per2 period circadian clock 2 [Danio rerio (zebrafish)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: per2provided by ZNC
Official Full Name: period circadian clock 2provided by ZNC
Primary source: ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-011220-2
See related: Ensembl:ENSDARG00000034503 AllianceGenome:ZFIN:ZDB-GENE-011220-2
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Danio rerio
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes; Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio
Also known as: fj43b09; wu:fj43b09
Summary: Enables chromatin binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including circadian regulation of gene expression; entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod; and locomotor rhythm. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Is expressed in heart; liver; muscle; nervous system; and ovary. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in advanced sleep phase syndrome; advanced sleep phase syndrome 1; alcohol dependence; cocaine dependence; and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Orthologous to human PER2 (period circadian regulator 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 2

Exon count:: 24

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCz11 (GCF_000002035.6)	2	NC_007113.7 (48309597..48375358, complement)
105	previous assembly	GRCz10 (GCF_000002035.5)	2	NC_007113.6 (48455436..48521221, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_007113.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
Description: Sequencing the Zebrafish transcriptome from a range of tissues and developmental stages
BioProject: PRJEB1986
Analysis date: Fri Dec 8 19:48:10 2017

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The Light-Inducible Genes Per2, Cry1a, and Cry2a Regulate Oxidative Status in Zebrafish.
Title: The Light-Inducible Genes Per2, Cry1a, and Cry2a Regulate Oxidative Status in Zebrafish.
regulate total physical activity, likely via regulating cellular energy metabolism.
Title: The clock components Period2, Cryptochrome1a, and Cryptochrome2a function in establishing light-dependent behavioral rhythms and/or total activity levels in zebrafish.
show that zHsf1 plays a positive role in HS-driven expression of zper2 in the dark but seems to act as an attenuator in the presence light
Title: zHSF1 modulates zper2 expression in zebrafish embryos.
Using a wounded zebrafish inflammation model, the authors found that under constant dark conditions (DD), the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines is significantly downregulated in per1b gene mutant zebrafish and significantly upregulated in the per2 gene mutant zebrafish.
Title: Circadian genes period1b and period2 differentially regulate inflammatory responses in zebrafish.
Upon inhibition of protein synthesis, D-box mediated gene expression is abolished while the E-box confers light driven activation as observed in the per2 gene.
Title: Regulation of per and cry genes reveals a central role for the D-box enhancer in light-dependent gene expression.
Opposing effects of circadian clock genes bmal1 and period2 in regulation of VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in developing zebrafish.
Title: Opposing effects of circadian clock genes bmal1 and period2 in regulation of VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in developing zebrafish.
light-dependent crosstalk between E- and D-box binding factors is a central determinant of per2 expression.
Title: Light directs zebrafish period2 expression via conserved D and E boxes.
Treatment of light responsive cells with hydrogen peroxide triggers induction of this gene.
Title: Circadian control by the reduction/oxidation pathway: catalase represses light-dependent clock gene expression in the zebrafish.
Analysis of zper2 mRNA expression in zebrafish embryos exposed to different photoperiodic regimes indicated that zper2 expression is transiently up-regulated by light but is not regulated by the circadian oscillator.
Title: Functional development of the zebrafish pineal gland: light-induced expression of period2 is required for onset of the circadian clock.
Period2 has a role in the development of the pineal circadian clock in zebrafish [review]
Title: Period2 expression pattern and its role in the development of the pineal circadian clock in zebrafish.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by ZFIN

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables chromatin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within circadian regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within locomotor rhythm	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of angiogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within photoperiodism	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of circadian rhythm	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of circadian rhythm	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to UV	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cold	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to hydrogen peroxide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to light stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: period circadian protein homolog 2

Names: per2a; zper2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_182857.2 → NP_878277.2 period circadian protein homolog 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_878277.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BX890608, EH526771

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8M1PAM8, F1QUT1, F8W3K8

Related

ENSDARP00000088777.5, ENSDART00000098004.5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00130
Location:409 → 499

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam12114
Location:1189 → 1366

Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

pfam14598
Location:399 → 499

PAS_11; PAS domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000002035.6-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCz11 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_007113.7 Reference GRCz11 Primary Assembly

Range

48309597..48375358 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_009298837.4 → XP_009297112.1 period circadian protein homolog 2 isoform X3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_009297112.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8M1PAM8, F1QUT1, F8W3K8

Related

ENSDARP00000124374.1, ENSDART00000148788.3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00130
Location:409 → 499

PAS; PAS domain; PAS motifs appear in archaea, eubacteria and eukarya. Probably the most surprising identification of a PAS domain was that in EAG-like K+-channels. PAS domains have been found to bind ligands, and to act as sensors for light and oxygen in ...

pfam12114
Location:1189 → 1366

Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

pfam14598
Location:399 → 499

PAS_11; PAS domain
XM_021478637.2 → XP_021334312.1 period circadian protein homolog 2 isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8M9PS01

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam12114
Location:1207 → 1381

Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

cl25986
Location:399 → 499

PAS_3; PAS fold

cl26464
Location:873 → 1110

Atrophin-1; Atrophin-1 family
XM_021478636.2 → XP_021334311.1 period circadian protein homolog 2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8M9QFB2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam12114
Location:1208 → 1382

Period_C; Period protein 2/3C-terminal region

cl25986
Location:399 → 499

PAS_3; PAS fold

cl26464
Location:880 → 1111

Atrophin-1; Atrophin-1 family