The second LIM domain of Enigma; The second LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09456   1 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVHCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 52

The first LIM domain of Enigma; The first LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09452   1 CAQCNKIIRGRYLVALGRSYHPEEFTCSQCKKVLDEGGFFEEKGSIFCPKCY 52

large tegument protein UL36; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579    11 PAPWGFRLQGGKDFNVPLS-ISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLGLSRAQPAQS 89
Cdd:PHA03247 2720 PLPPGPAAARQASPALPAApAPPAVPAGPATPGGPARPARPPTTAGPPAPAPPAAPAAGPPRRLTRPAVASLSESRESLP 2799

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579    90 KPQKaltpPADPPRYTFAPSASLNKTARPFG-APPPTDSALSQNGQLLRQLVPDASKQRLMENTEDWRPRPGTGQ----- 163
Cdd:PHA03247 2800 SPWD----PADPPAAVLAPAAALPPAASPAGpLPPPTSAQPTAPPPPPGPPPPSLPLGGSVAPGGDVRRRPPSRSpaakp 2875

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579   164 SRSFRILAHLTGTEFMQDPDEEFMKKSSQVPRTEAP-APASTIPQESWPGPTTPSPTSRPPWAVDPAfaeryAPDKTSTV 242
Cdd:PHA03247 2876 AAPARPPVRRLARPAVSRSTESFALPPDQPERPPQPqAPPPPQPQPQPPPPPQPQPPPPPPPRPQPP-----LAPTTDPA 2950

                         250
                  ....*....|..
gi 27465579   243 LTRHSQPATPTP 254
Cdd:PHA03247 2951 GAGEPSGAVPQP 2962

The second LIM domain of Enigma; The second LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09456   1 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVHCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 52

The first LIM domain of Enigma; The first LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09452   1 CAQCNKIIRGRYLVALGRSYHPEEFTCSQCKKVLDEGGFFEEKGSIFCPKCY 52

Zinc-binding domain present in Lin-11, Isl-1, Mec-3; Zinc-binding domain family. Some LIM domains bind protein partners via tyrosine-containing motifs. LIM domains are found in many key regulators of developmental pathways.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579    399 KCRGCDFKIDAGDRFLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSH 452
Cdd:smart00132   1 KCAGCGKPIYGTERVLRALGKVWHPECFKCATCGKPLSGDTFFEKDGKLYCKDC 54

LIM domain; This family represents two copies of the LIM structural domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 27465579   341 CAKCKKKITG-EIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDYEKMF 396
Cdd:pfam00412   1 CAGCNRPIYDrELVRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLTTGDFYEKDGKLYCKHDYYKLF 57

PDZ domain; PDZ domains are found in diverse signaling proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579     3 SFKVVLEGPAPWGFRLQGGKDF-NVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLGL 81
Cdd:pfam00595   1 QVTLEKDGRGGLGFSLKGGSDQgDPGIFVSEVLPGGAAEAGGLKVGDRILSINGQDVENMTHEEAVLALKGSGGKVTLTI 80

LIM domain; This family represents two copies of the LIM structural domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 27465579   400 CRGCDFKIDAGDRfLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSH 452
Cdd:pfam00412   1 CAGCNRPIYDREL-VRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLTTGDFYEKDGKLYCKHD 52

C-terminal processing protease CtpA/Prc, contains a PDZ domain [Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones];

                        10        20        30        40        50        60
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579  30 ISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIR-ACGERLSLGLSRAQPAQSK 90
Cdd:COG0793  75 VVSVIPGSPAEKAGIKPGDIILAIDGKSVAGLTLDDAVKLLRgKAGTKVTLTIKRPGEGEPI 136

serine endoprotease DegP;

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579   30 ISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLGLSR 83
Cdd:PRK10942 315 VSQVLPNSSAAKAGIKAGDVITSLNGKPISSFAALRAQVGTMPVGSKLTLGLLR 368

