third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of neuro-oncological ventral antigen (Nova); The family includes two related neuronal RNA-binding proteins, Nova-1 and Nova-2. Nova-1, also called onconeural ventral antigen 1, or paraneoplastic Ri antigen, or ventral neuron-specific protein 1, may regulate RNA splicing or metabolism in a specific subset of developing neurons. It interacts with RNA containing repeats of the YCAY sequence. It is a brain-enriched splicing factor regulating neuronal alternative splicing. Nova-1 is involved in neurological disorders and carcinogenesis. Nova-2, also called astrocytic NOVA1-like RNA-binding protein, is a neuronal RNA-binding protein expressed in a broader central nervous system (CNS) distribution than Nova-1. It functions in neuronal RNA metabolism. NOVA family proteins contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308 397 DVVEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd09031     1 TVIELEVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEIQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAAVQAAQYLIEQRI 71

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of neuro-oncological ventral antigen (Nova); The family includes two related neuronal RNA-binding proteins, Nova-1 and Nova-2. Nova-1, also called onconeural ventral antigen 1, or paraneoplastic Ri antigen, or ventral neuron-specific protein 1, may regulate RNA splicing or metabolism in a specific subset of developing neurons. It interacts with RNA containing repeats of the YCAY sequence. It is a brain-enriched splicing factor regulating neuronal alternative splicing. Nova-1 is involved in neurological disorders and carcinogenesis. Nova-2, also called astrocytic NOVA1-like RNA-binding protein, is a neuronal RNA-binding protein expressed in a broader central nervous system (CNS) distribution than Nova-1. It functions in neuronal RNA metabolism. NOVA family proteins contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308 397 DVVEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd09031     1 TVIELEVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEIQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAAVQAAQYLIEQRI 71

KH domain; KH motifs bind RNA in vitro. Autoantibodies to Nova, a KH domain protein, cause paraneoplastic opsoclonus ataxia.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINlqERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQ 214
Cdd:pfam00013   2 VEILVPSSLVGLIIGKGGSNIKEIREETGAKIQIPPSESEGN--ERIVTITGTPEAVEAAKALIEE 65

KH domain; KH motifs bind RNA in vitro. Autoantibodies to Nova, a KH domain protein, cause paraneoplastic opsoclonus ataxia.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1409137308 398 VVEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEfvpGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQ 465
Cdd:pfam00013   1 TVEILVPSSLVGLIIGKGGSNIKEIREETGAKIQIPPSES---EGNERIVTITGTPEAVEAAKALIEE 65

KH domain; KH motifs bind RNA in vitro. Autoantibodies to Nova, a KH domain protein, cause paraneoplastic opsoclonus ataxia.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSKDfypGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAE 117
Cdd:pfam00013   2 VEILVPSSLVGLIIGKGGSNIKEIREETGAKIQIPPSES---EGNERIVTITGTPEAVEAAKALIEE 65

putative RNA-processing protein; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1409137308  55 IPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKL-SKSKDF--YPGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAV-HGFIAEKIREMPQNVAKTE 130
Cdd:PRK13763    9 IPKDRIGVLIGKKGETKKEIEERTGVKLEIdSETGEViiEPTDGEDPLAVLKARDIVKAIgRGFSPEKALRLLDDDYVLE 88

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1409137308 131 PVSIlqPQTTVNPDRIKQVKiivpnstaGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKpdginlqervvTVS--GEPEQN--- 205
Cdd:PRK13763   89 VIDL--SDYGDSPNALRRIK--------GRIIGEGGKTRRIIEELTGVDISVYGK-----------TVAiiGDPEQVeia 147

                  ....*....
gi 1409137308 206 RKAVELIIQ 214
Cdd:PRK13763  148 REAIEMLIE 156

polynucleotide phosphorylase/polyadenylase; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1409137308 401 IAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGefvpgtrnrKVTITGT-PAATQAAQYLI 463
Cdd:PRK11824  558 IKIPPDKIRDVIGPGGKTIREITEETGAKIDIEDDG---------TVKIAATdGEAAEAAKERI 612

