Protein Kinases, catalytic domain; The protein kinase superfamily is mainly composed of the catalytic domains of serine/threonine-specific and tyrosine-specific protein kinases. It also includes RIO kinases, which are atypical serine protein kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferases, and choline kinases. These proteins catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to hydroxyl groups in specific substrates such as serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues of proteins.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  68 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 147
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 148 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 227
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495083 228 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 256
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

K+-dependent Na+/Ca+ exchanger; [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds]

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1184495083  341 DNGEAEDQEEKEDAEKENIEKDEDDVDQELANIDPTWIESPKT 383
Cdd:TIGR00927  859 DGGDSEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEENEEPLSLEWPET 901

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  68 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 147
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 148 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 227
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495083 228 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 256
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain; Phosphotransferases. Serine or threonine-specific kinase subfamily.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083   81 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVK--SAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVREsdpsdPNkdmVVQLIDDFKisgmN 158
Cdd:smart00220   1 YEILEKLGEGSFGKVYLARDKKTGKLVAIKVIKkkKIKKDRERILREIKILKKLKH-----PN---IVRLYDVFE----D 68

                           90       100       110       120       130       140
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495083  159 GIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNyQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMCVD 225
Cdd:smart00220  69 EDKLYLVMEYCEGGDLFDLLKKR-GRLSEDEARFYLRQILSALEYLHSK-GIVHRDLKPENILLDED 133

protein kinase; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  75 DLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ--LIDDf 152
Cdd:PTZ00284  125 DVSTQRFKILSLLGEGTFGKVVEAWDRKRKEYCAVKIVRNVPKYTRDAKIEIQFMEKVRQADPADRFPLMKIQryFQNE- 203

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 153 kiSGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKsnYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDAYVRRM 232
Cdd:PTZ00284  204 --TG----HMCIVMPKYGPCLLDWIMK--HGPFSHRHLAQIIFQTGVALDYFHTELHLMHTDLKPENILMETSDTVVDPV 275

                  ....*
gi 1184495083 233 AAEAT 237
Cdd:PTZ00284  276 TNRAL 280

Stk1 family PASTA domain-containing Ser/Thr kinase;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  73 IGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKsaqhyTETALDEIKLLKCVRE----SDPSDPNkdmVVQL 148
Cdd:NF033483    1 IGKLLGGRYEIGERIGRGGMAEVYLAKDTRLDRDVAVKVLR-----PDLARDPEFVARFRREaqsaASLSHPN---IVSV 72

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495083 149 IDdfkiSGMNGIHVCMVFE-VLGhHLLKWIIKSNYQgLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILM 222
Cdd:NF033483   73 YD----VGEDGGIPYIVMEyVDG-RTLKDYIREHGP-LSPEEAVEIMIQILSALEHAH-RNGIVHRDIKPQNILI 140

Protein kinase domain;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 547 TRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGEDysrdedhiahiiellgsiprhfalsgkysREFFNR 626
Cdd:pfam00069 123 TPWYMAPEVLGGNPYGPKVDVWSLGCILYELLTGKPPFPGINGNE-----------------------------IYELII 173

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 627 RGELRHITKLKPWSlfdvlvekygwphEDAaqfTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:pfam00069 174 DQPYAFPELPSNLS-------------EEA---KDLLKKLLKKDPSKRLTATQALQHPWF 217

Serine/threonine protein kinase [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1184495083 525 RVKIADLGNACWVHK-HFTED---IQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGED 591
Cdd:COG0515   145 RVKLIDFGIARALGGaTLTQTgtvVGTPGYMAPEQARGEPVDPRSDVYSLGVTLYELLTGRPPFDGDSPAE 215

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  68 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDPNKDMVVQ 147
Cdd:cd14217     1 YHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLRCVRESDPEDPNKDMVVQ 80

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 148 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 227
Cdd:cd14217    81 LIDDFKISGMNGIHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPIRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 160

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1184495083 228 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 256
Cdd:cd14217   161 YVRRMAAEATEWQKAGAPPPSGSAVSTAP 189

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 2; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK2 mediates neuronal cell cycle and cell death through regulation of nuclear cyclin D1. It has also been found to promote leukemia cell proliferation by regulating cyclin A1. SRPK2 also plays a role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing and is required for spliceosomal B complex formation. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 504 AKTRAADLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYL 583
Cdd:cd14217   184 AVSTAPDLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYL 263

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 584 FEPHSGEDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFL 663
Cdd:cd14217   264 FEPHSGEDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGCIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFL 343

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1184495083 664 IPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd14217   344 IPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 366

