GEO DataSets

(Submitter supplied) The embryo is responsible for transmitting genetic information to the next generation. However, the underlying gene expression and gene imprinting during early embryo development remain largely elusive in maize. Using high-throughput RNA sequencing, we analyzed the allelic gene expression patterns of maize embryos from reciprocal crosses between inbred lines B73 and Mo17 at six time points (3 to 13 days after pollination). more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL17628

48 Samples

Download data: XLS

(Submitter supplied) In angiosperms, the endosperm provides nutrients for embryogenesis or seed germination and is the primary tissue where gene imprinting occurs. To map the imprintome of the early developing endosperm in maize, we performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of the kernels at 0, 3, 5 days after pollination (DAP) and the endosperms at 7, 10, and 15 DAP produced from the B73 and Mo17 reciprocal crosses. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL15463

12 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) Epigenetic modification plays important roles in plant and animal development. DNA methylation can impact the transposable element (TE) silencing, gene imprinting and regulate gene expression.Through a genome-wide analysis, DNA methylation peaks were respectively characterized and mapped in maize embryo and endosperm genome. Distinct methylation level across maize embryo and endosperm was observed. The maize embryo genome contained more DNA methylation peaks than endosperm. However, the endosperm chloroplast genome contained more DNA methylation peaks to compare with the embryo chloroplast genome. DNA methylation regions were characterized and mapped in genome. More CG island (CGI) shore are methylated than CGI in maize suggested that DNA methylation level is not positively correlated with CpG density. The DNA methylation occurred more frequently in the promoter sequence and transcriptional termination region (TTR) than other regions of the genes. The result showed that 99% TEs we characterized are methylated in maize embryo, but some (34.8%) of them are not methylated in endosperm. Maize embryo and endosperm exhibit distinct pattern/level of methylation. The most differentially methylated two regions between embryo and endosperm are High CpG content promoters (HCPs) and high CpG content TTRs (HCTTRs). DNA methylation peaks distinction of mitochondria and chloroplast DNA were less than the nucleus DNA. Our results indicated that DNA methylation is associated with the gene silencing or gene activation in maize endosperm and embryo. Many genes involved in embryogenesis and seed development were found differentially methylated in embryo and endosperm. We found 17 endosperm-specific expressed imprinting genes were hypomethylated in endosperm and were hypermethylated in embryo. The expression of a maize DEMETER -like (DME-like) gene and MBD101 gene (MBD4 homolog) which direct bulk genome DNA demethylation were higher in endosperm than in embryo. These two genes may be associated with the distinct methylation level across maize embryo and endosperm.The methylomes of maize embryo and endosperm was obtained by MeDIP-seq method. The global mapping of maize embryo and endosperm methylation in this study broadened our knowledge of DNA methylation patterns in maize genome, and provided useful information for future studies on maize seed development and regulation of metabolic pathways in different seed tissues.

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL15463

2 Samples

Download data: BED

(Submitter supplied) Imprinting describes the differential expression of alleles based upon their parent of origin. Deep sequencing of RNAs from maize endosperm and embryo tissue 14 days after pollination was used to identify imprinted genes among a set of ~12,000 genes that were expressed and contained sequence polymorphisms between the B73 and Mo17 genotypes. The analysis of parent-of-origin patterns of expression resulted in the identification of 100 putative imprinted genes in maize endosperm including 54 maternally expressed genes (MEGs) and 46 paternally expressed genes (PEGs). more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Methylation profiling by genome tiling array

Platform:

GPL13499

6 Samples

Download data: PAIR, TXT

(Submitter supplied) This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

24 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) The nuclear content of the plant endosperm is the result of the contribution two maternal genomes and a single paternal genome. This 2:1 dosage relationship provides a unique system for studying the additivity of gene expression levels in reciprocal hybrids. A combination of microarray profiling and allele-specific expression analysis was performed using RNA isolated from endosperm tissues of maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 and their reciprocal hybrids at two developmental stages, 13 and 19 days after pollination. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

12 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) The nuclear content of the plant endosperm is the result of the contribution two maternal genomes and a single paternal genome. This 2:1 dosage relationship provides a unique system for studying the additivity of gene expression levels in reciprocal hybrids. A combination of microarray profiling and allele-specific expression analysis was performed using RNA isolated from endosperm tissues of maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 and their reciprocal hybrids at two developmental stages, 13 and 19 days after pollination. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

