Phosphoinositol 3-phosphate binding proteins 1, 2, and 3 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PEPP1 (also called PLEKHA4/PH domain-containing family A member 4 and RHOXF1/Rhox homeobox family member 1), and related homologs PEPP2 (also called PLEKHA5/PH domain-containing family A member 5) and PEPP3 (also called PLEKHA6/PH domain-containing family A member 6), have PH domains that interact specifically with PtdIns(3,4)P3. Other proteins that bind PtdIns(3,4)P3 specifically are: TAPP1 (tandem PH-domain-containing protein-1) and TAPP2], PtdIns3P AtPH1, and Ptd- Ins(3,5)P2 (centaurin-beta2). All of these proteins contain at least 5 of the 6 conserved amino acids that make up the putative phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate-binding motif (PPBM) located at their N-terminus. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  165 RNPNAPVVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNM 244
Cdd:cd13248      1 RDPNAPVVMSGWLHKQGGSGLKNWRKRWFVLKDNCLYYYKDPEEEKALGSILLPSYTISPAPPSDEISRKFAFKAEHANM 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAA 268
Cdd:cd13248     81 RTYYFAADTAEEMEQWMNAMSLAA 104

Uncharacterized conserved protein YhaN, contains AAA domain [Function unknown];

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  697 SALRPQLYQQLSQDecRGTLYKYRPEEVDIDakLSRLCEQDKVVRALEEKLQQLHKekytLEQALLSASQEIEMNADNPA 776
Cdd:COG4717     41 AFIRAMLLERLEKE--ADELFKPQGRKPELN--LKELKELEEELKEAEEKEEEYAE----LQEELEELEEELEELEAELE 112

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  777 AIQTVVLQRDDLQNgLLSTCRELSRATAELERAWREYDKLEYDVTVTRNQMQDQLDRLGEVQSESAGIQRAQIQKEL--- 853
Cdd:COG4717    113 ELREELEKLEKLLQ-LLPLYQELEALEAELAELPERLEELEERLEELRELEEELEELEAELAELQEELEELLEQLSLate 191

                          170       180
                   ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1958768107  854 WRIQDVMEGLSKHKQQRGSSETGLA 878
Cdd:COG4717    192 EELQDLAEELEELQQRLAELEEELE 216

Phosphoinositol 3-phosphate binding proteins 1, 2, and 3 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PEPP1 (also called PLEKHA4/PH domain-containing family A member 4 and RHOXF1/Rhox homeobox family member 1), and related homologs PEPP2 (also called PLEKHA5/PH domain-containing family A member 5) and PEPP3 (also called PLEKHA6/PH domain-containing family A member 6), have PH domains that interact specifically with PtdIns(3,4)P3. Other proteins that bind PtdIns(3,4)P3 specifically are: TAPP1 (tandem PH-domain-containing protein-1) and TAPP2], PtdIns3P AtPH1, and Ptd- Ins(3,5)P2 (centaurin-beta2). All of these proteins contain at least 5 of the 6 conserved amino acids that make up the putative phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate-binding motif (PPBM) located at their N-terminus. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  165 RNPNAPVVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNM 244
Cdd:cd13248      1 RDPNAPVVMSGWLHKQGGSGLKNWRKRWFVLKDNCLYYYKDPEEEKALGSILLPSYTISPAPPSDEISRKFAFKAEHANM 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAA 268
Cdd:cd13248     81 RTYYFAADTAEEMEQWMNAMSLAA 104

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDE---KEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFK---AAHPNM 244
Cdd:pfam00169    1 VVKEGWLLKKGGGKKKSWKKRYFVLFDGSLLYYKDDksgKSKEPKGSISLSGCEVVEVVASDSPKRKFCFElrtGERTGK 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:pfam00169   81 RTYLLQAESEEERKDWIKAIQSA 103

Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other peptide recognition proteins such as antibodies and receptors; WW domains have a single groove formed by a conserved Trp and Tyr which recognizes a pair of residues of the sequence X-Pro; variable loops and neighboring domains confer specificity in this domain; there are five distinct groups based on binding: 1) PPXY motifs 2) the PPLP motif; 3) PGM motifs; 4) PSP or PTP motifs; 5) PR motifs.