The second LIM domain of Enigma; The second LIM domain of Enigma: Enigma was initially characterized in humans as a protein containing three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. Enigma is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09456   1 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVHCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 52

The second LIM domain of Enigma-like family; The second LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone and brain. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein, was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09362   1 CARCHKKILGEVMHALKQTWHVSCFVCAACKQPIGNSLFHMEDGEPYCEKDY 52

The third LIM domain of Enigma-like family; The third LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone, and brain. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein, was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579 400 CRGCDFKIDAGDRFLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSHA 453
Cdd:cd09363   1 CHGCDFPIEAGDRFLEALGHTWHDTCFVCAVCHVNLEGQTFYSKKDKPLCKNHA 54

PDZ domain of Drosophila melanogaster PDZ and LIM domain protein Zasp52 (also known as Zasp), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of Drosophila melanogaster Zasp52 and related domains. Drosophila melanogaster Zasp52 (also known as Z band alternatively spliced PDZ-motif protein or Zasp) colocalizes with integrins at myotendinous junctions and with alpha-actinin at Z-disks and is required for muscle attachment as well as Z-disk assembly and maintenance. The Zasp52 actin-binding site includes the extended PDZ domain and the ZM region. The Zasp52-PDZ domain is required for myofibril assembly. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This Zasp52-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 27465579  13 PWGFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLGLSR 83
Cdd:cd23068  12 PWGFRLQGGADFGQPLSIQKVNPGSPADKAGLRRGDVILRINGTDTSNLTHKQAQDLIKRAGNDLQLTVQR 82

The first LIM domain of Enigma-like family; The first LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone, and brain. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein, was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09361   1 CAHCNQVIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCSHCHCSLAEIGFVEEKGSLYCELCY 52

Domain present in PSD-95, Dlg, and ZO-1/2; Also called DHR (Dlg homologous region) or GLGF (relatively well conserved tetrapeptide in these domains). Some PDZs have been shown to bind C-terminal polypeptides; others appear to bind internal (non-C-terminal) polypeptides. Different PDZs possess different binding specificities.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579      4 FKVVLE-GPAPWGFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLGLS 82
Cdd:smart00228   3 RLVELEkGGGGLGFSLVGGKDEGGGVVVSSVVPGSPAAKAGLRVGDVILEVNGTSVEGLTHLEAVDLLKKAGGKVTLTVL 82

                   .
gi 27465579     83 R 83
Cdd:smart00228  83 R 83

The third LIM domain of an Enigma subfamily with unknown function; The third LIM domain of an Enigma subfamily with unknown function: The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three characterized members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. They serve as adaptor proteins, where the PDZ domain tethers the protein to the cytoskeleton and the LIM domains, recruit signaling proteins to implement corresponding functions. The members of the enigma family have been implicated in regulating or organizing cytoskeletal structure, as well as involving multiple signaling pathways. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579 400 CRGCDFKIDAGDRFLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSHA 453
Cdd:cd09461   1 CVSCGFPIEAGDRWVEALNNNYHSQCFNCTRCNVNLEGQSFYAKGGRPFCKLHA 54

LIM is a small protein-protein interaction domain, containing two zinc fingers; LIM domains are identified in a diverse group of proteins with wide variety of biological functions, including gene expression regulation, cell fate determination, cytoskeleton organization, tumor formation and development. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes. They perform their functions through interactions with other protein partners. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic highly conserved zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. The consensus sequence of LIM domain has been defined as C-x(2)-C-x(16,23)-H-x(2)-[CH]-x(2)-C-x(2)-C-x(16,21)-C-x(2,3)-[CHD] (where X denotes any amino acid).

