Three panel illustration. Left – cross section of bone marrow and thymus. Center – six different immune cell types and autoantibodies. Right – Beta cells and other cell types seen in a pancreas lobule.

FIGURE 2.

Physiological Contributions to the Pathogenic Processes That Underlie Type 1 Diabetes.

A series of defects emanating from (A) the bone marrow and thymus, (B) immune system, and (C) beta cells collectively lead to loss of insulin production by autoimmune mechanisms. These actions are continuous throughout the natural history of type 1 diabetes. APC, anaphase-promoting complex; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; Teff, effector T cell; Treg, regulatory T cell.

SOURCE: Reference (22)

From: Genetics of Type 1 Diabetes

Cover of Diabetes in America
Diabetes in America [Internet].
Lawrence JM, Casagrande SS, Herman WH, et al., editors.
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