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107   60 PTGWEEAYTFEGARYYINHNERKVTCKHPV 89
Cdd:cd00201      1 PPGWEERWDPDGRVYYYNHNTKETQWEDPR 30

WW domain; The WW domain is a protein module with two highly conserved tryptophans that binds proline-rich peptide motifs in vitro.

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107   13 LPRSWTYGITRGGRVFFINEEAKSTTWLHP 42
Cdd:pfam00397    1 LPPGWEERWDPDGRVYYYNHETGETQWEKP 30

chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type; SMC (structural maintenance of chromosomes) proteins bind DNA and act in organizing and segregating chromosomes for partition. SMC proteins are found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. This family represents the SMC protein of most bacteria. The smc gene is often associated with scpB (TIGR00281) and scpA genes, where scp stands for segregation and condensation protein. SMC was shown (in Caulobacter crescentus) to be induced early in S phase but present and bound to DNA throughout the cell cycle. [Cellular processes, Cell division, DNA metabolism, Chromosome-associated proteins]

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  726 IDAKLSRLCEQDKVVRALEEKLQQLHKEKY-------TLEQALLSASQEIEMNADNPAAIQTvvlQRDDLQNGLLSTCRE 798
Cdd:TIGR02168  262 LQELEEKLEELRLEVSELEEEIEELQKELYalaneisRLEQQKQILRERLANLERQLEELEA---QLEELESKLDELAEE 338

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  799 LSRATAELERAWREYDKLEYDVTVTRNQMQDQLDRLGEVQ-------SESAGI--QRAQIQKELWRIQDVMEGLsKHKQQ 869
Cdd:TIGR02168  339 LAELEEKLEELKEELESLEAELEELEAELEELESRLEELEeqletlrSKVAQLelQIASLNNEIERLEARLERL-EDRRE 417

                          170       180       190       200       210
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1958768107  870 RGSSETGLAGPKPFPAVKYKSEGpdyRLYKSEPEL-TTVAEVDESNGEEKSEPASEAEA 927
Cdd:TIGR02168  418 RLQQEIEELLKKLEEAELKELQA---ELEELEEELeELQEELERLEEALEELREELEEA 473

Phosphoinositol 3-phosphate binding proteins 1, 2, and 3 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PEPP1 (also called PLEKHA4/PH domain-containing family A member 4 and RHOXF1/Rhox homeobox family member 1), and related homologs PEPP2 (also called PLEKHA5/PH domain-containing family A member 5) and PEPP3 (also called PLEKHA6/PH domain-containing family A member 6), have PH domains that interact specifically with PtdIns(3,4)P3. Other proteins that bind PtdIns(3,4)P3 specifically are: TAPP1 (tandem PH-domain-containing protein-1) and TAPP2], PtdIns3P AtPH1, and Ptd- Ins(3,5)P2 (centaurin-beta2). All of these proteins contain at least 5 of the 6 conserved amino acids that make up the putative phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5- trisphosphate-binding motif (PPBM) located at their N-terminus. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  165 RNPNAPVVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNM 244
Cdd:cd13248      1 RDPNAPVVMSGWLHKQGGSGLKNWRKRWFVLKDNCLYYYKDPEEEKALGSILLPSYTISPAPPSDEISRKFAFKAEHANM 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAA 268
Cdd:cd13248     81 RTYYFAADTAEEMEQWMNAMSLAA 104

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  173 RRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEG--ILGSILLPSfqIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNMRTYYFC 250
Cdd:cd00821      1 KEGYLLKRGGGGLKSWKKRWFVLFEGVLLYYKSKKDSSykPKGSIPLSG--ILEVEEVSPKERPHCFELVTPDGRTYYLQ 78

                           90
                   ....*....|....
gi 1958768107  251 TDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd00821     79 ADSEEERQEWLKAL 92

PH domain; PH stands for pleckstrin homology.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDE---KEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFK---AAHPNM 244
Cdd:pfam00169    1 VVKEGWLLKKGGGKKKSWKKRYFVLFDGSLLYYKDDksgKSKEPKGSISLSGCEVVEVVASDSPKRKFCFElrtGERTGK 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:pfam00169   81 RTYLLQAESEEERKDWIKAIQSA 103