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITG-EIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd08368   1 CAGCGKPIEGrELLRALGKKWHPECFKCAECGKPLGGDSFYEKDGKPYCEKCY 53

The first LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog (ENH) family; The first LIM domain of the Enigma Homolog (ENH) family: ENH was initially identified in rat brain. Same as enigma, it contains three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. ENH is implicated in signal transduction processes involving protein kinases. It has also been shown that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ENH is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone, and brain. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09453   1 CATCNQVIRGPFLVALGKSWHPEEFNCAHCKSSMAYIGFVEEKGALYCEICY 52

The first LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family; The first LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family: This family consists of paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor proteins to recruit key components of signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous regulatory and structural proteins that together control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression that are necessary for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09336   1 CAACNKPIVGQVVTALGKTWHPEHFVCVHCQTELGTSNFFERDGKPYCEKDY 52

LIM domain; This family represents two copies of the LIM structural domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 27465579   341 CAKCKKKITG-EIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDYEKMF 396
Cdd:pfam00412   1 CAGCNRPIYDrELVRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLTTGDFYEKDGKLYCKHDYYKLF 57

PDZ domain 5 of membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 1 (MAGI-1), MAGI-2, and MAGI-3, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 5 of MAGI1, 2, 3 (MAGI is also known as Membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein) and related domains. MAGI proteins have been implicated in the control of cell migration and invasion through altering the activity of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and modulating Akt signaling. Four MAGI proteins have been identified (MAGI1-3 and MAGIX). MAGI1-3 have 6 PDZ domains and bind to the C-terminus of PTEN via their PDZ2 domain. MAGIX has a single PDZ domain that is related to MAGI1-3 PDZ domain 5, and belongs to this MAGI1,2,3-like family. Other binding partners for MAGI1 include JAM4, C-terminal tail of high risk HPV-18 E6, megalin, TRAF6, Kir4.1 (basolateral K+ channel subunit), and cadherin 23; for MAGI2, include DASM1, dendrin, axin, beta- and delta-catenin, neuroligin, hyperpolarization-activated cation channels, beta1-adrenergic receptors, NMDA receptor, and TARPs; and for MAGI3 includes LPA2. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This MAGI family PDZ5 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579   4 FKVVLE-GPAPWGFRLQGGKDF-NVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAG-VAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLG 80
Cdd:cd06735   2 YSVELErGPKGFGFSIRGGREYnNMPLYVLRLAEDGPAQRDGrLRVGDQILEINGESTQGMTHAQAIELIRSGGSVVRLL 81

                ...
gi 27465579  81 LSR 83
Cdd:cd06735  82 LRR 84

The first LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher family; The first LIM domain of ZASP/Cypher family: ZASP was identified in human heart and skeletal muscle and Cypher is a mice ortholog of ZASP. ZASP/Cyppher contains three LIM domains at the C-terminus and a PDZ domain at N-terminus. ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09454   1 CGHCNNIIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCHYCHTSLADVSFVEEQNNVYCENCY 52

LIM is a small protein-protein interaction domain, containing two zinc fingers; LIM domains are identified in a diverse group of proteins with wide variety of biological functions, including gene expression regulation, cell fate determination, cytoskeleton organization, tumor formation and development. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes. They perform their functions through interactions with other protein partners. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic highly conserved zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. The consensus sequence of LIM domain has been defined as C-x(2)-C-x(16,23)-H-x(2)-[CH]-x(2)-C-x(2)-C-x(16,21)-C-x(2,3)-[CHD] (where X denotes any amino acid).

