Ankyrin repeat [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVAL 57
Cdd:COG0666   152 DGNTPLHLAAANGNLEIVKLLLEAGADVNARDNDGETPLHLAAENGHLEIVKL 204

Ankyrin repeat [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVAL 57
Cdd:COG0666   152 DGNTPLHLAAANGNLEIVKLLLEAGADVNARDNDGETPLHLAAENGHLEIVKL 204

Sterile alpha motif; Widespread domain in signalling and nuclear proteins. In EPH-related tyrosine kinases, appears to mediate cell-cell initiated signal transduction via the binding of SH2-containing proteins to a conserved tyrosine that is phosphorylated. In many cases mediates homodimerisation.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1958658085  259 PYSGPQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLT-ESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAI 318
Cdd:smart00454   2 SQWSPESVADWLESIGLEQYADNFRKNGIDGALLLLLTsEEDLKELGITKLGHRKKILKAI 62

ankyrin repeats; Ankyrin repeats are about 33 amino acids long and occur in at least four consecutive copies. They are involved in protein-protein interactions. The core of the repeat seems to be an helix-loop-helix structure.

                           10        20
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1958658085    5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVD 33
Cdd:smart00248   1 DGRTPLHLAAENGNLEVVKLLLDKGADIN 29

SAM domain of BICC1 (bicaudal) subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of BICC1 (bicaudal) subfamily is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this group have N-terminal K homology RNA-binding vigilin-like repeats and a C-terminal SAM domain. BICC1 is involved in the regulation of embryonic differentiation. It plays a role in the regulation of Dvl (Dishevelled) signaling, particularly in the correct cilia orientation and nodal flow generation. In Drosophila, disruption of BICC1 can disturb the normal migration direction of the anterior follicle cell of oocytes; the specific function of SAM is to recruit whole protein to the periphery of P-bodies. In mammals, mutations in this gene are associated with polycystic kidney disease and it was suggested that the BICC1 protein can indirectly interact with ANKS6 protein (ANKS6 is also associated with polycystic kidney disease) through some protein and RNA intermediates.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958658085 260 YSGPQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAIA 319
Cdd:cd09520     1 SAKYSDLPELLAKLGLEKYIDLFAQQEIDLQTFLTLTDQDLKELGITAFGARRKMLLAIS 60

Ankyrin repeat [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVAL 57
Cdd:COG0666   152 DGNTPLHLAAANGNLEIVKLLLEAGADVNARDNDGETPLHLAAENGHLEIVKL 204

Ankyrin repeat [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVALMETH 61
Cdd:COG0666   185 DGETPLHLAAENGHLEIVKLLLEAGADVNAKDNDGKTALDLAAENGNLEIVKLLLEA 241

Ankyrin repeat [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVALM 58
Cdd:COG0666   119 DGETPLHLAAYNGNLEIVKLLLEAGADVNAQDNDGNTPLHLAAANGNLEIVKLL 172

SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif);

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1958658085 259 PYSGPQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVD-LRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAI 318
Cdd:pfam07647   2 ESWSLESVADWLRSIGLEQYTDNFRDQGITgAELLLRLTLEDLKRLGITSVGHRRKILKKI 62

SAM domain of sec23ip-like subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of Sec23ip-like (Sec23 interacting protein) subfamily is a potential protein-protein interaction domain. This group of proteins includes Sec23ip and DDHD2 proteins. All of them contain at least two domains: a SAM domain and a predicted metal-binding domain. For mammalian DDHD2 members of this group, phospholipase activity has been demonstrated. Sec23ip proteins of this group interact with Sec23 proteins via an N-terminal proline-rich region. Members of this subfamily are involved in organization of ER/Golgi intermediate compartment.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1958658085 263 PQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLfGPKRKM 314
Cdd:cd09516     9 PLTLEEDLEKLGLSEYFDTFEKEKIDMESLLLCSESDLKEMGIPM-GPRKKL 59

SAM domain of USH1G_HARP family; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of USH1G/HARP (Usher syndrome type-1G/ Harmonin-interacting Ankyrin Repeat-containing protein) family is a protein-protein interaction domain. Members of this family have an N-terminal ankyrin repeat region and a C-terminal SAM domain. In mammals these proteins can interact via the SAM domain with the PDZ domain of harmonin to form a scaffolding complex that facilitates signal transduction in epithelial and inner ear sensory cells. It was suggested that USH1G and HARP can be tissue specific partners of harmonin. Mutations in ush1g genes lead to Usher syndrome type 1G. This syndrome is the cause of deaf-blindness in humans.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1958658085 266 LATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLfGPKRKMTSAIAR 320
Cdd:cd09517     5 LERFLTSNHLEEYLPVFEREKIDLEALMLLTDEDLQSLKLPL-GPRRKLLNAIAK 58

SAM domain of sec23ip; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of Sec23ip (Sec23 interacting protein) group is a potential protein-protein interaction domain. Sec23ip proteins (also known as p125) contain an N-terminal proline-rich region, a central region containing a SAM domain and a C-terminal region with a predicted metal-binding domain. Sec23ip interacts with Sec23p/Sec24p part of COPII-coated vesicles complex involved in protein transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. The proline-rich region plays an essential role in this interaction. Overexpression of Sec23ip leads to disorganization of ER/Golgi intermediate compartment.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958658085 265 DLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLfGPKRKM 314
Cdd:cd09584    11 SLQSVLEALSLSEYKSTFEKEKIDMESLLMCTVDDLKEMGIPL-GPRKKI 59