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. They play important roles in mediating pre-mRNA processing and mRNA maturation, as well as other cellular functions such as chromatin reorganization, cell cycle and p53 regulation, and metabolic signaling. Vertebrates contain three distinct SRPKs, called SRPK1-3. The SRPK homolog in budding yeast, Sky1p, recognizes and phosphorylates its substrate Npl3p, which lacks a classic RS domain but contains a single RS dipeptide at the C-terminus of its RGG domain. Npl3p is a shuttling heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that exports a distinct class of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 516 LDPRN----ADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSGED 591
Cdd:cd14136   146 IKPENvllcISKIEVKIADLGNACWTDKHFTEDIQTRQYRSPEVILGAGYGTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFDPHSGED 225

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 592 YSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVP 671
Cdd:cd14136   226 YSRDEDHLALIIELLGRIPRSIILSGKYSREFFNRKGELRHISKLKPWPLEDVLVEKYKWSKEEAKEFASFLLPMLEYDP 305

                         170
                  ....*....|....*
gi 1184495083 672 EKRASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd14136   306 EKRATAAQCLQHPWL 320

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Serine-aRginine Protein Kinase 1; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. SRPK1 binds with high affinity the alternative splicing factor, SRSF1 (serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1), and regiospecifically phosphorylates 10-12 serines in its RS domain. It plays a role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, chromatin structure, and germ cell development. SRPKs phosphorylate and regulate splicing factors from the SR protein family by specifically phosphorylating multiple serine residues residing in SR/RS dipeptide motifs (also known as RS domains). Phosphorylation of the RS domains enhances interaction with transportin SR and facilitates entry of the SR proteins into the nucleus. SRPKs contain a nonconserved insert domain, within the well-conserved catalytic kinase domain, that regulates their subcellular localization. The SRPK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 510 DLLVNPLDPRNADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSG 589
Cdd:cd14216   173 NFLVNPLEPKNAEKLKVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSLEVLIGSGYNTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSG 252

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 590 EDYSRDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITKLKPWSLFDVLVEKYGWPHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEM 669
Cdd:cd14216   253 EDYSRDEDHIALIIELLGKVPRKLIVAGKYSKEFFTKKGDLKHITKLKPWGLFEVLVEKYEWSQEEAAGFTDFLLPMLEL 332

                         170
                  ....*....|....*..
gi 1184495083 670 VPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd14216   333 IPEKRATAAECLRHPWL 349

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinases, CDC-like kinases; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. CLKs are involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, which play a crucial role in pre-mRNA splicing by directing splice site selection. SR proteins are phosphorylated first by SR protein kinases (SRPKs) at the N-terminus, which leads to its assembly into nuclear speckles where splicing factors are stored. CLKs phosphorylate the C-terminal part of SR proteins, causing the nuclear speckles to dissolve and splicing factors to be recruited at sites of active transcription. Based on a conserved "EHLAMMERILG" signature motif which may be crucial for substrate specificity, CLKs are also referred to as LAMMER kinases. CLKs autophosphorylate at tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. In Drosophila, the CLK homolog DOA (Darkener of apricot) is essential for embryogenesis and its mutation leads to defects in sexual differentiation, eye formation, and neuronal development. In fission yeast, the CLK homolog Lkh1 is a negative regulator of filamentous growth and asexual flocculation, and is also involved in oxidative stress response. Vertebrates contain mutliple CLK proteins and mammals have four (CLK1-4). The CLK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  71 VKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSdpNKDMVVQLID 150
Cdd:cd14134     4 YKPGDLLTNRYKILRLLGEGTFGKVLECWDRKRKRYVAVKIIRNVEKYREAAKIEIDVLETLAEKDPN--GKSHCVQLRD 81

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 151 DFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILMcVDDAYVR 230
Cdd:cd14134    82 WFDYRG----HMCIVFELLGPSLYDFLKKNNYGPFPLEHVQHIAKQLLEAVAFLH-DLKLTHTDLKPENILL-VDSDYVK 155

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase; Protein Kinases (PKs), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The DYRK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein S/T PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. Vertebrates contain multiple DYRKs (DYRK1-4) and mammals contain two types of DYRK1 proteins, DYRK1A and DYRK1B. DYRK1A is involved in neuronal differentiation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of DS (Down syndrome). DYRK1B plays a critical role in muscle differentiation by regulating transcription, cell motility, survival, and cell cycle progression. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors where it acts as a tumor survival factor. DYRK2 promotes apoptosis in response to DNA damage by phosphorylating the tumor suppressor p53, while DYRK3 promotes cell survival by phosphorylating SIRT1 and promoting p53 deacetylation. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase that may function during spermiogenesis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  67 GYHPVKIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDpnKDMVV 146
Cdd:cd14210     1 GDYKVVLGDHIAYRYEVLSVLGKGSFGQVVKCLDHKTGQLVAIKIIRNKKRFHQQALVEVKILKHLNDNDPDD--KHNIV 78