Rho GTPase activating protein 25 and related proteins Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; RhoGAP25 (also called ArhGap25) like other RhoGaps are involved in cell polarity, cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. They act as GTPase activators for the Rac-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state and control actin remodeling by inactivating Rac downstream of Rho leading to suppress leading edge protrusion and promotes cell retraction to achieve cellular polarity and are able to suppress RAC1 and CDC42 activity in vitro. Overexpression of these proteins induces cell rounding with partial or complete disruption of actin stress fibers and formation of membrane ruffles, lamellipodia, and filopodia. This hierarchy contains RhoGAP22, RhoGAP24, and RhoGAP25. Members here contain an N-terminal PH domain followed by a RhoGAP domain and either a BAR or TATA Binding Protein (TBP) Associated Factor 4 (TAF4) domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQDSTgMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAF--------KAAHP 242
Cdd:cd13263      3 PIKSGWLKKQGSI-VKNWQQRWFVLRGDQLYYYKDEDDTKPQGTIPLPGNKVKEVPFNPEEPGKFLFeiipggggDRMTS 81

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|..
gi 1958768107  243 NMRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13263     82 NHDSYLLMANSQAEMEEWVKVI 103

Rho GTPase activating protein 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; RhoGAP2 (also called RhoGap22 or ArhGap22) are involved in cell polarity, cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. They activate a GTPase belonging to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. The encoded protein is insulin-responsive, is dependent on the kinase Akt, and requires the Akt-dependent 14-3-3 binding protein which binds sequentially to two serine residues resulting in regulation of cell motility. Members here contain an N-terminal PH domain followed by a RhoGAP domain and either a BAR or TATA Binding Protein (TBP) Associated Factor 4 (TAF4) domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  170 PVVRRGWLYKQDSTgMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAF---------KAA 240
Cdd:cd13378      2 GVLKAGWLKKQRSI-MKNWQQRWFVLRGDQLFYYKDEEETKPQGCISLQGSQVNELPPNPEEPGKHLFeilpggagdREK 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1958768107  241 HP-NMRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13378     81 VPmNHEAFLLMANSQSDMEDWVKAI 105

Connector enhancer of KSR (Kinase suppressor of ras) (CNK) pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; CNK family members function as protein scaffolds, regulating the activity and the subcellular localization of RAS activated RAF. There is a single CNK protein present in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans in contrast to mammals which have 3 CNK proteins (CNK1, CNK2, and CNK3). All of the CNK members contain a sterile a motif (SAM), a conserved region in CNK (CRIC) domain, and a PSD-95/DLG-1/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain, and a PH domain. A CNK2 splice variant CNK2A also has a PDZ domain-binding motif at its C terminus and Drosophila CNK (D-CNK) also has a domain known as the Raf-interacting region (RIR) that mediates binding of the Drosophila Raf kinase. This cd contains CNKs from insects, spiders, mollusks, and nematodes. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  175 GWLYKQ--DSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMltAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNMrTYYFCTD 252
Cdd:cd13326      3 GWLYQRrrKGKGGGKWAKRWFVLKGSNLYGFRSQESTKADCVIFLPGFTVSP--APEVKSRKYAFKVYHTGT-VFYFAAE 79

                           90
                   ....*....|..
gi 1958768107  253 TGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13326     80 SQEDMKKWLDLL 91

Sesquipedalian family Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; The sesquipedalian family has 2 mammalian members: Ses1 and Ses2, which are also callled 7 kDa inositol polyphosphate phosphatase-interacting protein 1 and 2. They play a role in endocytic trafficking and are required for receptor recycling from endosomes, both to the trans-Golgi network and the plasma membrane. Members of this family form homodimers and heterodimers. Sesquipedalian interacts with inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1 (INPP5F) also known as Lowe oculocerebrorenal syndrome protein, a phosphatase enzyme that is involved in actin polymerization and is found in the trans-Golgi network and INPP5B. Sesquipedalian contains a single PH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  168 NAPVVRRGWLYKQDSTGmKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDhinrKYAFKA--AHPNMR 245
Cdd:cd13288      5 NSPVDKEGYLWKKGERN-TSYQKRWFVLKGNLLFYFEKKGDREPLGVIVLEGCTVELAEDAE----PYAFAIrfDGPGAR 79

                           90
                   ....*....|....*...
gi 1958768107  246 TYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKA 263
Cdd:cd13288     80 SYVLAAENQEDMESWMKA 97