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579 400 CRGCDFKIdAGDRFLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSHA 453
Cdd:cd08368   1 CAGCGKPI-EGRELLRALGKKWHPECFKCAECGKPLGGDSFYEKDGKPYCEKCY 53

PDZ domain of shroom2, shroom3, shroom4, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of shroom2, shroom3, shroom4, and related domains. Shroom family proteins shroom2 (also known as apical-like protein; protein APXL), shroom3 (also known as shroom-related protein), and shroom4 (also known as second homolog of apical protein) are essential regulators of cell morphology during animal development; they regulate cell architecture by directing the subcellular distribution and activation of Rho kinase (ROCK), which results in the localized activation of non-muscle myosin. The interaction between shroom and ROCK is mediated by the shroom domain 2 (SD2). PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This shroom2,3,4-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged as beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 27465579   3 SFKVVLEGPAPWGFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAG-VAVGDWVLSIDGEN-AGSltHIEAQNKIRACGERLSLG 80
Cdd:cd06750   2 LIEVQLQGGAPWGFTLKGGLEHGEPLVISKIEEGGKAASVGkLQVGDEVVNINGVPlSGS--RQEAIQLVKGSHKTLKLV 79

                ...
gi 27465579  81 LSR 83
Cdd:cd06750  80 VRR 82

The first LIM domain of paxillin; The first LIM domain of paxillin: Paxillin is an adaptor protein, which recruits key components of the signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular locations to respond to environmental changes rapidly. The C-terminal region of paxillin contains four LIM domains which target paxillin to focal adhesions, presumably through a direct association with the cytoplasmic tail of beta-integrin. The N-terminal of paxillin is leucine-rich LD-motifs. Paxillin is found at the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. The binding partners of paxillin are diverse and include protein tyrosine kinases, such as Src and FAK, structural proteins, such as vinculin and actopaxin, and regulators of actin organization. Paxillin recruits these proteins to their function sites to control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight cons erved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09405   2 CGACKKPIAGQVVTAMGKTWHPEHFVCTHCQEEIGSRNFFERDGQPYCEKDY 53

The first LIM domain of Leupaxin; The first LIM domain of Leupaxin: Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells. Leupaxin belongs to the paxillin focal adhesion protein family. Same as other members of the family, it has four leucine-rich LD-motifs in the N-terminus and four LIM domains in the C-terminus. It may function in cell type-specific signaling by associating with interaction partners PYK2, FAK, PEP and p95PKL. When expressed in human leukocytic cells, leupaxin significantly suppressed integrin-mediated cell adhesion to fibronectin and the tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin. These findings indicate that leupaxin may negatively regulate the functions of paxillin during integrin signaling. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFCPSCY 333
Cdd:cd09406   3 CASCQKPIAGQVVTALGQTWHPEHFVCCQCGKELGSRPFFERNGQAYCEEDY 54

PDZ domain 7 of PDZ domain containing 2 (PDZD2), PDZ domain 4 of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, 1332 AA), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 7 of PDZD2, also known as KIAA0300, PIN-1, PAPIN, activated in prostate cancer (AIPC) and PDZ domain-containing protein 3 (PDZK3). PDZD2 has seven PDZ domains. PDZD2 is expressed at exceptionally high levels in the pancreas and certain cancer tissues, such as prostate cancer. It promotes the proliferation of insulinoma cells and is upregulated during prostate tumorigenesis. In osteosarcoma (OS), the microRNA miR-363 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting PDZD2. This family include the PDZ domain of the secreted mature form of human interleukin-16 (IL-16); this is the fourth PDZ domain (PDZ4) of human pro-interleukin-16 (isoform 1, also known as nPro-Il-16). Precursor IL-16 is cleaved to produce pro-IL-16 and C-terminal mature IL-16. Pro-IL-16 functions as a regulator of T cell growth; mature IL-16 is a CD4 ligand that induces chemotaxis and CD25 expression in CD4+ T cells. IL-16 bioactivity has been closely associated with the progression of several different cancers PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PDZD2-like family PDZ7 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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gi 27465579   3 SFKVVLE-GPAPWGFRLQGGKDF---NVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAG-VAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRA 72
Cdd:cd06763   1 AVTVELEkGSAGLGFSLEGGKGSplgDRPLTIKRIFKGGAAEQSGvLQVGDEILQINGTSLQGLTRFEAWNIIKS 75