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495083 147 QLIDDFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMC 223
Cdd:cd14210    79 RYKDSFIFRG----HLCIVFELLSINLYELLKSNNFQGLSLSLIRKFAKQILQALQFLHKL-NIIHCDLKPENILLK 150

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase; Protein Kinases (PKs), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. The DYRK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein S/T PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. Vertebrates contain multiple DYRKs (DYRK1-4) and mammals contain two types of DYRK1 proteins, DYRK1A and DYRK1B. DYRK1A is involved in neuronal differentiation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of DS (Down syndrome). DYRK1B plays a critical role in muscle differentiation by regulating transcription, cell motility, survival, and cell cycle progression. It is overexpressed in many solid tumors where it acts as a tumor survival factor. DYRK2 promotes apoptosis in response to DNA damage by phosphorylating the tumor suppressor p53, while DYRK3 promotes cell survival by phosphorylating SIRT1 and promoting p53 deacetylation. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase that may function during spermiogenesis.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 511 LLVNPldprnaDKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFephSGE 590
Cdd:cd14210   148 LLKQP------SKSSIKVIDFGSSCFEGEKVYTYIQSRFYRAPEVILGLPYDTAIDMWSLGCILAELYTGYPLF---PGE 218

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 591 DysrDEDHIAHIIELLGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHITklkpwslfdVLVEKYGWP---------HEDAAQFTD 661
Cdd:cd14210   219 N---EEEQLACIMEVLGVPPKSLIDKASRRKKFFDSNGKPRPTT---------NSKGKKRRPgskslaqvlKCDDPSFLD 286

                         170       180
                  ....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495083 662 FLIPMLEMVPEKRASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd14210   287 FLKKCLRWDPSERMTPEEALQHPWI 311

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinase, YAK1; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed of proteins with similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae YAK1 (or Yak1p), a dual-specificity kinase that autophosphorylates at tyrosine residues and phosphorylates substrates on S/T residues. YAK1 phosphorylates and activates the transcription factors Hsf1 and Msn2, which play important roles in cellular homeostasis during stress conditions including heat shock, oxidative stress, and nutrient deficiency. It also phosphorylates the protein POP2, a component of a complex that regulates transcription, under glucose-deprived conditions. It functions as a part of a glucose-sensing system that is involved in controlling growth in yeast. The YAK1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  81 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDpSDPNKDMVVQLIDDFkisgMNGI 160
Cdd:cd14212     1 YLVLDLLGQGTFGQVVKCQDLKTNKLVAVKVLKNKPAYFRQAMLEIAILTLLNTKY-DPEDKHHIVRLLDHF----MHHG 75

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1184495083 161 HVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHsKCKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDA 227
Cdd:cd14212    76 HLCIVFELLGVNLYELLKQNQFRGLSLQLIRKFLQQLLDALSVLK-DARIIHCDLKPENILLVNLDS 141

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinases, CDC-like kinases; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. CLKs are involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, which play a crucial role in pre-mRNA splicing by directing splice site selection. SR proteins are phosphorylated first by SR protein kinases (SRPKs) at the N-terminus, which leads to its assembly into nuclear speckles where splicing factors are stored. CLKs phosphorylate the C-terminal part of SR proteins, causing the nuclear speckles to dissolve and splicing factors to be recruited at sites of active transcription. Based on a conserved "EHLAMMERILG" signature motif which may be crucial for substrate specificity, CLKs are also referred to as LAMMER kinases. CLKs autophosphorylate at tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. In Drosophila, the CLK homolog DOA (Darkener of apricot) is essential for embryogenesis and its mutation leads to defects in sexual differentiation, eye formation, and neuronal development. In fission yeast, the CLK homolog Lkh1 is a negative regulator of filamentous growth and asexual flocculation, and is also involved in oxidative stress response. Vertebrates contain mutliple CLK proteins and mammals have four (CLK1-4). The CLK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 525 RVKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSgedysrDEDHIAHIIE 604
Cdd:cd14134   172 DIKLIDFGSATFDDEYHSSIVSTRHYRAPEVILGLGWSYPCDVWSIGCILVELYTGELLFQTHD------NLEHLAMMER 245