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of neuro-oncological ventral antigen (Nova); The family includes two related neuronal RNA-binding proteins, Nova-1 and Nova-2. Nova-1, also called onconeural ventral antigen 1, or paraneoplastic Ri antigen, or ventral neuron-specific protein 1, may regulate RNA splicing or metabolism in a specific subset of developing neurons. It interacts with RNA containing repeats of the YCAY sequence. It is a brain-enriched splicing factor regulating neuronal alternative splicing. Nova-1 is involved in neurological disorders and carcinogenesis. Nova-2, also called astrocytic NOVA1-like RNA-binding protein, is a neuronal RNA-binding protein expressed in a broader central nervous system (CNS) distribution than Nova-1. It functions in neuronal RNA metabolism. NOVA family proteins contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308 397 DVVEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd09031     1 TVIELEVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEIQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAAVQAAQYLIEQRI 71

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BTR1 and similar proteins; BTR1, also called Binding to ToMV RNA 1, is a negative regulator of tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) multiplication but has no effect on the multiplication of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). BTR1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 399 VEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22514     3 VTIGVPDEHIGAILGRGGRTINEIQQHSGARIKISDRGDFVSGTRNRKVTITGPQDAVQMAQYLLEQKL 71

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BTR1 and similar proteins; BTR1, also called Binding to ToMV RNA 1, is a negative regulator of tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) multiplication but has no effect on the multiplication of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). BTR1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPD-GINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKI 216
Cdd:cd22437     1 VRLLVPNSSCGLIIGKGGSTIKELREDSNANIKISPKDQlLPGSSERIVTITGSFDQVVKAVALILEKL 69

K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain, type I; KH binds single-stranded RNA or DNA. It is found in a wide variety of proteins including ribosomal proteins, transcription factors and post-transcriptional modifiers of mRNA. There are two different KH domains that belong to different protein folds, but they share a single KH motif. The KH motif is folded into a beta alpha alpha beta unit. In addition to the core, type II KH domains (e.g. ribosomal protein S3) include an N-terminal extension and type I KH domains (e.g. hnRNP K) contain a C-terminal extension. Some KH-I superfamily members contain a divergent KH domain that lacks the RNA-binding GXXG motif. Some others have a mutated GXXG motif which may or may not have nucleic acid binding ability.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGinLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELI 212
Cdd:cd00105     1 EEIEVPSELVGLIIGKGGSTIKEIEEETGARIQIPKEGEG--SGERVVTITGTPEAVEKAKELI 62

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of neuro-oncological ventral antigen (Nova); The family includes two related neuronal RNA-binding proteins, Nova-1 and Nova-2. Nova-1, also called onconeural ventral antigen 1, or paraneoplastic Ri antigen, or ventral neuron-specific protein 1, may regulate RNA splicing or metabolism in a specific subset of developing neurons. It interacts with RNA containing repeats of the YCAY sequence. It is a brain-enriched splicing factor regulating neuronal alternative splicing. Nova-1 is involved in neurological disorders and carcinogenesis. Nova-2, also called astrocytic NOVA1-like RNA-binding protein, is a neuronal RNA-binding protein expressed in a broader central nervous system (CNS) distribution than Nova-1. It functions in neuronal RNA metabolism. NOVA family proteins contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGI-NLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKI 216
Cdd:cd22435     4 LKLLVPNYAAGSIIGKGGQTIAQLQKETGARIKLSKNNDFYpGTTERVCLIQGEVEAVNAVLDFILEKI 72

K homology RNA-binding domain;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1409137308  147 KQVKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKpdgiNLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKI 216
Cdd:smart00322   3 VTIEVLIPADKVGLIIGKGGSTIKKIEEETGVKIDIPGP----GSEERVVEITGPPENVEKAAELILEIL 68