Myosin phosphatase-RhoA Interacting Protein Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; M-RIP is proposed to play a role in myosin phosphatase regulation by RhoA. M-RIP contains 2 PH domains followed by a Rho binding domain (Rho-BD), and a C-terminal myosin binding subunit (MBS) binding domain (MBS-BD). The amino terminus of M-RIP with its adjacent PH domains and polyproline motifs mediates binding to both actin and Galpha. M-RIP brings RhoA and MBS into close proximity where M-RIP can target RhoA to the myosin phosphatase complex to regulate the myosin phosphorylation state. M-RIP does this via its C-terminal coiled-coil domain which interacts with the MBS leucine zipper domain of myosin phosphatase, while its Rho-BD, directly binds RhoA in a nucleotide-independent manner. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1958768107  173 RRGWLYKQDSTGmKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEK--EEGIL-GSILLPsfQIAMLTAEDhINRKYAF 237
Cdd:cd13275      1 KKGWLMKQGSRQ-GEWSKHWFVLRGAALKYYRDPSaeEAGELdGVIDLS--SCTEVTELP-VSRNYGF 64

Tandem PH-domain-containing proteins 1 and 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminal repeat; The binding of TAPP1 (also called PLEKHA1/pleckstrin homology domain containing, family A (phosphoinositide binding specific) member 1) and TAPP2 (also called PLEKHA2) adaptors to PtdIns(3,4)P(2), but not PI(3,4, 5)P3, function as negative regulators of insulin and PI3K signalling pathways (i.e. TAPP/utrophin/syntrophin complex). TAPP1 and TAPP2 contain two sequential PH domains in which the C-terminal PH domain specifically binds PtdIns(3,4)P2 with high affinity. The N-terminal PH domain does not interact with any phosphoinositide tested. They also contain a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif that interacts with several PDZ-binding proteins, including PTPN13 (known previously as PTPL1 or FAP-1) as well as the scaffolding proteins MUPP1 (multiple PDZ-domain-containing protein 1), syntrophin and utrophin. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  164 KRNPNAPVVRRGWLYKQDSTgMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQ-IAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHP 242
Cdd:cd13271      1 RQRAGRNVIKSGYCVKQGAV-RKNWKRRFFILDDNTISYYKSETDKEPLRTIPLREVLkVHECLVKSLLMRDNLFEIITT 79

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1958768107  243 NmRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:cd13271     80 S-RTFYIQADSPEEMHSWIKAISGA 103

Evectin Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; There are 2 members of the evectin family (also called pleckstrin homology domain containing, family B): evt-1 (also called PLEKHB1) and evt-2 (also called PLEKHB2). evt-1 is specific to the nervous system, where it is expressed in photoreceptors and myelinating glia. evt-2 is widely expressed in both neural and nonneural tissues. Evectins possess a single N-terminal PH domain and a C-terminal hydrophobic region. evt-1 is thought to function as a mediator of post-Golgi trafficking in cells that produce large membrane-rich organelles. It is a candidate gene for the inherited human retinopathy autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and a susceptibility gene for multiple sclerosis. evt-2 is essential for retrograde endosomal membrane transport from the plasma membrane (PM) to the Golgi. Two membrane trafficking pathways pass through recycling endosomes: a recycling pathway and a retrograde pathway that links the PM to the Golgi/ER. Its PH domain that is unique in that it specifically recognizes phosphatidylserine (PS), but not polyphosphoinositides. PS is an anionic phospholipid class in eukaryotic biomembranes, is highly enriched in the PM, and plays key roles in various physiological processes such as the coagulation cascade, recruitment and activation of signaling molecules, and clearance of apoptotic cells. PH domains are only found in eukaryotes. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  170 PVVRRGWLYKQdSTGMKLWKKRWFVL-SDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHinRKYAFKAAHPNM---- 244
Cdd:cd13265      2 ALVKSGWLLRQ-STILKRWKKNWFVLyGDGNLVYYEDETRREVEGRINMPRECRNIRVGLEC--RDVQPPEGRSRDcllq 78

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1958768107  245 ------RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:cd13265     79 ivlrdgSTLFLCAESADDALAWKLALQDA 107

Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factors 1 and 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; RasGRF1 (also called GRF1; CDC25Mm/Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor CDC25; GNRP/Guanine nucleotide-releasing protein) and RasGRF2 (also called GRF2; Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2) are a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). They both promote the exchange of Ras-bound GDP by GTP, thereby regulating the RAS signaling pathway. RasGRF1 and RasGRF2 form homooligomers and heterooligomers. GRF1 has 3 isoforms and GRF2 has 2 isoforms. The longest isoforms of RasGRF1 and RasGRF2 contain the following domains: a Rho-GEF domain sandwiched between 2 PH domains, IQ domains, a REM (Ras exchanger motif) domain, and a Ras-GEF domainwhich gives them the capacity to activate both Ras and Rac GTPases in response to signals from a variety of neurotransmitter receptors. Their IQ domains allow them to act as calcium sensors to mediate the actions of NMDA-type and calcium-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors. GRF1 also mediates the action of dopamine receptors that signal through cAMP. GRF1 and GRF2 play strikingly different roles in regulating MAP kinase family members, neuronal synaptic plasticity, specific forms of learning and memory, and behavioral responses to psychoactive drugs. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  173 RRGWLYKQDSTGMKlWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPS-------FQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAA--HPN 243
Cdd:cd13261      7 KRGYLSKKTSDSGK-WHERWFALYQNLLFYFENESSSRPSGLYLLEGcycerlpTPKGALKGKDHLEKQHYFTISfrHEN 85

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  244 MRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAA----LVQTE 273
Cdd:cd13261     86 QRQYELRAETESDCDEWVEAIKQASfnklLLQKE 119

KIFIA and KIFIB protein pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; The kinesin-3 family motors KIFIA (Caenorhabditis elegans homolog unc-104) and KIFIB transport synaptic vesicle precursors that contain synaptic vesicle proteins, such as synaptophysin, synaptotagmin and the small GTPase RAB3A, but they do not transport organelles that contain plasma membrane proteins. They have a N-terminal motor domain, followed by a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal PH domain. KIF1A adopts a monomeric form in vitro, but acts as a processive dimer in vivo. KIF1B has alternatively spliced isoforms distinguished by the presence or absence of insertion sequences in the conserved amino-terminal region of the protein; this results in their different motor activities. KIF1A and KIF1B bind to RAB3 proteins through the adaptor protein mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) -activating death domain (MADD; also calledDENN), which was first identified as a RAB3 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  165 RNPNapVVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKlWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTA-EDHINRKYAFkAAHPN 243
Cdd:cd01233      2 KSPV--VSKRGYLLFLEDATDG-WVRRWVVLRRPYLHIYSSEKDGDERGVINLSTARVEYSPDqEALLGRPNVF-AVYTP 77

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|.
gi 1958768107  244 MRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd01233     78 TNSYLLQARSEKEMQDWLYAI 98

FERM, RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 1 and related proteins Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, repeat 2; Members here include FARP1 (also called Chondrocyte-derived ezrin-like protein; PH domain-containing family C member 2), FARP2 (also called FIR/FERM domain including RhoGEF; FGD1-related Cdc42-GEF/FRG), and FARP6 (also called Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 24). They are members of the Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which are upstream positive regulators of Rho GTPases. Little is known about FARP1 and FARP6, though FARP1 has increased expression in differentiated chondrocytes. FARP2 is thought to regulate neurite remodeling by mediating the signaling pathways from membrane proteins to Rac. It is found in brain, lung, and testis, as well as embryonic hippocampal and cortical neurons. FARP1 and FARP2 are composed of a N-terminal FERM domain, a proline-rich (PR) domain, Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains. FARP6 is composed of Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains separated by a FYVE domain. This hierarchy contains the second PH repeat. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  188 WKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNmRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWM 261
Cdd:cd13235     19 WQKLWVVFTNFCLFFYKSHQDEFPLASLPLLGYSVGLPSEADNIDKDYVFKLQFKS-HVYFFRAESEYTFERWM 91

Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein family Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Skap adaptor proteins couple receptors to cytoskeletal rearrangements. Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein of 55 kDa (Skap55)/Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 1 (Skap1), Skap2, and Skap-homology (Skap-hom) have an N-terminal coiled-coil conformation, a central PH domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. Their PH domains bind 3'-phosphoinositides as well as directly affecting targets such as in Skap55 where it directly affecting integrin regulation by ADAP and NF-kappaB activation or in Skap-hom where the dimerization and PH domains comprise a 3'-phosphoinositide-gated molecular switch that controls ruffle formation. PH domains are only found in eukaryotes. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQD---STGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRK-YAFKAAHPNMRT 246
Cdd:cd13266      1 VIKAGYLEKRRkdhSFFGSEWQKRWCAISKNVFYYYGSDKDKQQKGEFAINGYDVRMNPTLRKDGKKdCCFELVCPDKRT 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  247 YYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAALV 270
Cdd:cd13266     81 YQFTAASPEDAEDWVDQISFILQD 104