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 605 LLGSIPRHFA-LSGKYSREFFNRRGEL---------RHITKL-KPWSLFDVLVekygwpHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEK 673
Cdd:cd14134   246 ILGPLPKRMIrRAKKGAKYFYFYHGRLdwpegsssgRSIKRVcKPLKRLMLLV------DPEHRLLFDLIRKMLEYDPSK 319

                         170
                  ....*....|...
gi 1184495083 674 RASAGECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd14134   320 RITAKEALKHPFF 332

Catalytic domain of CMGC family Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The CMGC family consists of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinases (CDKs), Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38, and other kinases. CDKs belong to a large subfamily of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. MAPKs serve as important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. They control critical cellular functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. They are also implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases including multiple types of cancer, stroke, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. Other members of the CMGC family include casein kinase 2 (CK2), Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase (DYRK), Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3), among many others. The CMGC family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 520 NADKIRVKIADLGNACWVHKHF-TEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGA-GYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFEPHSgedysrDED 597
Cdd:cd05118   135 NLELGQLKLADFGLARSFTSPPyTPYVATRWYRAPEVLLGAkPYGSSIDIWSLGCILAELLTGRPLFPGDS------EVD 208

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 598 HIAHIIELLGsiprhfalsgkysreffnrrgelrhitklkpwslfdvlvekygwphedAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASA 677
Cdd:cd05118   209 QLAKIVRLLG------------------------------------------------TPEALDLLSKMLKYDPAKRITA 240

                  ....*....
gi 1184495083 678 GECLRHPWL 686
Cdd:cd05118   241 SQALAHPYF 249

Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase-like Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. CDKs belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. CDKs are partly regulated by their subcellular localization, which defines substrate phosphorylation and the resulting specific function. CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 have well-defined functions in the cell cycle, such as the regulation of the early G1 phase by CDK4 or CDK6, the G1/S phase transition by CDK2, or the entry of mitosis by CDK1. They also exhibit overlapping cyclin specificity and functions in certain conditions. Knockout mice with a single CDK deleted remain viable with specific phenotypes, showing that some CDKs can compensate for each other. For example, CDK4 can compensate for the loss of CDK6, however, double knockout mice with both CDK4 and CDK6 deleted die in utero. CDK8 and CDK9 are mainly involved in transcription while CDK5 is implicated in neuronal function. CDK7 plays essential roles in both the cell cycle as a CDK-Activating Kinase (CAK) and in transcription as a component of the general transcription factor TFIIH. The CDK-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  81 YHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQH---YTETALDEIKLLKcvresDPSDPNkdmVVQLIDdfKISGM 157
Cdd:cd07829     1 YEKLEKLGEGTYGVVYKAKDKKTGEIVALKKIRLDNEeegIPSTALREISLLK-----ELKHPN---IVKLLD--VIHTE 70

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495083 158 NGIHvcMVFEVLgHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILM 222
Cdd:cd07829    71 NKLY--LVFEYC-DQDLKKYLDKRPGPLPPNLIKSIMYQLLRGLAYCHSH-RILHRDLKPQNLLI 131

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity protein kinase, CDC-like kinase 2; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. CLK2 plays a role in hepatic insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. It is induced by the insulin/Akt pathway as part of the hepatic refeeding reponse, and it directly phosphorylates the SR domain of PGC-1alpha, which results in decreased gluconeogenic gene expression and glucose output. CLKs are involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, which play a crucial role in pre-mRNA splicing by directing splice site selection. SR proteins are phosphorylated first by SR protein kinases (SRPKs) at the N-terminus, which leads to its assembly into nuclear speckles where splicing factors are stored. CLKs phosphorylate the C-terminal part of SR proteins, causing the nuclear speckles to dissolve and splicing factors to be recruited at sites of active transcription. Based on a conserved "EHLAMMERILG" signature motif which may be crucial for substrate specificity, CLKs are also referred to as LAMMER kinases. CLKs autophosphorylate at tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on serine/threonine residues. The CLK2 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  72 KIGDLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWD-MQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSdpNKDMVVQLID 150
Cdd:cd14215     5 RSGDWLQERYEIVSTLGEGTFGRVVQCIDhRRGGARVALKIIKNVEKYKEAARLEINVLEKINEKDPE--NKNLCVQMFD 82

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 151 DFKISGmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMCVDDAYVR 230
Cdd:cd14215    83 WFDYHG----HMCISFELLGLSTFDFLKENNYLPYPIHQVRHMAFQVCQAVKFLHDN-KLTHTDLKPENILFVNSDYELT 157

