basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP), MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL) and similar proteins; The family includes MLXIP and MLXIPL. MLXIP, also termed Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 36 (bHLHe36), or transcriptional activator MondoA, is a bHLHZip transcriptional activator that binds DNA as a heterodimer with Mlx. It binds to the canonical E box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3' and plays a role in transcriptional activation of glycolytic target genes. MLXIP is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and functions as an indirect glucose sensor, by sensing glucose 6-phosphate and shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. MLXIPL, also termed carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP), or Class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 14 (bHLHd14), or MLX interactor, or WS basic-helix-loop-helix leucine zipper protein (WS-bHLH), or Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 14 protein (WBSCR14), is a bHLHZip transcriptional factor integral to the regulation of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver. It forms heterodimers with the bHLHZip protein Mlx to bind the DNA sequence 5'-CACGTG-3'.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 919103561 761 EHRRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKqGGFDVLHTLIPALIQNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEI 835
Cdd:cd11405    1 EQRRLSHISAEQKRRFNIK-SGFDTLQSLIPSLGQNPNQKVSKAAMLQKAAEYIKSLKRERQQMQEEAEQLRQEI 74

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP), MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL) and similar proteins; The family includes MLXIP and MLXIPL. MLXIP, also termed Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 36 (bHLHe36), or transcriptional activator MondoA, is a bHLHZip transcriptional activator that binds DNA as a heterodimer with Mlx. It binds to the canonical E box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3' and plays a role in transcriptional activation of glycolytic target genes. MLXIP is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and functions as an indirect glucose sensor, by sensing glucose 6-phosphate and shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. MLXIPL, also termed carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP), or Class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 14 (bHLHd14), or MLX interactor, or WS basic-helix-loop-helix leucine zipper protein (WS-bHLH), or Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 14 protein (WBSCR14), is a bHLHZip transcriptional factor integral to the regulation of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver. It forms heterodimers with the bHLHZip protein Mlx to bind the DNA sequence 5'-CACGTG-3'.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 919103561 761 EHRRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKqGGFDVLHTLIPALIQNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEI 835
Cdd:cd11405    1 EQRRLSHISAEQKRRFNIK-SGFDTLQSLIPSLGQNPNQKVSKAAMLQKAAEYIKSLKRERQQMQEEAEQLRQEI 74

helix loop helix domain;

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 919103561   770 AEQKRRGNIKQGgFDVLHTLIPALiqNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLK 818
Cdd:smart00353   3 RERRRRRKINEA-FDELRSLLPTL--PKNKKLSKAEILRLAIEYIKSLQ 48

nuclear export signal 2 (NES2) and nuclear import signal (NLS) domains found in carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP), and similar proteins; ChREBP, also called class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 14 (bHLHd14), Max-like protein (MLX) interactor or MIO, MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL), WS basic-helix-loop-helix leucine zipper protein (WS-bHLH), or Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 14 protein (WBSCR14), is a large transcription factor that functions at two levels, nuclear localization and DNA binding. It binds to the canonical and non-canonical E box sequences 5'-CACGTG-3'. It also binds DNA as a heterodimer with TCFL4/MLX. ChREBP contains functional domains, including two nuclear export signals, NES1 and NES2, and a nuclear import signal (NLS) in the N-terminal region. This model corresponds to NES2 and NLS domains.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 919103561 103 TIDDSFTKLFECMTLAYSGKLCSPKFKNFRGLKLRLKDKLRLNNIIWREWHMQYVKGQFPVVCQFATPVSD---DTHIRP 179
Cdd:cd21771    1 SIDPTLTRLFECMSLAYSGKLVSPKWKNFKGLRLLWRDKIRLNNAIWRAWYIQYVEKRKNPVCGFVTPLEGseaDEHRKP 80

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 919103561 180 EAVVLEGKYWKRKLEVVTAEYKKWRVFYKHRLK 212
Cdd:cd21771   81 EAVVLEGNYWKRRIEVVMKEYHKWRIYYKKRLR 113