K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain, type I; KH binds single-stranded RNA or DNA. It is found in a wide variety of proteins including ribosomal proteins, transcription factors and post-transcriptional modifiers of mRNA. There are two different KH domains that belong to different protein folds, but they share a single KH motif. The KH motif is folded into a beta alpha alpha beta unit. In addition to the core, type II KH domains (e.g. ribosomal protein S3) include an N-terminal extension and type I KH domains (e.g. hnRNP K) contain a C-terminal extension. Some KH-I superfamily members contain a divergent KH domain that lacks the RNA-binding GXXG motif. Some others have a mutated GXXG motif which may or may not have nucleic acid binding ability.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1409137308 399 VEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEfvpGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLI 463
Cdd:cd00105     1 EEIEVPSELVGLIIGKGGSTIKEIEEETGARIQIPKEGE---GSGERVVTITGTPEAVEKAKELI 62

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of neuro-oncological ventral antigen (Nova); The family includes two related neuronal RNA-binding proteins, Nova-1 and Nova-2. Nova-1, also called onconeural ventral antigen 1, or paraneoplastic Ri antigen, or ventral neuron-specific protein 1, may regulate RNA splicing or metabolism in a specific subset of developing neurons. It interacts with RNA containing repeats of the YCAY sequence. It is a brain-enriched splicing factor regulating neuronal alternative splicing. Nova-1 is involved in neurological disorders and carcinogenesis. Nova-2, also called astrocytic NOVA1-like RNA-binding protein, is a neuronal RNA-binding protein expressed in a broader central nervous system (CNS) distribution than Nova-1. It functions in neuronal RNA metabolism. NOVA family proteins contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSKDFYPGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAEKI 119
Cdd:cd09031     3 IELEVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEIQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAAVQAAQYLIEQRI 71

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of poly(C)-binding proteins (PCBPs); The PCBP family, also known as hnRNP E family, comprises four members, PCBP1-4, which are RNA-binding proteins that interact in a sequence-specific manner with single-stranded poly(C) sequences. They are mainly involved in various posttranscriptional regulations, including mRNA stabilization or translational activation/silencing. Besides, PCBPs may share iron chaperone activity. PCBPs contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 158 AGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSqkpDGiNLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKIQED 219
Cdd:cd22438    10 VGSIIGKKGETIKKFREESGARINIS---DG-SCPERIVTVTGTTDAVFKAFELICRKLEED 67

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein PEPPER and similar proteins; The family includes a group of plant RNA-binding KH domain-containing proteins, such as PEPPER, flowering locus K homology domain protein (FLK), RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein RCF3 and KH domain-containing protein HEN4. PEPPER regulates vegetative and gynoecium development. It acts as a positive regulator of the central floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. In concert with HUA2, PEPPER antagonizes FLK by positively regulating FLC probably at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and thus acts as a negative regulator of flowering. FLK, also called flowering locus KH domain protein, regulates positively flowering by repressing FLC expression and post-transcriptional modification. PEPPER and FLK contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. RCF3, also called protein ENHANCED STRESS RESPONSE 1 (ESR1), or protein HIGH OSMOTIC STRESS GENE EXPRESSION 5 (HOS5), or protein REGULATOR OF CBF GENE EXPRESSION 3, or protein SHINY 1 (SHI1), acts as negative regulator of osmotic stress-induced gene expression. It is involved in the regulation of thermotolerance responses under heat stress. It functions as an upstream regulator of heat stress transcription factor (HSF) genes. HEN4, also called protein HUA ENHANCER 4, plays a role in floral reproductive organ identity in the third whorl and floral determinacy specification by specifically promoting the processing of AGAMOUS (AG) pre-mRNA. It functions in association with HUA1 and HUA2. RCF3 and HEN4 contain five KH RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the KH2 domain of PEPPER and FLK, as well as KH2 and KH4 domains of RCF3 and HEN4.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLS---QKPDGINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKIQ 217
Cdd:cd22460     2 ARLLVASSQAGSLIGKGGAIIKQIREESGASVRILpeeELPPCASPDDRVVQISGEAQAVKKALELVSSRLR 73

