ClinVar Genomic variation as it relates to human health
NM_007294.4(BRCA1):c.122A>T (p.His41Leu)
The aggregate germline classification for this variant, typically for a monogenic or Mendelian disorder as in the ACMG/AMP guidelines, or for response to a drug. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the aggregate classification.
Stars represent the aggregate review status, or the level of review supporting the aggregate germline classification for this VCV record. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the review status. The number of submissions which contribute to this review status is shown in parentheses.
No data submitted for somatic clinical impact
No data submitted for oncogenicity
Variant Details
- Identifiers
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NM_007294.4(BRCA1):c.122A>T (p.His41Leu)
Variation ID: 230862 Accession: VCV000230862.27
- Type and length
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single nucleotide variant, 1 bp
- Location
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Cytogenetic: 17q21.31 17: 43115738 (GRCh38) [ NCBI UCSC ] 17: 41267755 (GRCh37) [ NCBI UCSC ]
- Timeline in ClinVar
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First in ClinVar Help The date this variant first appeared in ClinVar with each type of classification.
Last submission Help The date of the most recent submission for each type of classification for this variant.
Last evaluated Help The most recent date that a submitter evaluated this variant for each type of classification.
Germline Aug 1, 2016 Sep 29, 2024 Aug 25, 2023 - HGVS
- ... more HGVS ... less HGVS
- Protein change
- H41L
- Other names
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- Canonical SPDI
- NC_000017.11:43115737:T:A
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Functional
consequence HelpThe effect of the variant on RNA or protein function, based on experimental evidence from submitters.
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functionally_abnormal; Sequence Ontology [ SO:0002218]The saturation genome editing (SGE) assay for BRCA1 NM_007294.3:c.122A>T, a MISSENSE variant, produced a function score of -1.78, corresponding to a functional classification of LOSS_OF_FUNCTION. SGE function score ranges for classification are as follows: ‘functional’, score > -0.748; ‘intermediate’, -0.748 > score > -1.328; ‘non-functional’, score < -1.328. The median synonymous SNV scored 0.0 and the median nonsense SNV scored -2.12. [submitted by Brotman Baty Institute, University of Washington]
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Global minor allele
frequency (GMAF) HelpThe global minor allele frequency calculated by the 1000 Genomes Project. The minor allele at this location is indicated in parentheses and may be different from the allele represented by this VCV record.
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Allele frequency
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The frequency of the allele represented by this VCV record.
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- Links
Genes
Gene | OMIM | ClinGen Gene Dosage Sensitivity Curation |
Variation Viewer
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Links to Variation Viewer, a genome browser to view variation data from NCBI databases. |
Related variants | ||
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HI score
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The haploinsufficiency score for the gene, curated by ClinGen’s Dosage Sensitivity Curation task team. |
TS score
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The triplosensitivity score for the gene, curated by ClinGen’s Dosage Sensitivity Curation task team. |
Within gene
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The number of variants in ClinVar that are contained within this gene, with a link to view the list of variants. |
All
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The number of variants in ClinVar for this gene, including smaller variants within the gene and larger CNVs that overlap or fully contain the gene. |
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BRCA1 | Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity | No evidence available |
GRCh38 GRCh37 |
13050 | 14856 |
Conditions - Germline
Condition
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The condition for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. |
Classification
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The aggregate germline classification for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. The number of submissions that contribute to this aggregate classification is shown in parentheses. (# of submissions) |
Review status
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The aggregate review status for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the review status. |
Last evaluated
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The most recent date that a submitter evaluated this variant for the condition. |
Variation/condition record
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The RCV accession number, with most recent version number, for the variant-condition record, with a link to the RCV web page. |
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Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic (2) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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Jun 11, 2021 | RCV000221074.9 | |