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain containing, family H (with MyTH4 domain) members 1 and 2 (PLEKHH1) PH domain, repeat 1; PLEKHH1 and PLEKHH2 (also called PLEKHH1L) are thought to function in phospholipid binding and signal transduction. There are 3 Human PLEKHH genes: PLEKHH1, PLEKHH2, and PLEKHH3. There are many isoforms, the longest of which contain a FERM domain, a MyTH4 domain, two PH domains, a peroximal domain, a vacuolar domain, and a coiled coil stretch. The FERM domain has a cloverleaf tripart structure (FERM_N, FERM_M, FERM_C/N, alpha-, and C-lobe/A-lobe, B-lobe, C-lobe/F1, F2, F3). The C-lobe/F3 within the FERM domain is part of the PH domain family. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  173 RRGWLYKQDSTgMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEG--ILGSILL------------PSFQIamltaedhINRKyafk 238
Cdd:cd13282      1 KAGYLTKLGGK-VKTWKRRWFVLKNGELFYYKSPNDVIrkPQGQIALdgsceiaraegaQTFEI--------VTEK---- 67

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  239 aahpnmRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAALVQT 272
Cdd:cd13282     68 ------RTYYLTADSENDLDEWIRVIQNVLRRQA 95

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins 5 and 6 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. The specific function of FGD6 is unknown. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  175 GWLYKQDSTGmKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNMRTYYFCTDTG 254
Cdd:cd13237      3 GYLQRRKKSK-KSWKRLWFVLKDKVLYTYKASEDVVALESVPLLGFTVVTIDESFEEDESLVFQLLHKGQLPIIFRADDA 81

                           90
                   ....*....|
gi 1958768107  255 KEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13237     82 ETAQRWIEAL 91

Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein homolog and Skap 2 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Adaptor protein Skap-hom, a homolog of Skap55, which interacts with actin and with ADAP (adhesion and degranulation promoting adapter protein) undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation in response to plating of bone marrow-derived macrophages on fibronectin. Skap-hom has an N-terminal coiled-coil conformation that is involved in homodimer formation, a central PH domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain that associates with ADAP. The Skap-hom PH domain regulates intracellular targeting; its interaction with the DM domain inhibits Skap-hom actin-based ruffles in macrophages and its binding to 3'-phosphoinositides reverses this autoinhibition. The Skap-hom PH domain binds PI[3,4]P2 and PI[3,4,5]P3, but not to PI[3]P, PI[5]P, or PI[4,5]P2. Skap2 is a downstream target of Heat shock transcription factor 4 (HSF4) and functions in the regulation of actin reorganization during lens differentiation. It is thought that SKAP2 anchors the complex of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 2 (NCK20/focal adhesion to fibroblast growth factor receptors at the lamellipodium in lens epithelial cells. Skap2 has an N-terminal coiled-coil conformation which interacts with the SH2 domain of NCK2, a central PH domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain that associates with ADAP (adhesion and degranulation promoting adapter protein)/FYB (the Fyn binding protein). Skap2 PH domain binds to membrane lipids. Skap adaptor proteins couple receptors to cytoskeletal rearrangements. Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein of 55 kDa (Skap55)/Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 1 (Skap1), Skap2, and Skap-hom have an N-terminal coiled-coil conformation, a central PH domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. Their PH domains bind 3'-phosphoinositides as well as directly affecting targets such as in Skap55 where it directly affecting integrin regulation by ADAP and NF-kappaB activation or in Skap-hom where the dimerization and PH domains comprise a 3'-phosphoinositide-gated molecular switch that controls ruffle formation. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQDSTGMKL---WKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAML-TAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNMRT 246
Cdd:cd13381      1 VLKAGYLEKRRKDHSFFgfeWQKRWCALSNSVFYYYGSDKDKQQKGEFAIDGYDVKMNnTLRKDAKKDCCFEICAPDKRV 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|.
gi 1958768107  247 YYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:cd13381     81 YQFTAASPKEAEEWVQQIKFI 101

