Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of bZIP transcription factors: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors comprise one of the most important classes of enhancer-type transcription factors. They act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes including cell survival, learning and memory, lipid metabolism, and cancer progression, among others. They also play important roles in responses to stimuli or stress signals such as cytokines, genotoxic agents, or physiological stresses. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1063730980  80 KIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETSRLKLIHLEQELDRARQQGFYVG 131
Cdd:cd14708     1 KVLRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLEESVEKLKQLEQELQRARQQGRELG 52

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of uncharaterized BZIP transcription factors with similarity to Triticum aestivum HBP-1b: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is composed primarily of uncharacterized bZIP transciption factors from flowering plants, mosses, clubmosses, and algae. Included in this subfamily is wheat HBP-1b, which contains a C-terminal DOG1 domain, which is a specific plant regulator for seed dormancy. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1063730980  80 KIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETSRLKLIHLEQELDRARQQGFYVG 131
Cdd:cd14708     1 KVLRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLEESVEKLKQLEQELQRARQQGRELG 52

bZIP transcription factor; The Pfam entry includes the basic region and the leucine zipper region.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1063730980  80 KIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLET 108
Cdd:pfam00170   1 KREKRKQSNREAARRSRQRKQAYIEELER 29

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of uncharaterized BZIP transcription factors with similarity to Triticum aestivum HBP-1b: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is composed primarily of uncharacterized bZIP transciption factors from flowering plants, mosses, clubmosses, and algae. Included in this subfamily is wheat HBP-1b, which contains a C-terminal DOG1 domain, which is a specific plant regulator for seed dormancy. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1063730980  80 KIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETSRLKLIHLEQELDRARQQGFYVG 131
Cdd:cd14708     1 KVLRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLEESVEKLKQLEQELQRARQQGRELG 52

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of blue light (BL) receptor aureochrome (AUREO) and similar bZIP domains; AUREO is a BL-activated transcription factor specific to phototrophic stramenopiles. It has a bZIP and a BL-sensing light-oxygen voltage (LOV) domain. It has been shown to mediate BL-induced branching and regulate the development of the sex organ in Vaucheria frigida. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription. This subgroup also includes the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early transcription factor ZEBRA (BZLF1, Zta, Z, EB1). ZEBRA exhibits a variant of the bZIP fold, it has a unique dimer interface and a substantial hydrophobic pocket; it has a C-terminal moiety which stabilizes the coiled coil involved in dimer formation. ZEBRA functions to trigger the switch of EBV's biphasic infection cycle from latent to lytic infection. It activates the promoters of EBV lytic genes by binding ZEBRA response elements (ZREs) and inducing a cascade of expression of over 50 viral genes. It also down regulates latency-associated promoters, is an essential replication factor, induces host cell cycle arrest, and alters cellular immune responses and transcription factor activity.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14809     2 ERRRERNREHARKTRLRKKAYLESLKE---QVAALQAENQRLRQQ 43

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of bZIP transcription factors: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors comprise one of the most important classes of enhancer-type transcription factors. They act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes including cell survival, learning and memory, lipid metabolism, and cancer progression, among others. They also play important roles in responses to stimuli or stress signals such as cytokines, genotoxic agents, or physiological stresses. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14686     2 ERRRERNREAARRSRERKKERIEELEE---EVEELEEENEELKAE 43

bZIP transcription factor; The Pfam entry includes the basic region and the leucine zipper region.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1063730980  80 KIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLET 108
Cdd:pfam00170   1 KREKRKQSNREAARRSRQRKQAYIEELER 29

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Plant Elongated/Long Hypocotyl5 (HY5)-like transcription factors and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is predominantly composed of plant Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors with similarity to Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana HY5. Also included are the Dictyostelium discoideum bZIP transcription factors E and F. HY5 plays an important role in seedling development and is a positive regulator of photomorphogenesis. Plants with decreased levels of HY5 show defects in light responses including inhibited photomorphogenesis, loss of alkaloid organization, and reduced carotenoid accumulation. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQE 119
Cdd:cd14704     2 QRRLLRNRESAQLSRQRKKEYLSELEA---KCRELEAE 36

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-6 (ATF-6) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-6 is a type I membrane-bound Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that binds to the consensus ER stress response element (ERSE) and enhances the transcription of genes encoding glucose-regulated proteins Grp78, Grp94, and calreticulum. ATF-6 is one of three sensors of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in metazoans; the others being the kinases Ire1 and PERK. It contains an ER-lumenal domain that detects unfolded proteins. In response to ER stress, ATF-6 translocates from the ER to the Golgi with simultaneous cleavage in a process called regulated intramembrane proteolysis (Rip) to its transcriptionally competent form, which enters the nucleus and upregulates target UPR genes. The three UPR sensor branches cross-communicate to form a signaling network. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14700     2 QQRMIKNRESACLSRKKKKEYVQSLET---KLEQLKQENQKLKSE 43

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Yeast Activator Protein (YAP) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is composed predominantly of AP-1-like transcription factors including Saccharomyces cerevisiae YAPs, Schizosaccharomyces pombe PAP1, and similar proteins. Members of this subfamily belong to the Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors. The YAP subfamily is composed of eight members (YAP1-8) which may all be involved in stress responses. YAP1 is the major oxidative stress regulator and is also involved in iron metabolism (like YAP5) and detoxification of arsenic (like YAP8). YAP2 is involved in cadmium stress responses while YAP4 and YAP6 play roles in osmotic stress. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1063730980  79 DKIQRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14688     1 DPKERRRAQNREAQRAFRERKKERIKELEQ---RVAELEEELAELEEE 45

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-2 (ATF-2) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that belongs to the Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors. In response to stress, it activates a variety of genes including cyclin A, cyclin D, and c-Jun. ATF-2 also plays a role in the DNA damage response that is independent of its transcriptional activity. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14687     3 KRFLERNRIAASKCRQRKKQWVQQLEE---KVRKLESENKALKAE 44

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of bZIP transcription factors: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; uncharacterized subfamily; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors comprise one of the most important classes of enhancer-type transcription factors. They act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes including cell survival, learning and memory, lipid metabolism, and cancer progression, among others. They also play important roles in responses to stimuli or stress signals such as cytokines, genotoxic agents, or physiological stresses. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAYVQQLETsrlKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14812     2 EARLIRNRAAAQLSRQRKKEEVEELEA---RVKELEAENRRLRQL 43

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Plant G-box binding factor 1 (GBF1)-like transcription factors: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is composed of plant bZIP transciption factors including Arabidopsis thaliana G-box binding factor 1 (GBF1), Zea mays Opaque-2 and Ocs element-binding factor 1 (OCSBF-1), Triticum aestivum Histone-specific transcription factor HBP1 (or HBP-1a), Petroselinum crispum Light-inducible protein CPRF3 and CPRF6, and Nicotiana tabacum BZI-3, among many others. bZIP G-box binding factors (GBFs) contain an N-terminal proline-rich domain in addition to the bZIP domain. GBFs are involved in developmental and physiological processes in response to stimuli such as light or hormones. Opaque-2 plays a role in affecting lysine content and carbohydrate metabolism, acting indirectly on starch/amino acid ratio. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1063730980  82 QRRLAQNREAARKSRLRKKAY----VQQLETSRLKLIHLEQELDRARQQ 126
Cdd:cd14702     2 RRRKQSNRESARRSRMRKQAHleelEAQVEQLRAENSTLRAELNALSQE 50