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP), MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL) and similar proteins; The family includes MLXIP and MLXIPL. MLXIP, also termed Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 36 (bHLHe36), or transcriptional activator MondoA, is a bHLHZip transcriptional activator that binds DNA as a heterodimer with Mlx. It binds to the canonical E box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3' and plays a role in transcriptional activation of glycolytic target genes. MLXIP is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and functions as an indirect glucose sensor, by sensing glucose 6-phosphate and shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. MLXIPL, also termed carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP), or Class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 14 (bHLHd14), or MLX interactor, or WS basic-helix-loop-helix leucine zipper protein (WS-bHLH), or Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosomal region 14 protein (WBSCR14), is a bHLHZip transcriptional factor integral to the regulation of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver. It forms heterodimers with the bHLHZip protein Mlx to bind the DNA sequence 5'-CACGTG-3'.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 919103561 761 EHRRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKqGGFDVLHTLIPALIQNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEI 835
Cdd:cd11405    1 EQRRLSHISAEQKRRFNIK-SGFDTLQSLIPSLGQNPNQKVSKAAMLQKAAEYIKSLKRERQQMQEEAEQLRQEI 74

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in MLX-interacting protein (MLXIP) and similar proteins; MLXIP, also termed Class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 36 (bHLHe36), or transcriptional activator MondoA, is a bHLHZip transcriptional activator that binds DNA as a heterodimer with Mlx. It binds to the canonical E box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3' and plays a role in transcriptional activation of glycolytic target genes. MLXIP is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and functions as an indirect glucose sensor, by sensing glucose 6-phosphate and shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 919103561 761 EHRRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQGgFDVLHTLIPAliqNPNAK-ISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEI 835
Cdd:cd19688    1 KNRRMKHISAEQKRRFNIKIC-FDTLNSLVST---LKNSKpISNAITLQKTVEYIAKLQQERTQMQEETKRLREEI 72

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in the Myc family; The Myc family is a member of the bHLHzip family of transcription factors that play important roles in the control of normal cell proliferation, growth, survival and differentiation. All Myc isoforms contain two independently functioning polypeptide chain regions: N-terminal transactivating residues and a C-terminal bHLHzip segment. The bHLHzip family of bHLH transcription factors are characterized by a highly conserved N-terminal basic region that may bind DNA at a consensus hexanucleotide sequence known as the E-box (CANNTG) followed by HLH and leucine zipper motifs that may interact with other proteins to form homo- and heterodimers. Myc heterodimerizes with Max enabling specific binding to E-box DNA sequences in the promoters of target genes. The Myc proto-oncoprotein family includes at least five different functional members: c-, N-, L-, S- and B-Myc (which is lacking the bHLH domain).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKqGGFDVLHTLIPALIQNPNAkiSKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEIESLNS 840
Cdd:cd11400    1 KRRLHNVLERQRRNDLK-NSFEKLRDLVPELADNEKA--SKVVILKKATEYIKQLQQEEKKLEKEKDKLKARNEQLRK 75

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-like protein X (Mlx) family; Mlx, also termed Class D basic helix-loop-helix protein 13 (bHLHd13), or Max-like bHLHZip protein, or protein BigMax, or transcription factor-like protein 4, is a Max-like bHLHZip transcription regulator that interacts with the Max network of transcription factors. It forms a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein complex with some member of Mad family (Mad1 and Mad4) and Mondo family but not the Myc family and bind the E-box DNA to control transcription. The family also includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae INO4, which is a bHLH transcriptional activator of phospholipid synthetic genes (such as INO1, CHO1/PSS, CHO2/PEM1, OPI3/PEM2, etc.). It is required for de-repression of phospholipid biosynthetic gene expression in response to inositol deprivation in yeast.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKqGGFDVLHTLIPALIQNpnaKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKsdrkqmqDEAEILRQEIESLNSAI 842
Cdd:cd11404    2 RRLNHVRSEKKRRELIK-KGYDELCALVPGLDPQ---KRTKADILQKAADWIQELK-------EENEKLEEQLDELKEAA 70