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the FUBP family RNA/DNA-binding proteins; The far upstream element-binding protein (FUBP) family includes FUBP1-3. FUBP1, also called FBP, or FUSE-binding protein 1, or DNA helicase V, or DH V, binds RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and may act both as activator and repressor of transcription. It regulates MYC expression by binding to a single-stranded far-upstream element (FUSE) upstream of the MYC promoter. FUBP2, also called FUSE-binding protein 2, or KH type-splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), or p75, is a single-strand nucleic acid binding protein implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including splicing in the nucleus, mRNA decay, maturation of miRNA, and transcriptional control of proto-oncogenes such as c-myc. It regulates the stability and/or translatability of many mRNA species, encoding immune-relevant proteins, either by binding to AU-rich elements (AREs) of mRNA 3'UTR or by facilitating miRNA biogenesis to target mRNA. FUBP3, also called FUSE-binding protein 3, or MARTA2, was previously shown to mediate dendritic targeting of MAP2 mRNA in neurons. It may interact with single-stranded DNA from the far-upstream element (FUSE) and activate gene expression. It is required for beta-actin mRNA localization. It also interacts with fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) 3'-UTR UG repeats and positively controls FGF9 expression through increasing translation of FGF9 mRNA. FUBP proteins contain four K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 399 VEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPgtrNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22396     3 EEYKVPDKMVGLIIGRGGEQINRLQAESGAKIQIAPDSGGLP---ERPCTLTGTPDAIETAKRLIDQIV 68

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein (IGF2BP) family; The IGF2BP family includes three members: IGF2BP1/IMP-1/ CRD-BP/ VICKZ1, IGF2BP2/IMP-2/ VICKZ2, and IGF2BP3/IMP-3/VICKZ3, which are RNA-binding factors that recruit target transcripts to cytoplasmic protein-RNA complexes (mRNPs). They function by binding to the 5' UTR of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA and regulating IGF2 translation. IGF2BP proteins contain four K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains which are important in RNA binding and are known to be involved in RNA synthesis and metabolism. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 148 QVKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPD-GINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKIQE 218
Cdd:cd22401     1 PLKILAHNNLCGRLIGKDGRNIKKIMEDTNTKITISSLQDlTSYNPERTITIKGSLEAMSEAESLISEKLRE 72

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BTR1 and similar proteins; BTR1, also called Binding to ToMV RNA 1, is a negative regulator of tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) multiplication but has no effect on the multiplication of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). BTR1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 409 GAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22513    14 GSVIGKGGATINDFQAQSGARIQLSRAQEFFPGTTDRVLLVSGSLNEVLTALNLILEKL 72

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA-binding protein Rnc1 and similar proteins; Rnc1, also called RNA-binding protein that suppresses calcineurin deletion 1, is an RNA-binding protein that acts as an important regulator of the posttranscriptional expression of the MAPK phosphatase Pmp1 in fission yeast. It binds and stabilizes pmp1 mRNA and hence acts as a negative regulator of pmk1 signaling. Overexpression of Rnc1 suppresses the Cl(-) sensitivity of calcineurin deletion. The nuclear export of Rnc1 requires mRNA-binding ability and the mRNA export factor Rae1. Rnc1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGAtiKLSKSKDFYPGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAEKI 119
Cdd:cd22456     2 IRLLIPHSLIGSIIGKGGARIKEIQDGSGA--RLVASKEFLPLSTERILEVQGTPDAIHNATLEIGKTL 68

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein (IGF2BP) family; The IGF2BP family includes three members: IGF2BP1/IMP-1/ CRD-BP/ VICKZ1, IGF2BP2/IMP-2/ VICKZ2, and IGF2BP3/IMP-3/VICKZ3, which are RNA-binding factors that recruit target transcripts to cytoplasmic protein-RNA complexes (mRNPs). They function by binding to the 5' UTR of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA and regulating IGF2 translation. IGF2BP proteins contain four K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains which are important in RNA binding and are known to be involved in RNA synthesis and metabolism. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSKDFYPGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAEKIRE 121
Cdd:cd22401     2 LKILAHNNLCGRLIGKDGRNIKKIMEDTNTKITISSLQDLTSYNPERTITIKGSLEAMSEAESLISEKLRE 72

