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Over the past 30 years, multidrug resistant enterococci have emerged as leading causes of hospital acquired infection. With the acquisition of resistance to vancomycin in the mid 1980’s many of these infections became extremely difficult to treat. To address this problem, researchers with an interest in various aspects of enterococcal biology have come together to consolidate much of what is known about this genus into a single text. Enterococci: From commensals to leading causes of drug resistant infection provides state-of-the-art summaries of what is known about 1) Their origins, distribution in nature and gut colonization, 2) Infection – history, incidence, and pathology, 3) Enterococci as indicators of contamination and in public policy, 4) Infection treatment and antibiotic resistance, 5) Pathogenesis and models of enterococcal infection, 6) Comparative enterococcal genomics, 7) Nature, maintenance and transmission of extrachromosomal elements, 8) Enterococcal phage and genome defense, 9) Transcriptional and post transcriptional control of enterococcal gene regulation, 10) Enterococcal cell wall components and structures, 11) Enterococcal biofilm structure and role in colonization and disease, 12) Metabolic and physiologic traits that contribute to the special biology of enterococci, and 13) Enterococcal bacteriocins and other bacterial factors that contribute to niche control.
Contents
- PrefaceCreated: February 24, 2014.
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Enterococcus Diversity, Origins in Nature, and Gut ColonizationFrancois Lebreton, Rob J. L. Willems, and Michael S. Gilmore.Created: February 2, 2014.
- Enterococcal Disease, Epidemiology, and Implications for TreatmentNelson I. Agudelo Higuita and Mark M Huycke.Created: February 4, 2014.
- Enterococci as Indicators of Environmental Fecal ContaminationAlexandria B. Boehm and Lauren M. Sassoubre.Created: February 5, 2014.
- Enterococcal Infection—Treatment and Antibiotic ResistanceChristopher J. Kristich, Louis B. Rice, and Cesar A. Arias.Created: February 6, 2014.
- Molecular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterococci
- Enterococci are Generous with Their Genes: Mobile Genetic Elements Enable Facile Horizontal Transfer and Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants Among Enterococci
- Enterococcal Infection: Strategies for, and Consequences of, Antibiotic Treatment
- References
- Pathogenesis and Models of Enterococcal InfectionDanielle A. Garsin, Kristi L. Frank, Jouko Silanpää, Frederick M. Ausubel, Axel Hartke, Nathan Shankar, and Barbara E. Murray.Created: February 7, 2014.
- Enterococcal GenomicsKelli L. Palmer, Willem van Schaik, Rob J. L. Willems, and Michael S. Gilmore.Created: February 8, 2014.
- Introduction
- Population structures of E. faecalis and E. faecium defined by MLST
- Early Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals the Existence of a Pathogenicity Island in E. faecalis
- The First Complete Enterococcal Genome, E. faecalis V583, and Comparison With OG1RF
- Dynamic E. faecalis Genomes and CRISPR-Cas Defense
- The Recombinogenic Nature of E. faecalis
- E. faecium Genome Sequencing
- Toward a Genome-Based Reconstruction of E. faecium Evolution
- Intraspecies Diversity of E. faecium
- Diversity in the E. faecium Accessory Genome: Plasmids, Phage and Genomic Islands
- Genomics of Other Enterococci
- Differences Between Enterococcal Species Revealed by Genomics
- Additional Genomic Applications: Metagenomics and Genome Resequencing
- Conclusion and Perspectives
- References
- Extrachromosomal and Mobile Elements in Enterococci: Transmission, Maintenance, and EpidemiologyDon B. Clewell, Keith E. Weaver, Gary M. Dunny, Teresa M. Coque, Maria Victoria Francia, and Finbarr Hayes.Created: February 9, 2014.
- Enterococcal Bacteriophages and Genome DefenseBreck A. Duerkop, Kelli L. Palmer, and Malcolm J. Horsburgh.Created: February 11, 2014.
- Distribution of phages across the enterococci
- Known phage families found among Enterococci
- Environments where enterococcal phages are found
- Enterococcal Temperate Phages and the Impact of Lysogeny
- Enterococcal Lytic Phages
- Enterococcal Genome Defense Mechanisms
- Perspectives and Future Directions
- Concluding Remarks
- References
- Transcriptional and Post Transcriptional Control of Enterococcal Gene RegulationSruti DebRoy, Peng Gao, Danielle A. Garsin, Barret R. Harvey, Veronica Kos, Ingolf F. Nes, and Margrete Solheim.Created: February 12, 2014.
- Enterococcal Cell Wall Components and StructuresLynn E. Hancock, Barbara E. Murray, and Jouko Sillanpää.Created: February 13, 2014.
- Enterococcal Biofilm Structure and Role in Colonization and DiseaseGary M. Dunny, Lynn E. Hancock, and Nathan Shankar.Created: February 14, 2014.
- The Physiology and Metabolism of EnterococciMatthew Ramsey, Axel Hartke, and Mark Huycke.Created: February 15, 2014.
- Enterococcal Bacteriocins and Antimicrobial Proteins that Contribute to Niche ControlIngolf F. Ness, Dzung B. Diep, and Yasuyoshi Ike.Created: February 16, 2014.
- NLM CatalogRelated NLM Catalog Entries
- Bacteriocin production augments niche competition by enterococci in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract.[Nature. 2015]Bacteriocin production augments niche competition by enterococci in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract.Kommineni S, Bretl DJ, Lam V, Chakraborty R, Hayward M, Simpson P, Cao Y, Bousounis P, Kristich CJ, Salzman NH. Nature. 2015 Oct 29; 526(7575):719-22. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
- Review The Physiology and Metabolism of Enterococci.[Enterococci: From Commensals t...]Review The Physiology and Metabolism of Enterococci.Ramsey M, Hartke A, Huycke M. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection. 2014
- Review Enterococcal Infection—Treatment and Antibiotic Resistance.[Enterococci: From Commensals t...]Review Enterococcal Infection—Treatment and Antibiotic Resistance.Kristich CJ, Rice LB, Arias CA. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection. 2014
- Review [Pathogenicity of Enterococci].[Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi. 2017]Review [Pathogenicity of Enterococci].Ike Y. Nihon Saikingaku Zasshi. 2017; 72(2):189-211.
- Review Enterococcal Disease, Epidemiology, and Implications for Treatment.[Enterococci: From Commensals t...]Review Enterococcal Disease, Epidemiology, and Implications for Treatment.Agudelo Higuita NI, Huycke MM. Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug Resistant Infection. 2014