF-A precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_776641.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant transcript and encodes two isoforms, which result from the use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons. The shorter isoform (VEGF-A, also known as VEGF-A164) results from translation termination at the upstream UGA stop codon, while the longer isoform (VEGF-Ax) results from UGA stop codon readthrough to the downstream UGA termination codon. This RefSeq represents the shorter isoform (VEGF-A), which exhibits proangiogenic activity.

Source sequence(s)

DV814183, DV876964, EV647554, HX921266, M32976

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P15691

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

G8Z9U1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00141
Location:49 → 131

PDGF; Platelet-derived and vascular endothelial growth factors (PDGF, VEGF) family

pfam14554
Location:133 → 190

VEGF_C; VEGF heparin-binding domain