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Budding yeast contain two main p21-activated kinases (PAKs), Cla4 and Ste20. The yeast Ste20 protein kinase is involved in pheromone response, though the function of Ste20 mammalian homologs is unknown. Cla4 is involved in budding and cytokinesis and interacts with Cdc42, a GTPase required for polarized cell growth as is Pak. Cla4 and Ste20 kinases share a function in localizing cell growth with respect to the septin ring. They both contain a PH domain, a Cdc42/Rac interactive binding (CRIB) domain, and a C-terminal Protein Kinase catalytic (PKc) domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWL-YKQDSTGMKLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSfqIAMLTAEDhiNRKYAFKAAH-PNMRTYY 248
Cdd:cd13279      1 VVKSGWVsVKEDGLLSFRWSKRYLVLREQSLDFYKNESSSSASLSIPLKD--ISNVSRTD--LKPYCFEIVRkSSTKSIY 76

                           90
                   ....*....|...
gi 1958768107  249 FCTDTGKEMELWM 261
Cdd:cd13279     77 ISVKSDDELYDWM 89

RAS p21 protein activator (GTPase activating protein) 1 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; RASA1 (also called RasGap1 or p120) is a member of the RasGAP family of GTPase-activating proteins. RASA1 contains N-terminal SH2-SH3-SH2 domains, followed by two C2 domains, a PH domain, a RasGAP domain, and a BTK domain. Splice variants lack the N-terminal domains. It is a cytosolic vertebrate protein that acts as a suppressor of RAS via its C-terminal GAP domain function, enhancing the weak intrinsic GTPase activity of RAS proteins resulting in the inactive GDP-bound form of RAS, allowing control of cellular proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, it is involved in mitogenic signal transmission towards downstream interacting partners through its N-terminal SH2-SH3-SH2 domains. RASA1 interacts with a number of proteins including: G3BP1, SOCS3, ANXA6, Huntingtin, KHDRBS1, Src, EPHB3, EPH receptor B2, Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, PTK2B, DOK1, PDGFRB, HCK, Caveolin 2, DNAJA3, HRAS, GNB2L1 and NCK1. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  170 PVVRRGWLYKQdSTGMKLWKKRWFVL--SDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTaEDHINRKYAFK---AAHPNM 244
Cdd:cd13260      2 GIDKKGYLLKK-GGKNKKWKNLYFVLegKEQHLYFFDNEKRTKPKGLIDLSYCSLYPVH-DSLFGRPNCFQivvRALNES 79

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  245 RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13260     80 TITYLCADTAELAQEWMRAL 99

Grb2-associated binding protein family pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; The Gab subfamily includes several Gab proteins, Drosophila DOS and C. elegans SOC-1. They are scaffolding adaptor proteins, which possess N-terminal PH domains and a C-terminus with proline-rich regions and multiple phosphorylation sites. Following activation of growth factor receptors, Gab proteins are tyrosine phosphorylated and activate PI3K, which generates 3-phosphoinositide lipids. By binding to these lipids via the PH domain, Gab proteins remain in proximity to the receptor, leading to further signaling. While not all Gab proteins depend on the PH domain for recruitment, it is required for Gab activity. Members here include insect, nematodes, and crustacean Gab2s. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  171 VVRRGWLYKQDSTG---MKLWKKRWFVL------SDLCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPsfQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAH 241
Cdd:cd13384      3 VVYEGWLTKSPPEKriwRAKWRRRYFVLrqseipGQYFLEYYTDRTCRKLKGSIDLD--QCEQVDAGLTFETKNKLKDQH 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1958768107  242 -----PNMRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13384     81 ifdirTPKRTYYLVADTEDEMNKWVNCI 108

Myosin X Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2; MyoX, a MyTH-FERM myosin, is a molecular motor that has crucial functions in the transport and/or tethering of integrins in the actin-based extensions known as filopodia, microtubule binding, and in netrin-mediated axon guidance. It functions as a dimer. MyoX walks on bundles of actin, rather than single filaments, unlike the other unconventional myosins. MyoX is present in organisms ranging from humans to choanoflagellates, but not in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans.MyoX consists of a N-terminal motor/head region, a neck made of 3 IQ motifs, and a tail consisting of a coiled-coil domain, a PEST region, 3 PH domains, a myosin tail homology 4 (MyTH4), and a FERM domain at its very C-terminus. The first PH domain in the MyoX tail is a split-PH domain, interupted by the second PH domain such that PH 1a and PH 1b flanks PH 2. The third PH domain (PH 3) follows the PH 1b domain. This cd contains the second PH repeat. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  175 GWLYKQDStGM-----KLWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYR-DEKEEGILGSILLPSfqiAMLTAEDHiNRKYAFKAAHPNmRTYY 248
Cdd:cd13296      3 GWLTKKGG-GSstlsrRNWKSRWFVLRDTVLKYYEnDQEGEKLLGTIDIRS---AKEIVDND-PKENRLSITTEE-RTYH 76