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) and similar proteins; The family includes PCBP1 (also called alpha-CP1, or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1, or hnRNP E1, or nucleic acid-binding protein SUB2.3) and PCBP2 (also called alpha-CP2, or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E2, or hnRNP E2). They are single-stranded nucleic acid binding proteins that bind preferentially to oligo dC. They act as iron chaperones for ferritin. In case of infection by poliovirus, PCBP1 plays a role in initiation of viral RNA replication in concert with the viral protein 3CD. PCBP2 is a major cellular poly(rC)-binding protein. It also binds poly(rU). PCBP2 negatively regulates cellular antiviral responses mediated by MAVS signaling. It acts as an adapter between MAVS and the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH, therefore triggering MAVS ubiquitination and degradation. PCBP2 forms a metabolon with the heme oxygenase 1/cytochrome P450 reductase complex for heme catabolism and iron transfer. Both PCBP1 and PCBP2 contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308 400 EIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKgefVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRITYE 470
Cdd:cd22521     8 ELTIPNDLIGCIIGRQGAKINEIRQMSGAQIKIANP---VEGSTDRQVTITGSAASISLAQYLINARLSSE 75

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in tudor and KH domain-containing protein (TDRKH) and similar proteins; TDRKH, also called tudor domain-containing protein 2 (TDRD2), is a mitochondria-anchored RNA-binding protein that is required for spermatogenesis and involved in piRNA biogenesis. It specifically recruits MIWI, but not MILI, to engage the piRNA pathway. TDRKH contains two K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains and one tudor domain, which are involved in binding to RNA or single-strand DNA. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1409137308  53 VLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSKDFYPGTTeRVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAEKIREM 122
Cdd:cd22429     6 LHVPQRAVGRIIGRGGETIRSICRTSGAKVKCDRESDDTLDLV-RLITITGTKKEVDAAKSLILEKVSEE 74

fifth type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein RCF3 and similar protein; RCF3, also called protein ENHANCED STRESS RESPONSE 1 (ESR1), or protein HIGH OSMOTIC STRESS GENE EXPRESSION 5 (HOS5), or protein REGULATOR OF CBF GENE EXPRESSION 3, or protein SHINY 1 (SHI1), acts as negative regulator of osmotic stress-induced gene expression. It is involved in the regulation of thermotolerance responses under heat stress. It functions as an upstream regulator of heat stress transcription factor (HSF) genes. HEN4, also called protein HUA ENHANCER 4, plays a role in floral reproductive organ identity in the third whorl and floral determinacy specification by specifically promoting the processing of AGAMOUS (AG) pre-mRNA. It functions in association with HUA1 and HUA2. RCF3 contains five K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the KH5 domain of RCF3.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1409137308 147 KQVKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELII 213
Cdd:cd22463     2 SKIEFQIPEAVVGLIIGKSGNTIKQISERSGAFVAIVQDRYPLEETQKILRISGTEEQLKRAQSLVE 68

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BTR1 and similar proteins; BTR1, also called Binding to ToMV RNA 1, is a negative regulator of tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) multiplication but has no effect on the multiplication of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). BTR1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1409137308  52 KVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSKDFYPGTTERVCLIQGTIEALNAVHGFIAEKI 119
Cdd:cd22514     4 TIGVPDEHIGAILGRGGRTINEIQQHSGARIKISDRGDFVSGTRNRKVTITGPQDAVQMAQYLLEQKL 71

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in poly(rC)-binding protein 4 (PCBP4) and similar proteins; PCBP4, also called alpha-CP4, or heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E4, or hnRNP E4, is a single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that binds preferentially to oligo dC. It regulates both basal and stress-induced p21 expression through binding p21 3'-UTR and modulating p21 mRNA stability. It also plays a role in the cell cycle and is implicated in lung tumor suppression. PCBP4 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1409137308 400 EIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGEfvpGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLIT 464
Cdd:cd22523     5 EFLIPNDLIGCVIGRQGSKISEIRQMSGAHIKIGNQTE---GTSERHVTITGSPVSITLAQYLIT 66