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Pre-mRNA-Processing factor 4; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. PRP4 phosphorylates a number of factors involved in the formation of active spliceosomes, which catalyze pre-mRNA splicing. It phosphorylates PRP6 and PRP31, components of the U4/U6-U5 tri-small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), during spliceosomal complex formation. In fission yeast, PRP4 phosphorylates the splicing factor PRP1 (U5-102 kD in mammals). Thus, PRP4 plays a key role in regulating spliceosome assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. It also plays an important role in mitosis by acting as a spindle assembly checkpoint kinase that is required for chromosome alignment and the recruitment of the checkpoint proteins MPS1, MAD1, and MAD2 at kinetochores. The PRP4 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  80 RYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQ-GKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVRESDPSDpnKDMVVQLIDDFKISGmn 158
Cdd:cd14135     1 RYRVYGYLGKGVFSNVVRARDLArGNQEVAIKIIRNNELMHKAGLKELEILKKLNDADPDD--KKHCIRLLRHFEHKN-- 76

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1184495083 159 giHVCMVFEVLgHHLLKWIIK--SNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLhSKCKIIHTDIKPENIL 221
Cdd:cd14135    77 --HLCLVFESL-SMNLREVLKkyGKNVGLNIKAVRSYAQQLFLALKHL-KKCNILHADIKPDNIL 137

Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase Like Serine/Threonine Kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed of CDKL1-5 and similar proteins. Some CDKLs, like CDKL1 and CDKL3, may be implicated in transformation and others, like CDKL3 and CDKL5, are associated with mental retardation when impaired. CDKL2 plays a role in learning and memory. CDKs belong to a large family of STKs that are regulated by their cognate cyclins. Together, they are involved in the control of cell-cycle progression, transcription, and neuronal function. The CDKL subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  79 GRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVK---SAQHYTETALDEIKLLKCVREsdpsdPNkdmVVQLIDDFKIS 155
Cdd:cd07833     1 NKYEVLGVVGEGAYGVVLKCRNKATGEIVAIKKFKeseDDEDVKKTALREVKVLRQLRH-----EN---IVNLKEAFRRK 72

                          90       100       110       120       130       140
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1184495083 156 GmngiHVCMVFEVLGHHLLKWIIKSNYqGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENIL 221
Cdd:cd07833    73 G----RLYLVFEYVERTLLELLEASPG-GLPPDAVRSYIWQLLQAIAYCHSH-NIIHRDIKPENIL 132

Serine/threonine protein kinase [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083  75 DLFNGRYHVIRKLGWGHFSTVWLCWDMQGKRFVAMKVVKSAQHYTETALD----EIKLLKCVResdpsDPNkdmVVQLID 150
Cdd:COG0515     3 ALLLGRYRILRLLGRGGMGVVYLARDLRLGRPVALKVLRPELAADPEARErfrrEARALARLN-----HPN---IVRVYD 74

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1184495083 151 DFKISGmngiHVCMVFE-VLGHHLLKWIikSNYQGLPVRCVKSIIRQVLQGLDYLHSKcKIIHTDIKPENILMCVD 225
Cdd:COG0515    75 VGEEDG----RPYLVMEyVEGESLADLL--RRRGPLPPAEALRILAQLAEALAAAHAA-GIVHRDIKPANILLTPD 143

Catalytic domain of the protein kinase, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinase 4; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (S/T) as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. DYRK4 is a testis-specific kinase with restricted expression to postmeiotic spermatids. It may function during spermiogenesis, however, it is not required for male fertility. DYRK4 has also been detected in a human teratocarcinoma cell line induced to produce postmitotic neurons. It may have a role in neuronal differentiation. DYRKs autophosphorylate themselves on tyrosine residues and phosphorylate their substrates exclusively on S/T residues. They play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and development. The DYRK4 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 526 VKIADLGNACWVHKHFTEDIQTRQYRSIEVLIGAGYSTPADIWSTACMAFELATGDYLFephSGEDysrDEDHIAHIIEL 605
Cdd:cd14225   187 IKVIDFGSSCYEHQRVYTYIQSRFYRSPEVILGLPYSMAIDMWSLGCILAELYTGYPLF---PGEN---EVEQLACIMEV 260

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1184495083 606 LGSIPRHFALSGKYSREFFNRRGELRHIT-----KLKPWS--LFDVLvekygwpHEDAAQFTDFLIPMLEMVPEKRASAG 678
Cdd:cd14225   261 LGLPPPELIENAQRRRLFFDSKGNPRCITnskgkKRRPNSkdLASAL-------KTSDPLFLDFIRRCLEWDPSKRMTPD 333