Likely pathogenic (3) |
criteria provided, single submitter
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Oct 17, 2022 | RCV000238698.8 | |
Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic (2) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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Jan 3, 2022 | RCV000484008.4 | |
Pathogenic (2) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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Aug 25, 2023 | RCV001194451.11 | |
Likely pathogenic (1) |
criteria provided, single submitter
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Jan 13, 2020 | RCV001292947.2 |
Submissions - Germline
Classification
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The submitted germline classification for each SCV record. (Last evaluated) |
Review status
Help
Stars represent the review status, or the level of review supporting the submitted (SCV) record. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from the submitter. Read our rules for calculating the review status. This column also includes a link to the submitter’s assertion criteria if provided, and the collection method. (Assertion criteria) |
Condition
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The condition for the classification, provided by the submitter for this submitted (SCV) record. This column also includes the affected status and allele origin of individuals observed with this variant. |
Submitter
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The submitting organization for this submitted (SCV) record. This column also includes the SCV accession and version number, the date this SCV first appeared in ClinVar, and the date that this SCV was last updated in ClinVar. |
More information
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This column includes more information supporting the classification, including citations, the comment on classification, and detailed evidence provided as observations of the variant by the submitter. |
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Pathogenic
(Jun 11, 2021)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Ambry Genetics
Accession: SCV000274542.7
First in ClinVar: May 29, 2016 Last updated: May 01, 2024 |
Comment:
The p.H41L pathogenic mutation (also known as c.122A>T), located in coding exon 2 of the BRCA1 gene, results from an A to T substitution at … (more)
The p.H41L pathogenic mutation (also known as c.122A>T), located in coding exon 2 of the BRCA1 gene, results from an A to T substitution at nucleotide position 122. The histidine at codon 41 is replaced by leucine, an amino acid with similar properties. One functional study found that this nucleotide substitution is non-functional in a high-throughput, genome editing, haploid cell survival assay. (Findlay GM et al. Nature. 2018 10;562:217-222). Substitutions at this amino acid residue severely impact E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, however, they have minimal impact on BARD1 binding (Morris JR et al. Hum Mol Genet. 2006 Feb;15(4):599-606; Starita LM et al. Genetics. 2015 Jun;200:413-22). Several other substitutions at this amino acid position are pathogenic, including arginine and tyrosine (Ambry internal data; Morris JR et al. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2006 Feb; 15(4):599-606; Ransburgh DJ et al. Cancer Res. 2010 Feb; 70(3):988-95; Towler WI et al. Hum. Mutat. 2013 Mar; 34(3):439-45). This variant affects a known zinc binding motif which is predicted to disrupt protein folding (Ambry internal data; Brzovic PS et al. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2001 Oct;8:833-7; Brzovic PS et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2003 May;100:5646-51). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the supporting evidence, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. (less)
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pathogenic
(Jan 03, 2022)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano
Accession: SCV000296354.3
First in ClinVar: Aug 01, 2016 Last updated: Sep 29, 2024 |
Comment:
This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the published literature, the variant has been reported in a woman affected … (more)
This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the published literature, the variant has been reported in a woman affected with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627 (2015)). Functional studies have shown that this variant causes loss of DNA repair activity and reduced cellular survival (PMID: 30209399 (2018), 30219179 (2018)), as well as reduced E3 ligase activity (PMID: 25823446 (2015)). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(Jul 17, 2017)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Not Provided
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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GeneDx
Accession: SCV000564710.5
First in ClinVar: Apr 27, 2017 Last updated: Dec 19, 2017 |
Comment:
This variant is denoted BRCA1 c.122A>T at the cDNA level, p.His41Leu (H41L) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Histidine to … (more)