                           90
                   ....*....|....*.
gi 1958768107  249 FCTDTGKEMELWMKAM 264
Cdd:cd13296     77 LVAESPEDASQWVNVL 92

Phospholipase D pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PLD hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid (PtdOH), which can bind target proteins. PLD contains a PH domain, a PX domain and four conserved PLD signature domains. The PLD PH domain is specific for bisphosphorylated inositides. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  158 KRSNSIKRNpnapvvRRGWLYKQDSTGMK-LWKKRWFVLSDLCLFYYRDeKEEGILGSILL--PSFQIAMLTAEDHINRK 234
Cdd:cd01254     32 KRSGGHRQG------WRVCHFYCCCKAMCgRWSKRWFIVKDSFLAYVKD-PDSGAILDVFLfdQEFKVSRGGKETKYGSR 104

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958768107  235 YAFKAAhpNM-RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDA 267
Cdd:cd01254    105 HGLKIT--NLsRKLKLKCKSERKAKQWVESIEEA 136

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, C-terminus; In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by an N-terminal PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activates the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the N-terminal PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. Not much is known about FGD2. FGD1 is the best characterized member of the group with mutations here leading to the X-linked disorder known as faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY). Both FGD1 and FGD3 are targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP) upon phosphorylation of two serine residues in its DSGIDS motif and subsequently degraded by the proteasome. However, FGD1 and FGD3 induced significantly different morphological changes in HeLa Tet-Off cells and while FGD1 induced long finger-like protrusions, FGD3 induced broad sheet-like protrusions when the level of GTP-bound Cdc42 was significantly increased by the inducible expression of FGD3. They also reciprocally regulated cell motility in inducibly expressed in HeLa Tet-Off cells, FGD1 stimulated cell migration while FGD3 inhibited it. FGD1 and FGD3 therefore play different roles to regulate cellular functions, even though their intracellular levels are tightly controlled by the same destruction pathway through SCF(FWD1/beta-TrCP). FGD4 is one of the genes associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 4 (CMT4), a group of progressive motor and sensory axonal and demyelinating neuropathies that are distinguished from other forms of CMT by autosomal recessive inheritance. Those affected have distal muscle weakness and atrophy associated with sensory loss and, frequently, pes cavus foot deformity. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  186 KLWKKRWFVLSD---LCLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILLPSFQIAMLTAEDHINRKYAFKAAHPNmRTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMK 262
Cdd:cd13236     21 KTWQKVWCVIPRtepLVLYLYGAPQDVRAQRTIPLPGCEVTVPPPEERLDGRHVFKLSQSK-QSHYFSAESEELQQRWLE 99

                   ....*.
gi 1958768107  263 AMLDAA 268
Cdd:cd13236    100 ALSRAA 105

Pleckstrin homology-like domain-containing family B member 2 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PHLDB2 (also called LL5beta) and PHLDB1 (also called LL5alpha) are cytoskeleton- and membrane-associated proteins. PHLDB2 has been identified as a key component of the synaptic podosomes that play an important role in in postsynaptic maturation. Both are large proteins containing an N-terminal pleckstrin (PH) domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958768107  174 RGWLYKQDSTgMKLWKKRWFVLSDL--CLFYYRDEKEEGILGSILlpsFQIAMLTAEDHINRkyAFKAAHPNM------- 244
Cdd:cd14673      6 RGFLTKMGGK-IKTWKKRWFVFDRNkrTLSYYVDKHEKKLKGVIY---FQAIEEVYYDHLRS--AAKSPNPALtfcvkth 79

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1958768107  245 -RTYYFCTDTGKEMELWMKAMLDAA 268
Cdd:cd14673     80 dRLYYMVAPSPEAMRIWMDVIVTGA 104