LIM domain; This family represents two copies of the LIM structural domain.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 27465579   400 CRGCDFKIDAGDRfLEALGFSWHDTCFVCAICQINLEGKTFYSKKDKPLCKSH 452
Cdd:pfam00412   1 CAGCNRPIYDREL-VRALGKVWHPECFRCAVCGKPLTTGDFYEKDGKLYCKHD 52

PDZ domain 1 of harmonin isoforms a, b, and c, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 1 of harmonin isoforms a, b, and c, and related domains. Harmonin (also known as Usher Type 1C, PDZ-73 and AIE-75) is a key organizer of the Usher (USH) protein interactome. USH syndrome is the leading cause of hereditary sensory deaf-blindness in humans; three clinically distinct types of USH have been identified, type 1 to 3. The gene encoding harmonin (USH1C) is the causative gene for the USH type 1C phenotype. There are at least 10 alternatively spliced isoforms of harmonin, which are divided into three subclasses (a, b, and c). All isoforms contain the first two PDZ domains and the first coiled-coil domain. The a and b isoforms all have a third PDZ domain. The different PDZ domains are responsible for interactions with all known Usher syndrome type 1 proteins, and most Usher syndrome type 2 proteins. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This harmonin family PDZ1 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 27465579  10 GPAPWGFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRA 72
Cdd:cd06737  11 GPESLGFSVRGGLEHGCGLFVSHVSPGSQADNKGLRVGDEIVRINGYSISQCTHEEVINLIKT 73

PDZ domain 2 of the canonical isoform 1 of PDZ domain containing 7 (PDZD7), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain 2 of the long isoform 1 of PDZD7, and related domains. PDZD7 is critical for the organization of Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) complex. Usher syndrome is the leading cause of hereditary sensory deaf-blindness in humans; USH2 is the most common sub-type. Formation of the USH2 complex is based upon heterodimerization between PDZD7 and whirlin (another PDZ domain-containing protein) and a subsequent dynamic interplay between USH2 proteins via their multiple PDZ domains. The PDZD7 PDZ2 domain binds GPR98 (also known as VLGR1) and usherin (USH2A). PDZD7 and whirlin form heterodimers through their multiple PDZ domains; whirlin and PDZD7 interact with usherin and GPR98 to form an interdependent ankle link complex. PDZD7 also interacts with myosin VIIa. PDZD7 also forms homodimers through its PDZ2 domain. Various isoforms of PDZD7 produced by alternative splicing have been identified; this subgroup includes the second PDZ domain of the canonical isoform of PDZD7- isoform 1. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PDZD7-like family PDZ2 domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 27465579  14 WGFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIR 71
Cdd:cd10834  15 LGFNIRGGSEYGLGIYVSKVDPGGLAEQNGIKVGDQILAVNGVSFEDITHSKAVEVLK 72

The first LIM domain of lipoma preferred partner (LPP); The first LIM domain of lipoma preferred partner (LPP): LPP is a member of the zyxin LIM protein family and contains three LIM zinc-binding domains at the C-terminal and proline-rich region at the N-terminal. LPP initially identified as the most frequent translocation partner of HMGA2 (High Mobility Group A2) in a subgroup of benign tumors of adipose tissue (lipomas). It was also shown to be rearranged in a number of other soft tissues, as well as in a case of acute monoblastic leukemia. In addition to its involvement in tumors, LPP was inedited as a smooth muscle restricted LIM protein that plays an important role in SMC migration. LPP is localized at sites of cell adhesion, cell-cell contacts and transiently in the nucleus. In nucleus, it acts as a coactivator for the ETS domain transcription factor PEA3. In addition to PEA3, it interacts with alpha-actinin,vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP),Palladin, and Scrib. The LIM domains are the main focal adhesion targeting elements and that the proline- rich region, which harbors binding sites for alpha-actinin and vasodilator- stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), has a weak targeting capacity. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and shares two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIM--HALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09351   1 CVKCGEKVLGEGSgcTAMDQVYHISCFTCHQCQINLQGKPFYALDGKPYCEEDY 54