This variant is denoted BRCA1 c.122A>T at the cDNA level, p.His41Leu (H41L) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Histidine to a Leucine (CAC>CTC). Using alternate nomenclature, this variant would be defined as BRCA1 241A>T. Functional interrogation of BRCA1 His41Leu by yeast-hybrid assay demonstrates impaired interaction between the variant and E2 (UbcH5a) in comparison to wild type (Morris 2006). In addition, a less severe, conservative amino acid change BRCA1 His41Arg (H41R) was predicted to be pathogenic by a multifactorial model based on pathology, species conservation and familial co-segregation, was deficient in a single strand annealing assay, has been associated with centrosome amplification, was non-functional in a homology-directed recombination (HDR) assay and exhibited decreased BARD1 binding and ubiquitin ligase activity (Whiley 2014, Towler 2013, Kais 2012, Ransburgh 2010, Morris 2006). BRCA1 His41Leu was not observed in large population cohorts (NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, The 1000 Genomes Consortium 2015, Lek 2016). Since Histidine and Leucine differ in polarity, charge, size or other properties, this is considered a non-conservative amino acid substitution. BRCA1 His41Leu occurs at a position that is conserved in mammals and is located in the RING-finger domain and Ub site, as well as a region known to interact with multiple other proteins (Wu 1996, Narod 2004, Borg 2010, Harte 2010, Paul 2014). In silico analyses predict that this variant is probably damaging to protein structure and function. Based on the currently available information, we consider BRCA1 His41Leu to be a likely pathogenic variant. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(Jan 13, 2020)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Fanconi anemia, complementation group S
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
maternal
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Baylor Genetics
Study: CSER-TexasKidsCanSeq
Accession: SCV001481655.2 First in ClinVar: Feb 28, 2021 Last updated: Feb 28, 2021 |
Comment:
This variant was determined to be likely pathogenic according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. This variant has been previously reported as disease-causing [PMID 25186627, 30209399]
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Likely pathogenic
(Feb 10, 2020)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health
Accession: SCV001348623.2
First in ClinVar: Mar 25, 2020 Last updated: Jan 12, 2022 |
Comment:
This missense variant replaces histidine with leucine at codon 41 of the BRCA1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on … (more)
This missense variant replaces histidine with leucine at codon 41 of the BRCA1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). Splice site prediction tools suggest that this variant may not impact RNA splicing. Functional studies have shown that this variant is non-functional in a homology-direct repair assay (PMID: 30219179) and in a haploid cell proliferation assay (PMID: 30209399) and disrupts binding to E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (PMID: 16403807). This variant has been reported in an individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627). A different variant occurring at the same position, p.His41Arg, is classified as Pathogenic (Clinvar variation ID: 54166), suggesting that histidine at this position is important for BRCA1 function. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Likely Pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Jan 30, 2023)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Accession: SCV001364030.3
First in ClinVar: Jun 22, 2020 Last updated: Nov 11, 2023 |
Comment:
Variant summary: BRCA1 c.122A>T (p.His41Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging … (more)
Variant summary: BRCA1 c.122A>T (p.His41Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 250784 control chromosomes. c.122A>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (Tung_2014, Herzog_2021). These data indicate that the variant is likely to be associated with disease. At least one functional study reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function and showed a damaging effect of this variant on homology directed repair (HDR) activity (e.g. Findlay_2018). HDR assays qualify as a recognized gold standard on the basis of updated guidance provided by the ClinGen Sequence Variant Interpretation (SVI) working group. Other variants impacting the same codon have been classified as pathogenic by our lab (p.His41Arg). Seven clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. Multiple laboratories reported the variant with conflicting assessments (5 likely pathogenic/pathogenic, 2 VUS). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Aug 25, 2023)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Accession: SCV001392328.5
First in ClinVar: Jul 16, 2020 Last updated: Feb 20, 2024 |
Comment:
This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 41 of the BRCA1 protein (p.His41Leu). … (more)
This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 41 of the BRCA1 protein (p.His41Leu). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 230862). Advanced modeling performed at Invitae incorporating data from internal and/or published experimental studies (PMID: 30209399) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt BRCA1 function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects BRCA1 function (PMID: 25823446, 30209399, 30219179). This variant disrupts the p.His41 amino acid residue in BRCA1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 20103620, 21725363, 24489791, 25823446, 30209399). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(Oct 17, 2022)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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Baylor Genetics
