Exchangeable apolipoproteins play vital roles in the transport of lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) assists in the loading of diacylglycerol, generated from triacylglycerol stores in the fat body through the action of adipokinetic hormone, into lipophorin, the hemolymph lipoprotein. ApoLp-III increases the lipid carrying capacity of lipophorin by covering the expanding hydrophobic surface resulting from diacylglycerol uptake. It plays a critical role in the transport of lipids during insect flight, and may also play a role in defense mechanisms and innate immunity.
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