The first LIM domain of Enigma-like family; The first LIM domain of Enigma-like family: The Enigma LIM domain family is comprised of three members: Enigma, ENH, and Cypher (mouse)/ZASP (human). These subfamily members contain a single PDZ domain at the N-terminus and three LIM domains at the C-terminus. Enigma was initially characterized in humans and is expressed in multiple tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, bone, and brain. The third LIM domain specifically interacts with the insulin receptor and the second LIM domain interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the adaptor protein APS. Thus Enigma is implicated in signal transduction processes, such as mitogenic activity, insulin related actin organization, and glucose metabolism. The second member, ENH protein, was first identified in rat brain. It has been shown that ENH interacts with protein kinase D1 (PKD1) via its LIM domains and forms a complex with PKD1 and the alpha1C subunit of cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. The N-terminal PDZ domain interacts with alpha-actinin at the Z-line. ZASP/Cypher is required for maintenance of Z-line structure during muscle contraction, but not required for Z-line assembly. In heart, Cypher/ZASP plays a structural role through its interaction with cytoskeletal Z-line proteins. In addition, there is increasing evidence that Cypher/ZASP also performs signaling functions. Studies reveal that Cypher/ZASP interacts with and directs PKC to the Z-line, where PKC phosphorylates downstream signaling targets. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09361   1 CAHCNQVIRGPFLVALGRSWHPEEFTCSHCHCSLAEIGFVEEKGSLYCELCY 52

The first LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain Kinase ); The first LIM domain of LIMK (LIM domain Kinase ): LIMK protein family is comprised of two members LIMK1 and LIMK2. LIMK contains two LIM domains, a PDZ domain and a kinase domain. LIMK is involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and microtubule disassembly. LIMK influences architecture of the actin cytoskeleton by regulating the activity of the cofilin family proteins cofilin1, cofilin2, and destrin. The mechanism of the activation is to phosphorylates cofilin on serine 3 and inactivates its actin-severing activity, and altering the rate of actin depolymerisation. LIMKs can function in both cytoplasm and nucleus and are expressed in all tissues. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 can act in the nucleus to suppress Rac/Cdc42-dependent cyclin D1 expression. However, LIMK1 and LIMk2 have different cellular locations. While LIMK1 localizes mainly at focal adhesions, LIMK2 is found in cytoplasmic punctae, suggesting that they may have different cellular functions. The LIM domains of LIMK have been shown to play an important role in regulating kinase activity and likely also contribute to LIMK function by acting as sites of protein-to-protein interactions. All LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKIT-GEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRaFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09364   1 CAGCRGKILdSQYVQALNQDWHCDCFRCSVCSDSLSNW-YFEKDGKLYCRKDY 52

PDZ domain of syntrophins, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of syntrophins (including alpha-1-syntrophin, beta-1-syntrophin, beta-2-syntrophin, gamma-1-syntrophin, and gamma-2-syntrophin), and related domains. Syntrophins play a role in recruiting various signaling molecules into signaling complexes and help provide appropriate spatiotemporal regulation of signaling pathways. They function in cytoskeletal organization and maintenance; as components of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), they help maintain structural integrity of skeletal muscle fibers. They link voltage-gated sodium channels to the actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix, and control the localization and activity of the actin reorganizing proteins such as PI3K, PI(3,4)P2 and TAPP1. Through association with various cytoskeletal proteins within the cells, they are involved in processes such as regulation of focal adhesions, myogenesis, calcium homeostasis, and cell migration. They also have roles in synapse formation and in the organization of utrophin, acetylcholine receptor, and acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular synapse. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This syntrophin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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gi 27465579  15 GFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAG-VAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSL 79
Cdd:cd06801  14 GISIKGGAEHKMPILISKIFKGQAADQTGqLFVGDAILSVNGENLEDATHDEAVQALKNAGDEVTL 79