Accession: SCV004216897.1
First in ClinVar: Dec 30, 2023 Last updated: Dec 30, 2023 |
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not provided
(-)
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no classification provided
Method: in vitro
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Breast-ovarian cancer, familial 1
Affected status: not applicable
Allele origin:
not applicable
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Brotman Baty Institute, University of Washington
Accession: SCV001237887.1
First in ClinVar: Apr 18, 2020 Last updated: Apr 18, 2020 |
Method: saturation genome editing in haploid cells
Result:
LOSS_OF_FUNCTION:-1.77532347459198
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Uncertain significance
(Nov 21, 2017)
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Flagged submission
flagged submission
Method: clinical testing
Reason: Outlier claim with insufficient supporting evidence
Source: ClinGen
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Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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Counsyl
Accession: SCV000784758.2
First in ClinVar: Aug 01, 2016 Last updated: Aug 01, 2016 |
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Flagged submissions do not contribute to the aggregate classification or review status for the variant. Learn more |
Germline Functional Evidence
Functional
Help
The functional consequence of the variant, based on experimental evidence and provided by the submitter. consequence |
Method
Help
A brief description of the method used to determine the functional consequence of the variant. A citation for the method is included, when provided by the submitter. |
Result
Help
A brief description of the result of this method for this variant. |
Submitter
Help
The submitting organization for this submitted (SCV) record. This column also includes the SCV accession and version number, the date this SCV first appeared in ClinVar, and the date that this SCV was last updated in ClinVar. |
More information
Help
This column includes more information supporting functional evidence for the germline classification, including citations, the comment on classification, and detailed evidence provided as observations of the variant by the submitter. |
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functionally_abnormal
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Method citation(s):
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Brotman Baty Institute, University of Washington
Accession: SCV001237887.1
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Comment:
The saturation genome editing (SGE) assay for BRCA1 NM_007294.3:c.122A>T, a MISSENSE variant, produced a function score of -1.78, corresponding to a functional classification of LOSS_OF_FUNCTION. … (more)
The saturation genome editing (SGE) assay for BRCA1 NM_007294.3:c.122A>T, a MISSENSE variant, produced a function score of -1.78, corresponding to a functional classification of LOSS_OF_FUNCTION. SGE function score ranges for classification are as follows: ‘functional’, score > -0.748; ‘intermediate’, -0.748 > score > -1.328; ‘non-functional’, score < -1.328. The median synonymous SNV scored 0.0 and the median nonsense SNV scored -2.12. (less)
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Citations for germline classification of this variant
HelpTitle | Author | Journal | Year | Link |
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Genetic epidemiology of BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated cancer across Latin America. | Herzog JS | NPJ breast cancer | 2021 | PMID: 34413315 |
A Multiplex Homology-Directed DNA Repair Assay Reveals the Impact of More Than 1,000 BRCA1 Missense Substitution Variants on Protein Function. | Starita LM | American journal of human genetics | 2018 | PMID: 30219179 |
Accurate classification of BRCA1 variants with saturation genome editing. | Findlay GM | Nature | 2018 | PMID: 30209399 |
Massively Parallel Functional Analysis of BRCA1 RING Domain Variants. | Starita LM | Genetics | 2015 | PMID: 25823446 |
Frequency of mutations in individuals with breast cancer referred for BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing using next-generation sequencing with a 25-gene panel. | Tung N | Cancer | 2015 | PMID: 25186627 |
Multifactorial likelihood assessment of BRCA1 and BRCA2 missense variants confirms that BRCA1:c.122A>G(p.His41Arg) is a pathogenic mutation. | Whiley PJ | PloS one | 2014 | PMID: 24489791 |
Functional differences among BRCA1 missense mutations in the control of centrosome duplication. | Kais Z | Oncogene | 2012 | PMID: 21725363 |
Identification of breast tumor mutations in BRCA1 that abolish its function in homologous DNA recombination. | Ransburgh DJ | Cancer research | 2010 | PMID: 20103620 |
Genetic analysis of BRCA1 ubiquitin ligase activity and its relationship to breast cancer susceptibility. | Morris JR | Human molecular genetics | 2006 | PMID: 16403807 |
https://sge.gs.washington.edu/BRCA1/ | - | - | - | - |
Text-mined citations for rs80357276 ...
HelpRecord last updated Oct 08, 2024
This date represents the last time this VCV record was updated. The update may be due to an update to one of the included submitted records (SCVs), or due to an update that ClinVar made to the variant such as adding HGVS expressions or a rs number. So this date may be different from the date of the “most recent submission” reported at the top of this page.