12 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) Endosperm is an absorptive structure that supports embryo development or seedling germination in angiosperms. The endosperm of cereals is a main source of food, feed, and industrial raw materials worldwide. However, the gene regulatory networks that control endosperm cell differentiation remain largely unclear. As a first step toward characterizing these networks, we profiled the mRNAs in five major cell types of the differentiating endosperm and in the embryo and four maternal compartments of the kernel. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL15463

22 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) Sperm cells represent the male partner that fuses with the egg cell during fertilization in all multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms, and, in flowering plants, is a founder of both embryo and nutritive endosperm. We examined the transcriptome of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica using the Affymetrix 57K rice genome GeneChip to provide an overview of genes activated in the paternal gamete. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression in mature pollen and sperm cells at anthesis, which constitutes the stage immediately preceding pollen germination and gamete deposition leading up to fertilization. more...

Organism:

Oryza sativa

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL2025

9 Samples

Download data: CEL

(Submitter supplied) This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

36 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns in immature ear, seedling, and embryo tissues from the maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 identified numerous genes with variable expression. Some genes had detectable expression in only one of the two inbreds; most of these genes were detected in the genomic DNA of both inbreds, indicating that the expression differences are likely caused by differential regulation rather than by differences in gene content. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

12 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns in immature ear, seedling, and embryo tissues from the maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 identified numerous genes with variable expression. Some genes had detectable expression in only one of the two inbreds; most of these genes were detected in the genomic DNA of both inbreds, indicating that the expression differences are likely caused by differential regulation rather than by differences in gene content. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

12 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) Microarray analysis of gene expression patterns in immature ear, seedling, and embryo tissues from the maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 identified numerous genes with variable expression. Some genes had detectable expression in only one of the two inbreds; most of these genes were detected in the genomic DNA of both inbreds, indicating that the expression differences are likely caused by differential regulation rather than by differences in gene content. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL4032

12 Samples

Download data: CEL, CHP

(Submitter supplied) Analysis of the maize alternative splicing landscape, including transcript discovery and quantification during development and drought

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL17628

94 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) The contribution of epigenetic variation to phenotypic variation is unclear. Imprinted genes, because of their strong association with epigenetic modifications, represent an opportunity for the discovery of such phenomena. In mammals and flowering plants, a subset of genes are expressed from only one parental allele in a process called gene imprinting. Imprinting is associated with differential DNA methylation and chromatin modifications between parental alleles. more...

Organism:

Arabidopsis thaliana

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL17639

9 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) Trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression during plant and animal development. We characterized the genome-wide distribution of H3K27me3 in five developmentally distinct tissues in maize plants of two genetic backgrounds, B73 and Mo17, representatives of two distinct heterotic groups. There are numerous differences in the distribution of H3K27me3 among tissues. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Genome binding/occupancy profiling by genome tiling array

Platforms:

GPL15621 GPL13499

13 Samples

Download data: PAIR

(Submitter supplied) Transcriptomics at maize embryo/endosperm interfaces identifies a novel transcriptionally distinct endosperm sub-domain adjacent to the embryo scutellum (EAS)

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL15463

24 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) In the current study a microarray (46k, University of Arizona, USA) analysis of 21 European maize (Zea mays L.) parental inbred lines (14 dent and 7 flint) was applied. The aim was the identification of parental genes which expression levels are correlated to heterosis and/or hybrid performance for grain yield (GY) and grain dry matter content (GDMC) in the hybrid progeny (F1). Therefore gene expression profiles of differentially expressed genes of the parental inbred lines at the seedling stage were correlated with GY- and GDMC-field data of 98 flint x dent factorial crosses gained at six different locations in Germany. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by array

Platform:

GPL6438

63 Samples

Download data: GPR

(Submitter supplied) Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon by which certain genes display differential expression in a parent-of-origin-dependent manner. Hundreds of imprinted genes have been identified from several plant species. Here we identified, with a high level of confidence, 208 imprinted candidates from rice. Imprinted genes of rice showed limited association to the transposable elements, which contrasts with findings from Arabidopsis. more...

Organism:

Oryza sativa

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platforms:

GPL24468 GPL19290

15 Samples

Download data: TXT

(Submitter supplied) Endosperm is a product of double fertilization, and provides nutrients and signals to the embryo during seed development in flowering plants. Early stages of endosperm development are critical for the development of its storage capacity through synthesis and accumulation of starch and storage proteins. Here we report on the isolation and sequencing of mRNAs from the central portion of the starchy endosperm of Zea mays (maize) B73 at 6 days after pollination. more...

Organism:

Zea mays

Type:

Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing

Platform:

GPL13977

4 Samples

Download data: TXT