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae centromere-binding protein 1 (CBP-1) and similar proteins; CBP-1, also termed centromere promoter factor 1 (CPF1), or centromere-binding factor 1 (CBF1), is a bHLHzip protein that is required for chromosome stability and methionine prototrophy. It binds as a homodimer to the centromere DNA elements I (CDEI, GTCACATG) region of the centromere that is required for optimal centromere function.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 919103561 757 QQYKEHRRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQGgFDVLHTLIPaliqNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEA---EILRQ 833
Cdd:cd11398    1 EEWHRQRRDNHKEVERRRRENINEG-INELAALVP----GNAREKNKGAILARAVEYIQELQETEAKNIEKWtleKLLTD 75

                         90
                 ....*....|
gi 919103561 834 EIESLNSAIN 843
Cdd:cd11398   76 QAIAELAALN 85

basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae INO4 and similar proteins; INO4 is a bHLH transcriptional activator of phospholipid synthetic genes (such as INO1, CHO1/PSS, CHO2/PEM1, OPI3/PEM2, etc.). It is required for de-repression of phospholipid biosynthetic gene expression in response to inositol deprivation in yeast. INO4 dimerizes with INO2 and binds to an UAS DNA element to control expression of the genes whose expression is inositol-responsive.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQgGFDVLHTLIPALiqNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQmqdeaeiLRQEIESLNSAI 842
Cdd:cd11403    2 KKENHISSEHKRREAIRE-GFDRLCAIVPAL--SSSQSRSEAVVYVKTVEYLKELYERRAK-------LRSQLRSKGVEI 71

basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) domain superfamily; bHLH proteins are transcriptional regulators that are found in organisms from yeast to humans. Members of the bHLH superfamily have two highly conserved and functionally distinct regions. The basic part is at the amino end of the bHLH that may bind DNA to a consensus hexanucleotide sequence known as the E box (CANNTG). Different families of bHLH proteins recognize different E-box consensus sequences. At the carboxyl-terminal end of the region is the HLH region that interacts with other proteins to form homo- and heterodimers. bHLH proteins function as a diverse set of regulatory factors because they recognize different DNA sequences and dimerize with different proteins. The bHLH proteins can be divided to cell-type specific and widely expressed proteins. The cell-type specific members of bHLH superfamily are involved in cell-fate determination and act in neurogenesis, cardiogenesis, myogenesis, and hematopoiesis.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 919103561 771 EQKRRGNIKQGgFDVLHTLIPALIQNPnaKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKS 819
Cdd:cd00083    1 ERRRRDKINDA-FEELKRLLPELPDSK--KLSKASILQKAVEYIRELQS 46

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe ESC1 (spESC1) and similar proteins; spESC1 is a bHLHzip protein with homology to human MyoD and Myf-5 myogenic differentiation inducers. It is involved in the sexual differentiation process.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 919103561 764 RVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQgGFDVLHTLIPaliQNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILR 832
Cdd:cd19690    1 RVSHKLAERKRRKEMKE-LFEDLRDALP---QERGTKASKWEILTKAISYIQQLKRHIRELRSEVNDLR 65

basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in transcription factor AP-4 (TFAP4) and similar proteins; TFAP4, also termed activating enhancer-binding protein 4, or Class C basic helix-loop-helix protein 41 (bHLHc41), is a bHLHzip transcription factor that activates both viral and cellular genes involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by binding to the symmetrical DNA sequence 5'-CAGCTG-3'.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIkQGGFDVLHTLIPaliQNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQM 824
Cdd:cd11419    4 RREIANSNERRRMQSI-NAGFQSLRTLLP---HCDGEKLSKAAILQQTAEYIFSLEQEKTRL 61

basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in achaete-scute complex-like (ASCL) family; The achaete-scute complex-like (ASCL, also known as achaete-scute complex homolog or ASH) family of bHLH transcription factors, ASCL1-5, have been implicated in cell fate specification and differentiation. They are critical for proper development of the nervous system. The deregulation of ASCL plays a key role in psychiatric and neurological disorders. ASCL-1, also termed Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 46 (bHLHa46), or achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASH-1), or mammalian achaete-scute homolog 1 (Mash1), is a neural-specific bHLH transcription factor that is expressed in subsets of neural progenitors in both the central and peripheral nervous system. It plays a key role in neuronal differentiation and specification in the nervous system. ASCL-2, also termed achaete-scute homolog 2 (ASH-2), or Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 45 (bHLHa45), or mammalian achaete-scute homolog 2 (Mash2), is a bHLH transcription factor that is involved in Schwann cell differentiation and control of proliferation in adult peripheral nerves. ASCL-3, also termed Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 42 (bHLHa42), or bHLH transcriptional regulator Sgn-1, or achaete-scute homolog 3 (ASH-3), is a bHLH transcription factor specifically localized in the duct cells of the salivary glands. It may act as transcriptional repressor that inhibits myogenesis. The family also includes Drosophila melanogaster achaete-scute complex (AS-C) proteins, which consists of lethal of scute (also known as achaete-scute complex protein T3 or AST3), scute (also known as achaete-scute complex protein T4 or AST4), achaete (also known as achaete-scute complex protein T5 or AST5), and asense (also known as achaete-scute complex protein T8 or AST8). They are involved in the determination of the neuronal precursors in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system, as well as in sex determination and dosage compensation.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 919103561 755 ERQQYKEHRRVSHISaeqkrrgnikqGGFDVLHTLIPALiqNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLK 818
Cdd:cd11418    3 ARRNERERRRVQAVN-----------DAFDRLRQHVPYL--KRRKKLSKVKTLRRAIEYIRHLQ 53

basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana BES1-interacting Myc-like proteins (BIMs) and similar proteins; The family includes Arabidopsis thaliana BIM1 and its homologs (BIM2 and BIM3), which are bHLH transcription factors that interact with BES1 to regulate transcription of Brassinosteroid (BR)-induced gene. BR regulates many growth and developmental processes such as cell elongation, vascular development, senescence stress responses, and photomorphogenesis. BIM1 heterodimerize with BES1 and bind to E-box sequences present in many BR-induced promoters to regulated BR-induced genes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQgGFDVLHTLIPaliqNPNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQE 834
Cdd:cd11453    3 PRSKHSATEQRRRSKINE-RLQALRDLIP----HSDQKRDKASFLLEVIEYIQALQEKVAKLEEQVQGWGGE 69

basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in the spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix-containing protein (SOHLH) family and similar proteins; The SOHLH family includes two bHLH transcription factors, SOHLH1 and SOHLH2. They are specifically in spermatogonia and oocytes and essential for early spermatogonial and oocyte differentiation. The family also includes transcription factor-like 5 protein (TCFL5) and similar proteins. TCFL5, also termed Cha transcription factor, or HPV-16 E2-binding protein 1 (E2BP-1), is a bHLH transcription factor that plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis. It regulates cell proliferation or differentiation of cells through binding to a specific DNA sequence like other bHLH molecules.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 919103561 763 RRVSHISAEQKRRGNIKQgGFDVLHTLIPALiqnpNAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKS 819
Cdd:cd19683    2 SRERHNAKERQRRERIKI-ACDQLRKLVPGC----SRKTDKATVFEFTVAYIKFLRE 53

basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein NAI1 and similar proteins; NAI1, also termed AtbHLH20, or EN 27, is a bHLH transcription activator that regulates the expression of at least NAI2, PYK10 and PBP1. It is required for and mediates the formation of endoplasmic reticulum bodies (ER bodies). It plays a role in the symbiotic interactions with the endophytes of the Sebacinaceae fungus family, such as Piriformospora indica and Sebacina.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 919103561 767 HISAEQKRRGNIKQGgFDVLHTLIPALiqnpnAKISKAQMLQKTAEYCKKLKSDRKQMQDEAEILRQEIESL 838
Cdd:cd11452    6 HILAERKRREKLSQR-FIALSALVPGL-----KKMDKASVLGDAIKHIKQLQERVKELEEEKKEKRLMSVVI 71