type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Mask family proteins; The Mask family includes Drosophila melanogaster ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein Mask, and its mammalian homologues Mask1/ANKHD1 and Mask2/ANKRD17. Mask, also called multiple ankyrin repeat single KH domain-containing protein, is a large ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein involved in Drosophila receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. It acts as a mediator of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling and may act either downstream of MAPK or transduce signaling through a parallel branch of the RTK pathway. Mask is required for the development and organization of indirect flight muscle sarcomeres by regulating the formation of M line and H zone and the correct assembly of thick and thin filaments in the sarcomere. Mask1/ANKHD1, also called HIV-1 Vpr-binding ankyrin repeat protein, or multiple ankyrin repeats single KH domain, or Hmask, is highly expressed in various cancer tissues and is involved in cancer progression, including proliferation and invasion. Mask2/ANKRD17, also called ankyrin repeat protein 17, or gene trap ankyrin repeat protein (GTAR), or serologically defined breast cancer antigen NY-BR-16, is a ubiquitously expressed ankyrin factor essential for the vascular integrity during embryogenesis. It may be directly involved in the DNA replication process and play pivotal roles in cell cycle and DNA regulation. It is also involved in innate immune defense against bacteria and viruses.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 400 EIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISK-KGEfvPGTRNrkVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22404     4 KVTVPNSAISRVIGRGGCNINAIREVSGAHIEIDKqKGE--QGDRR--ITIKGSADATRQAAQLINALI 68

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA-binding protein Rnc1 and similar proteins; Rnc1, also called RNA-binding protein that suppresses calcineurin deletion 1, is an RNA-binding protein that acts as an important regulator of the posttranscriptional expression of the MAPK phosphatase Pmp1 in fission yeast. It binds and stabilizes pmp1 mRNA and hence acts as a negative regulator of pmk1 signaling. Overexpression of Rnc1 suppresses the Cl(-) sensitivity of calcineurin deletion. The nuclear export of Rnc1 requires mRNA-binding ability and the mRNA export factor Rae1. Rnc1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1409137308 399 VEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKkgEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22456     2 IRLLIPHSLIGSIIGKGGARIKEIQDGSGARLVASK--EFLPLSTERILEVQGTPDAIHNATLEIGKTL 68

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) and similar proteins; hnRNP K, also called transformation up-regulated nuclear protein (TUNP), is a pre-mRNA binding protein that binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. It may be involved in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. It can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. hnRNP K plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. hnRNP K contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLSKSkdfypGTTERVCLIQGTIEAL 108
Cdd:cd22432     4 LRLLIPSKAAGAIIGKGGENIKRLRTEYNASVSVPDS-----SGPERILTISADRETV 56

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana protein BTR1 and similar proteins; BTR1, also called Binding to ToMV RNA 1, is a negative regulator of tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) multiplication but has no effect on the multiplication of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). BTR1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPD---GINlqERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKIQ 217
Cdd:cd22513     4 AKLLVSNAAAGSVIGKGGATINDFQAQSGARIQLSRAQEffpGTT--DRVLLVSGSLNEVLTALNLILEKLL 73

type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in mitochondrial A-kinase anchor protein 1 (AKAP1) and similar proteins; AKAP1, also called A-kinase anchor protein 149 kDa, or AKAP 149, or dual specificity A-kinase-anchoring protein 1, or D-AKAP-1, or protein kinase A-anchoring protein 1 (PRKA1), or spermatid A-kinase anchor protein 84, or S-AKAP84, is a novel developmentally regulated A kinase anchor protein of male germ cells. It binds to type I and II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors them to the cytoplasmic face of the mitochondrial outer membrane.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1409137308 151 IIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINLQerVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQK 215
Cdd:cd22395     4 FEVPSELVGRLIGKQGRNVKQLKQKSGAKIYIKPHPYTQNFQ--ICSIEGTQQQIDKALKLIRKK 66

