Table 10.

Diagnostic Assessment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Function

ParasympatheticSympathetic
Resting heart rate
Beat to beat variation with deep breathing (E:I ratio)
30:15 heart rate ratio with standing
Valsalva ratio
Spectral analysis of heart rate variation , high frequency power (HFP 0.15-0.40 Hz)
Spectral Analysis of HRV respiratory frequency		Resting heart rate
Spectral analysis of heart rate variation, very low frequency power (VLFP 0.003-0.04)
Orthostasis BP
Hand grip BP
Cold pressor response
Sympathetic skin galvanic response (cholinergic)
Sudorimetry (cholinergic)
Cutaneous blood flow (peptidergic)

From: Diabetic Neuropathies

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