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forkhead associated (FHA) domain found in TRAF-interacting protein with FHA domain-containing protein A (TIFA) and similar proteins TIFA, also called putative MAPK-activating protein PM14, putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 20, or TRAF2-binding protein (T2BP), is an adapter molecule that plays a key role in the activation of proinflammatory NF-kappa-B signaling following detection of bacterial pathogen-associated molecular pattern metabolites (PAMPs). It promotes activation of an innate immune response by inducing the oligomerization and polyubiquitination of TRAF6, which leads to the activation of TAK1 and IKK through a proteasome-independent mechanism. TIFA-dependent innate immune response is triggered by ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (ADP-heptose), a potent PAMP present in all Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria: ADP-heptose is recognized by ALPK1, which phosphorylates TIFA at Thr-9, leading to TIFA homooligomerization and subsequent activation of proinflammatory NF-kappa-B signaling. TIFA contains an FHA domain, which is a small phosphopeptide recognition module. |
Jiyao W et al.(2023). "The conserved domain database in 2023.",