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA-binding protein Rnc1 and similar proteins; Rnc1, also called RNA-binding protein that suppresses calcineurin deletion 1, is an RNA-binding protein that acts as an important regulator of the posttranscriptional expression of the MAPK phosphatase Pmp1 in fission yeast. It binds and stabilizes pmp1 mRNA and hence acts as a negative regulator of pmk1 signaling. Overexpression of Rnc1 suppresses the Cl(-) sensitivity of calcineurin deletion. The nuclear export of Rnc1 requires mRNA-binding ability and the mRNA export factor Rae1. Rnc1 contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1409137308 401 IAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKkgefVPG--TRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLIT 464
Cdd:cd22457     3 ISIPPDMVGCIIGKGGSKIQEIRRLSGCKISIAK----APHdeTGERMFTITGTPEANDRALRLLY 64

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the FUBP family RNA/DNA-binding proteins; The far upstream element-binding protein (FUBP) family includes FUBP1-3. FUBP1, also called FBP, or FUSE-binding protein 1, or DNA helicase V, or DH V, binds RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and may act both as activator and repressor of transcription. It regulates MYC expression by binding to a single-stranded far-upstream element (FUSE) upstream of the MYC promoter. FUBP2, also called FUSE-binding protein 2, or KH type-splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), or p75, is a single-strand nucleic acid binding protein implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including splicing in the nucleus, mRNA decay, maturation of miRNA, and transcriptional control of proto-oncogenes such as c-myc. It regulates the stability and/or translatability of many mRNA species, encoding immune-relevant proteins, either by binding to AU-rich elements (AREs) of mRNA 3'UTR or by facilitating miRNA biogenesis to target mRNA. FUBP3, also called FUSE-binding protein 3, or MARTA2, was previously shown to mediate dendritic targeting of MAP2 mRNA in neurons. It may interact with single-stranded DNA from the far-upstream element (FUSE) and activate gene expression. It is required for beta-actin mRNA localization. It also interacts with fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) 3'-UTR UG repeats and positively controls FGF9 expression through increasing translation of FGF9 mRNA. FUBP proteins contain four K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 151 IIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLsqKPDGINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELI 212
Cdd:cd22398     4 VPVPRFAVGVVIGKGGEMIKKIQNETGARVQF--KPDDGNSPDRICVITGPPDQVQHAARMI 63

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in tudor and KH domain-containing protein (TDRKH) and similar proteins; TDRKH, also called tudor domain-containing protein 2 (TDRD2), is a mitochondria-anchored RNA-binding protein that is required for spermatogenesis and involved in piRNA biogenesis. It specifically recruits MIWI, but not MILI, to engage the piRNA pathway. TDRKH contains two K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains and one tudor domain, which are involved in binding to RNA or single-strand DNA. The model corresponds to the first one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1409137308 398 VVEIAVPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISKKGefvPGTRN--RKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd22428     6 EIEMKVPREAVGLIIGRQGATIKQIQKETGARIDFKDEG---SGGELpeRVLLIQGNPVQAQRAEEAIHQII 74

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the family of poly(C)-binding proteins (PCBPs); The PCBP family, also known as hnRNP E family, comprises four members, PCBP1-4, which are RNA-binding proteins that interact in a sequence-specific manner with single-stranded poly(C) sequences. They are mainly involved in various posttranscriptional regulations, including mRNA stabilization or translational activation/silencing. Besides, PCBPs may share iron chaperone activity. PCBPs contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1409137308 403 VPENLVGAILGKGGKTLVEYQELTGARIQISkkGEFVPGTRNRKVTITGTPAATQAAQYLITQRI 467
Cdd:cd02396     8 VPASQCGSLIGKGGSKIKEIRESTGASVQVA--SEMLPNSTERAVTISGSPEAITKCVEQICCVM 70

