Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation and damage to the colon's inner lining. Presently, conventional methods focus on regulating inflammation of the colon's lining, managing complications, and minimizing disease relapses. Nevertheless, these treatments have their own limitations. Nutritional supplementation has been known to play a decisive role in ameliorating UC. Thus, we hereby examined the prophylactic potential of a probiotic cocktail in amelioration of intestinal inflammation. DSS administration in rats resulted in a clear significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobiota and significant increase in the Patescibacteria. Probiotic combined with DSS treatment up-regulated the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteriodetes, Verrucomicrobiota and Patescibacteria but showed no statistical difference. Among these, genera such as Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Ligilactobacillus, Rombutsia, Clostridia_UCG-014, HT002, Prevotella_9 and RF39 decreased significantly after DSS treatment. At genus level, probiotic treatment Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group increased significantly in the D-PB group as compared with DSS rats. FMAP generated significantly noticeable differences between functional potential encoded among different groups, mainly downregulated amino acid metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism, Energy metabolism, Metabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins, and Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism and upregulated pathway of Metabolism of other amino acids in Probiotic group as compared to DSS group.
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