| Outcomes | No of Participants (studies) Follow up | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Relative effect (95% CI) | Anticipated absolute effects | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk with Control | Risk difference with ED closure versus 24 hour ED access (95% CI) | ||||
| Male ED visit rate |
14485 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of male ED visits in the control group was 130 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 10 fewer per 1000 (40 fewer to 20 more) |
| Female ED visit rate |
14244 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of female ED visits in the control group was 80 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 10 more per 1000 (10 fewer to 30 more) |
| Male admission rate |
14485 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of male admissions in the control group was 170 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 20 fewer per 1000 (60 fewer to 20 more) |
| Female admission rate |
14244 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of female admissions in the control group was 190 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 40 more per 1000 (40 fewer to 120 more) |
| Male in-person GP consultation rate |
14485 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of male in-person GP consultations in the control group was 2840 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 30 more per 1000 (420 fewer to 480 more) |
| Female in-person GP consultation rate |
14244 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of female in-person GP consultations in the control group was 3850 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 260 fewer per 1000 (610 fewer to 90 more) |
| Male telephone GP consultation rate |
14485 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of male telephone GP consultations in the control group was 1970 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 310 more per 1000 (90 fewer to 710 more) |
| Female telephone GP consultation rate |
14244 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of female telephone GP consultations in the control group was 3300 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 350 fewer per 1000 (820 fewer to 120 more) |
| Male home GP consultation rate |
14485 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of male home GP consultations in the control group was 150 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 40 more per 1000 (50 fewer to 130 more) |
| Female home GP consultation rate |
14244 (1 study) 1-2 years |
⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOWa due to risk of bias | - |
The mean final rate of female home GP consultations in the control group was 240 per 1000 |
The mean controlled change in the intervention group was 120 fewer per 1000 (230 to 10 fewer) |
Note: due to rounding data only accurate to the nearest 10 per 1000.
All non-randomised studies automatically downgraded due to selection bias. Studies may be further downgraded by 1 increment if other factors suggest additional high risk of bias, or 2 increments if other factors suggest additional very high risk of bias.
From: Chapter 16, Emergency department opening hours
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