Ankyrin repeats (3 copies);

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1958658085   6 GFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHgVKVDTRDHsGATARMLAKQYGHMKIV 55
Cdd:pfam12796  30 GRTALHLAAKNGHLEIVKLLLEH-ADVNLKDN-GRTALHYAARSGHLEIV 77

SAM domain of ASZ1 subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of ASZ1 (Ankyrin, SAM, leucine Zipper) also known as GASZ (Germ cell-specific Ankyrin, SAM, leucine Zipper) subfamily is a potential protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this group are involved in the repression of transposable elements during spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and preimplantation embryogenesis. They support synthesis of PIWI-interacting RNA via association with some PIWI proteins, such as MILI and MIWI. This association is required for initiation and maintenance of retrotransposon repression during the meiosis. In mice lacking ASZ1, DNA damage and delayed germ cell maturation was observed due to retrotransposons releasing from their repressed state.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1958658085 260 YSGPQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAIARWH 322
Cdd:cd09521     2 YSKLDDLELFLHGLELGHLTPLFKEHDVTFSQLLKMTEEDLEKIGITQPGDQKKILDAIKEVH 64

Ankyrin repeat; Ankyrins are multifunctional adaptors that link specific proteins to the membrane-associated, spectrin- actin cytoskeleton. This repeat-domain is a 'membrane-binding' domain of up to 24 repeated units, and it mediates most of the protein's binding activities. Repeats 13-24 are especially active, with known sites of interaction for the Na/K ATPase, Cl/HCO(3) anion exchanger, voltage-gated sodium channel, clathrin heavy chain and L1 family cell adhesion molecules. The ANK repeats are found to form a contiguous spiral stack such that ion transporters like the anion exchanger associate in a large central cavity formed by the ANK repeat spiral, while clathrin and cell adhesion molecules associate with specific regions outside this cavity.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958658085   5 YGFTPLMEAAA-AGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDH 37
Cdd:pfam00023   1 DGNTPLHLAAGrRGNLEIVKLLLSKGADVNARDK 34

ankyrin repeats; Ankyrin repeats are about 33 amino acids long and occur in at least four consecutive copies. They are involved in protein-protein interactions. The core of the repeat seems to be an helix-loop-helix structure.

                           10        20
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1958658085    5 YGFTPLMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVD 33
Cdd:smart00248   1 DGRTPLHLAAENGNLEVVKLLLDKGADIN 29

SAM domain of diacylglycerol kinase delta and eta subunits; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of DGK-eta-delta subfamily proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. Proteins of this subfamily are multidomain diacylglycerol kinases with a SAM domain located at the C-terminus. DGK proteins participate in signal transduction. They regulate the level of second messengers such as diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid. The SAM domain of DGK proteins can form high molecular weight homooligomers through head-to-tail interactions as well as heterooligomers between the SAM domains of DGK delta and eta proteins. The oligomerization plays a role in the regulation of DGK intracellular localization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1958658085 259 PYSGPQDLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAIA 319
Cdd:cd09507     3 TNWTTEEVGAWLESLQLGEYRDIFARNDIRGSELLHLERRDLKDLGITKVGHVKRILQAIK 63

SAM domain ot SARM1-like proteins, repeat 1; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain repeat 1 of SARM1-like adaptor proteins is a protein-protein interaction domain. SARM1-like proteins contain two tandem SAM domains. SARM1-like proteins are involved in TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling. They are responsible for targeted localization of the whole protein to post-synaptic regions of axons. In humans SARM1 expression is detected in kidney and liver.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1958658085 265 DLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKE-IGitlfgpkrkMTSAIAR 320
Cdd:cd09501     8 DVQTWLKQIGFEDYAEKFSESQVDGDLLLQLTEDELKQdLG---------MSSGLLR 55

SAM domain of tankyrase1,2 subfamily; SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain of Tankyrase1,2 subfamily is a protein-protein interaction domain. In addition to the SAM domain, proteins of this group have ankyrin repeats and a ADP- ribosyltransferase (poly-(ADP-ribose) synthase) domain. Tankyrases can polymerize through their SAM domains forming homoligomers and these complexes are disrupted by autoribosylation. Tankyrases apparently act as master scaffolding proteins and thus may interact simultaneously with multiple proteins, in particular with TRF1, NuMA, IRAP and Grb14 (ankyrin repeats are involved in these interactions). Tankyrases participate in a variety of cell signaling pathways as effector molecules. Their functions are different depending on the intracellular location: at telomeres they play a role in the regulation of telomere length via control of telomerase access to telomeres, at centrosomes they promote spindle assembly/disassembly, in Golgi vesicles they participate in the regulation of vesicle trafficking and Golgi dynamics. Tankyrase 1 may be of interest as new potential target for telomerase-directed cancer therapy.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1958658085 265 DLATLLEQIGCLKYLQVFEEQDVDLRIFLTLTESDLKEIGITLFGPKRKMTSAIAR 320
Cdd:cd09524     7 SISQFLSSLGLEHLREIFEREQITLDVLAEMGHEELKEIGINAYGHRHKLIKGVER 62

Voltage-dependent potassium channel; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1958658085  10 LMEAAAAGHEIIVQYFLNHGVKVDTRDHSGATARMLAKQYGHMKIVALMETHSPVLPKslyrsSENYEDLSSSD 83
Cdd:PLN03192  626 LCTAAKRNDLTAMKELLKQGLNVDSEDHQGATALQVAMAEDHVDMVRLLIMNGADVDK-----ANTDDDFSPTE 694