PDZ domains of the Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor (NHERF) family (NHERF1-4), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of the Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor (NHERF) family of multi-PDZ-domain-containing scaffolding proteins (NHERF1-4), and related domains. The NHERF family includes NHERF1 (also known as EBP50), NHERF2 (also known as E3KARP; TKA-1; SIP-1), NHERF3 (also known as CAP70; CLAMP; Napi-Cap-1; PDZD1) and NHERF4 (also known as IKEPP; PDZK2; Napi-Cap-2). NHERF1 and NHERF2 have tandem PDZ domains (PDZ1-2); NHERF3 and NHERF4 have four PDZ domains (PDZ1-4). NHERFs are involved in the regulation of multiple receptors or transporters, such as type II sodium-phosphate cotransporter (Npt2a), purinergic P2Y1 receptor P2Y1R, the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR), parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR), the lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs), sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3), and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). NHERF-PDZ1 domain interaction partners include Npt2a, purinergic P2Y1 receptor, beta2-AR, CFTR, PTHR, NH3, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6A), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), B1 subunit of the H+ATPase, cholesterol, receptor for activated C-kinase RACK1, aquaporin 9, among others. The NHERF PDZ2 domain interacts with fewer proteins: NHERF1 PDZ2 binds Npt2a, PTHR, beta-catenin, aquaporin 9, and RACK1; NHERF2 PDZ2 binds LPA2, P2Y1R, and NHE3, cGMP-dependent protein kinase type II (cGKII). NHERF4 PDZ1 and PDZ4 bind the epithelial Ca(2+) channels TRPV5 and TRPV6. NHERF2/NHERF3 heterodimerization is mediated by PDZ domains of NHERF2 and the C-terminal PDZ domain recognition motif of NHERF3. NHERF4 regulates several transporters mediating influx of xenobiotics and nutrients in the small intestine. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This NHERF-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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gi 27465579  15 GFRLQGGKD----FnvplsISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLSL 79
Cdd:cd06768  13 GFNLHAEKGrpghF-----IREVDPGSPAERAGLKDGDRLVEVNGENVEGESHEQVVEKIKASGNQVTL 76

The second LIM domain of the filamin-binding LIM protein-1 (FBLP-1); The second LIM domain of the filamin-binding LIM protein-1 (FBLP-1): Fblp-1 contains a proline-rich domain near its N terminus and two LIM domains at its C terminus. FBLP-1 mRNA was detected in a variety of tissues and cells including platelets and endothelial cells. FBLP-1 binds to Filamins. The association between filamin B and FBLP-1 may play an unknown role in cytoskeletal function, cell adhesion, and cell motility. As in other LIM domains, this domain family is 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein.

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gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEE-GAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09372   1 CAKCQGVITEHIIRALGKGYHPPCFTCVTCGRRIGDESFAVDEqNEVYCLDDY 53

PDZ domain of rhophilin-1, rhophilin-2, and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of rhophilin-1, rhophilin-2, and related domains. Rhophilin-1 (RHPN1, also known as GTP-Rho-binding protein 1) and rhophilin-2 (RHPN2, also known as GTP-Rho-binding protein 2) are Rho-GTP binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal dynamics. Rhophilin-2 inhibits RhoA's activity to induce F-actin stress fibers. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This rhophilin-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 27465579  15 GFRLQGGKdfnvPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAVGDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGE 75
Cdd:cd06712  14 GFTLRGDS----PVQVASVDPGSCAAEAGLKEGDYIVSVGGVDCKWSKHSEVVKLLKSAGE 70

The third LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family; The third LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family: This family consists of paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor proteins to recruit key components of signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous regulatory and structural proteins that together control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression that are necessary for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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gi 27465579 282 CHQCHKIIRGRYLVALGHAYHPEEFVCSQCGKVLEEGGFFEEKGAIFC 329
Cdd:cd09338   1 CGGCNKPILENYISALNTQWHPECFVCRECHKPFINGSFFEHEGLPYC 48

