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Trh thyrotropin releasing hormone [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 25569, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Trhprovided by RGD
Official Full Name
thyrotropin releasing hormoneprovided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:3903
See related
EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000011824 AllianceGenome:RGD:3903
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
THR; Trf; TRH01; Pro-TRH
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone family. Cleavage of the encoded proprotein releases mature thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which is a tripeptide hypothalamic regulatory hormone. The rat proprotein contains five thyrotropin-releasing hormone tripeptides. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation and release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, as well as prolactin, and may be involved in cardiac function in heart failure. Disruption of this gene is associated with hypothyroidism, elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and hyperglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
Expression
Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 29.7), Testes (RPKM 9.2) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Trh in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q34
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 4 NC_086022.1 (126299236..126301762, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 4 NC_051339.1 (124742111..124777094, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 4 NC_005103.4 (124110716..124113242, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC103692187 Neighboring gene mitochondrial ribosomal protein S25 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486818 Neighboring gene rabenosyn, RAB effector Neighboring gene prickle planar cell polarity protein 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486613 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486616

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Sex Dimorphic Changes in Trh Gene Methylation and Thyroid-Axis Response to Energy Demands in Maternally Separated Rats. Jaimes-Hoy L, et al. Endocrinology, 2021 Aug 1. PMID 34043769
  2. Rapid modulation of TRH and TRH-like peptide levels in rat brain and peripheral tissues by corticosterone. Pekary AE, et al. Neurochem Int, 2006 Feb. PMID 16293347
  3. Rapid modulation of TRH-like peptides in rat brain by thyroid hormones. Pekary AE, et al. Peptides, 2006 Jun. PMID 16310891
  4. Cold stress induces metabolic activation of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone-synthesising neurones in the magnocellular division of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and concomitantly changes ovarian sympathetic activity parameters. Fiedler J, et al. J Neuroendocrinol, 2006 May. PMID 16629836
  5. Brainstem thyrotropin-releasing hormone regulates food intake through vagal-dependent cholinergic stimulation of ghrelin secretion. Ao Y, et al. Endocrinology, 2006 Dec. PMID 16959836

See all (90) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Sex Dimorphic Changes in Trh Gene Methylation and Thyroid-Axis Response to Energy Demands in Maternally Separated Rats.
    Title: Sex Dimorphic Changes in Trh Gene Methylation and Thyroid-Axis Response to Energy Demands in Maternally Separated Rats.
  2. TRH in the nucleus accumbens acts downstream to alpha-MSH to decrease food intake in rats.
    Title: TRH in the nucleus accumbens acts downstream to α-MSH to decrease food intake in rats.
  3. Differential activating effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its analog taltirelin on motor output to the tongue musculature in vivo.
    Title: Differential activating effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its analog taltirelin on motor output to the tongue musculature in vivo.
  4. Intrauterine Zn deficiency favors thyrotropin-releasing hormone-increasing effects on thyrotropin serum levels and induces subclinical hypothyroidism in weaned rats.
    Title: Intrauterine Zn Deficiency Favors Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-Increasing Effects on Thyrotropin Serum Levels and Induces Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Weaned Rats.
  5. We found that dehydration induced anorexia rats showed increased number of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) cells in caudal paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, as well as a decreased percentage of TRH-expressing neurons that co-expressed monocarboxylate transporter-8 mRNA signal.
    Title: Mct8 and trh co-expression throughout the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is modified by dehydration-induced anorexia in rats.
  6. The results of this study concluded that long-term changes in dietary Zn down-regulate PPII activity
    Title: Mediobasal hypothalamic and adenohypophyseal TRH-degrading enzyme (PPII) is down-regulated by zinc deficiency.
  7. Delayed increases in both the median eminence PPII as well as the thyroliberinase activities in fasted male rats may facilitate the maintenance of deep downregulation of the HPT axis function, despite a partial reactivation of TRH expression in the PVN.
    Title: Fasting Enhances Pyroglutamyl Peptidase II Activity in Tanycytes of the Mediobasal Hypothalamus of Male Adult Rats.
  8. TGFbeta2 regulates hypothalamic TRH expression through TIEG1 during fetal development.
    Title: TGFβ2 regulates hypothalamic Trh expression through the TGFβ inducible early gene-1 (TIEG1) during fetal development.
  9. a specific TRH increase in the left ventricle induced structural changes in the normal heart
    Title: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone overexpression induces structural changes of the left ventricle in the normal rat heart.
  10. Trh, Tnxa and Nnat genes were affected according to the degree of memory in male rats.
    Title: Memory-related gene expression profile of the male rat hippocampus induced by teeth extraction and occlusal support recovery.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (56)

Pathways from PubChem

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General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables thyrotropin-releasing hormone activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables thyrotropin-releasing hormone activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within adult walking behavior ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in eating behavior IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in eating behavior IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in histamine metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in histamine metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in hormone-mediated signaling pathway IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of feeding behavior IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of glutamate secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of glutamate secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to corticosterone IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to ethanol IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to glucose IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to hypoxia IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in secretory granule IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in secretory granule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
thyrotropin releasing hormone
Names
TSH-releasing factor
pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone
prothyroliberin
protirelin
thyrotropin-releasing factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_013046.3 → NP_037178.1  thyrotropin releasing hormone preproprotein

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    FQ100942, FQ221609, FQ223091
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P01150
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B1WBP2
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000015944.2, ENSRNOT00000015944.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam05438
    Location:6 → 222
    TRH; Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086022.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    126299236..126301762 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P01150.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P01150

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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