first type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein PEPPER and similar proteins; The family includes a group of plant RNA-binding KH domain-containing proteins, such as PEPPER, flowering locus K homology domain protein (FLK), RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein RCF3 and KH domain-containing protein HEN4. PEPPER regulates vegetative and gynoecium development. It acts as a positive regulator of the central floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. In concert with HUA2, PEPPER antagonizes FLK by positively regulating FLC probably at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and thus acts as a negative regulator of flowering. FLK, also called flowering locus KH domain protein, regulates positively flowering by repressing FLC expression and post-transcriptional modification. PEPPER and FLK contain three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. RCF3, also called protein ENHANCED STRESS RESPONSE 1 (ESR1), or protein HIGH OSMOTIC STRESS GENE EXPRESSION 5 (HOS5), or protein REGULATOR OF CBF GENE EXPRESSION 3, or protein SHINY 1 (SHI1), acts as negative regulator of osmotic stress-induced gene expression. It is involved in the regulation of thermotolerance responses under heat stress. It functions as an upstream regulator of heat stress transcription factor (HSF) genes. HEN4, also called protein HUA ENHANCER 4, plays a role in floral reproductive organ identity in the third whorl and floral determinacy specification by specifically promoting the processing of AGAMOUS (AG) pre-mRNA. It functions in association with HUA1 and HUA2. RCF3 and HEN4 contain five KH RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the KH1 domain of PEPPER and FLK, as well as KH1 and KH3 domains of RCF3 and HEN4.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1409137308 150 KIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINlqERVVTVSGEPE 203
Cdd:cd22459     5 RLLCPVSKAGSVIGKGGEIIKQLRQETGARIKVEDGVPGTE--ERVITISSSEA 56

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in the FUBP family RNA/DNA-binding proteins; The far upstream element-binding protein (FUBP) family includes FUBP1-3. FUBP1, also called FBP, or FUSE-binding protein 1, or DNA helicase V, or DH V, binds RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and may act both as activator and repressor of transcription. It regulates MYC expression by binding to a single-stranded far-upstream element (FUSE) upstream of the MYC promoter. FUBP2, also called FUSE-binding protein 2, or KH type-splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), or p75, is a single-strand nucleic acid binding protein implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including splicing in the nucleus, mRNA decay, maturation of miRNA, and transcriptional control of proto-oncogenes such as c-myc. It regulates the stability and/or translatability of many mRNA species, encoding immune-relevant proteins, either by binding to AU-rich elements (AREs) of mRNA 3'UTR or by facilitating miRNA biogenesis to target mRNA. FUBP3, also called FUSE-binding protein 3, or MARTA2, was previously shown to mediate dendritic targeting of MAP2 mRNA in neurons. It may interact with single-stranded DNA from the far-upstream element (FUSE) and activate gene expression. It is required for beta-actin mRNA localization. It also interacts with fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) 3'-UTR UG repeats and positively controls FGF9 expression through increasing translation of FGF9 mRNA. FUBP proteins contain four K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1409137308 149 VKIIVPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINLQERVVTVSGEPEQNRKAVELIIQKI 216
Cdd:cd22397     2 IEIMIPGNKVGLIIGKGGETIKQLQERAGVKMVMIQDGPQPTGQDKPLRITGDPQKVQRAKELVMELI 69

second type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) and similar proteins; hnRNP K, also called transformation up-regulated nuclear protein (TUNP), is a pre-mRNA binding protein that binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. It may be involved in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. It can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. hnRNP K plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. hnRNP K contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the second one.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1409137308  51 LKVLIPSYAAGSIIGKGGQTIVQLQKETGATIKLskSKDFYPGTTERVCLIQGTIE 106
Cdd:cd22433     4 LRLLVHQSQAGCIIGRAGFKIKELREKTGATIKV--YSECCPRSTDRVVQIGGKPD 57

third type I K homology (KH) RNA-binding domain found in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) and similar proteins; hnRNP K, also called transformation up-regulated nuclear protein (TUNP), is a pre-mRNA binding protein that binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. It may be involved in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. It can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. hnRNP K plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. hnRNP K contains three K-homology (KH) RNA-binding domains. The model corresponds to the third one.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1409137308 148 QVKIivPNSTAGLIIGKGGATVKAIMEQSGAWVQLSQKPDGINlqERVVTVSGEPEQNRKA 208
Cdd:cd22434     5 QVTI--PKDLAGSIIGKGGQRIRQIRHESGASIKIDEPLPGSE--DRIITITGTQDQIQNA 61