PDZ domain of tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (PTPN3), tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 (PTNP4), and related domains; PDZ (PSD-95 (Postsynaptic density protein 95), Dlg (Discs large protein), and ZO-1 (Zonula occludens-1)) domain of PTPN3, PTPN4 and related domains. PTPN3 (also known as protein-tyrosine phosphatase H1, PTP-H1) has a tumor-suppressive or a tumor-promoting role in many cancers. It serves as a specific phosphatase for the MAP kinase p38gamma; the two interact via their PDZ domains and cooperate to promote Ras-induced oncogenesis. Interaction partners of the PTPN3 PDZ domain include p38gamma and human papillomavirus E6 oncoprotein. PTPN4 (also known as protein-tyrosine phosphatase MEG1) plays a role in immunity, learning, synaptic plasticity or cell homeostasis. p38gamma is also an interaction partner of the PTPN4 PDZ domain: PTPN4 regulates neuronal cell homeostasis by protecting neurons against apoptosis; binding of the C terminus of p38gamma to the PDZ domain of PTPN4, antagonizes the catalytic autoinhibition of PTPN4, leading to cell apoptosis. Other interaction partners of the PTPN4 PDZ domain include glutamate receptor subunit GluN2A, and RABV strain G protein, among others. PDZ domains usually bind in a sequence-specific manner to short peptide sequences located at the C-terminal end of their partner proteins (known as PDZ binding motifs). The PDZ superfamily includes canonical PDZ domains as well as those with circular permutations and domain swapping mediated by beta-strands. This PTPN3-like family domain is a canonical PDZ domain containing six beta-strands A-F and two alpha-helices (alpha-helix 1 and 2), arranged in the order: beta-strands A, B, C, alpha-helix 1, beta-strands D, E, alpha-helix 2 and beta-strand F.

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gi 27465579  15 GFRLQGGKDFNVPLSISRLTPGGKAAQAGVAV--GDWVLSIDGENAGSLTHIEAQNKIRACGERLS 78
Cdd:cd06706  17 GFNVKGGVDQKMPVIVSRVAPGTPADLCIPRLneGDQVLLINGRDISEHTHDQVVMFIKASRERHS 82

The second LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family; The second LIM domain of the paxillin like protein family: This family consists of paxillin, leupaxin, Hic-5 (ARA55), and other related proteins. There are four LIM domains in the C-terminal of the proteins and leucine-rich LD-motifs in the N-terminal region. Members of this family are adaptor proteins to recruit key components of signal-transduction machinery to specific sub-cellular locations. Paxillin is found at the interface between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Paxillin serves as a platform for the recruitment of numerous regulatory and structural proteins that together control the dynamic changes in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression that are necessary for cell migration and survival. Leupaxin is a cytoskeleton adaptor protein, which is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells. It associates with focal adhesion kinases PYK2 and pp125FAK and identified to be a component of the osteoclast pososomal signaling complex. Hic-5 controls cell proliferation, migration and senescence by functioning as coactivator for steroid receptors such as androgen receptor, glucocorticoid receptor and progesterone receptor. LIM domains are 50-60 amino acids in size and share two characteristic zinc finger motifs. The two zinc fingers contain eight conserved residues, mostly cysteines and histidines, which coordinately bond to two zinc atoms. LIM domains function as adaptors or scaffolds to support the assembly of multimeric protein complexes.

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gi 27465579 341 CAKCKKKITGEIMHALKMTWHVPCFTCAACKTPIRNRAFYMEEGAPYCERDY 392
Cdd:cd09337   1 CAYCNGPILDKCVTALDKTWHPEHFFCAQCGKPFGDEGFHEKDGKPYCREDY 52