Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF-4) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-4 was also isolated and characterized as the cAMP-response element binding protein 2 (CREB2). It is a Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that has been reported to act as both an activator or repressor. It is a critical component in both the unfolded protein response (UPR) and amino acid response (AAR) pathways. Under certain stress conditions, ATF-4 transcription is increased; accumulation of ATF-4 induces the expression of genes involved in amino acid metabolism and transport, mitochondrial function, redox chemistry, and others that ensure protein synthesis and recovery from stress. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 595582406 209 DRKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLLIEV 271
Cdd:cd14692    1 EKKERKREQNKNAATRYRQKKREEKEELLSEEEELEDRNRELKDEVEELQREINYLKDLLREV 63

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF-4) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-4 was also isolated and characterized as the cAMP-response element binding protein 2 (CREB2). It is a Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that has been reported to act as both an activator or repressor. It is a critical component in both the unfolded protein response (UPR) and amino acid response (AAR) pathways. Under certain stress conditions, ATF-4 transcription is increased; accumulation of ATF-4 induces the expression of genes involved in amino acid metabolism and transport, mitochondrial function, redox chemistry, and others that ensure protein synthesis and recovery from stress. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 595582406 209 DRKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLLIEV 271
Cdd:cd14692    1 EKKERKREQNKNAATRYRQKKREEKEELLSEEEELEDRNRELKDEVEELQREINYLKDLLREV 63

bZIP transcription factor; The Pfam entry includes the basic region and the leucine zipper region.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 595582406  210 RKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLL 268
Cdd:pfam00170   1 KREKRKQSNREAARRSRQRKQAYIEELERRVKALEGENKTLRSELEELKKEVEKLKSKN 59

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF-4) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-4 was also isolated and characterized as the cAMP-response element binding protein 2 (CREB2). It is a Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that has been reported to act as both an activator or repressor. It is a critical component in both the unfolded protein response (UPR) and amino acid response (AAR) pathways. Under certain stress conditions, ATF-4 transcription is increased; accumulation of ATF-4 induces the expression of genes involved in amino acid metabolism and transport, mitochondrial function, redox chemistry, and others that ensure protein synthesis and recovery from stress. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 595582406 209 DRKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLLIEV 271
Cdd:cd14692    1 EKKERKREQNKNAATRYRQKKREEKEELLSEEEELEDRNRELKDEVEELQREINYLKDLLREV 63

bZIP transcription factor; The Pfam entry includes the basic region and the leucine zipper region.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 595582406  210 RKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLL 268
Cdd:pfam00170   1 KREKRKQSNREAARRSRQRKQAYIEELERRVKALEGENKTLRSELEELKKEVEKLKSKN 59

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Fungal Zip1-like transcription factors: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is composed of fungal bZIP transcription factors including Schizosaccharomyces pombe Zip1, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Methionine-requiring protein 28 (Met28p), and Neurospora crassa cys-3, among others. Zip1 is required for the production of key proteins involved in sulfur metabolism and also plays a role in cadmium response. Met28p acts as a cofactor of Met4p, a transcriptional activator of the sulfur metabolic network; it stabilizes DNA:Met4 complexes. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 595582406 212 QKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVK 265
Cdd:cd14705    2 EEKRRRNTAASARFRAKKKQREQELEEKLKELEERIKELERRLDELESENKFLK 55

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-2 (ATF-2) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that belongs to the Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors. In response to stress, it activates a variety of genes including cyclin A, cyclin D, and c-Jun. ATF-2 also plays a role in the DNA damage response that is independent of its transcriptional activity. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 595582406 210 RKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLLIE 270
Cdd:cd14687    1 KRKRFLERNRIAASKCRQRKKQWVQQLEEKVRKLESENKALKAEVDKLREEVLDLKNLLLA 61

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Activating Transcription Factor-3 (ATF-3) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; ATF-3 is a Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that is induced by various stress signals such as cytokines, genetoxic agents, or physiological stresses. It is implicated in cancer and host defense against pathogens. It negatively regulates the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and is critical in preventing acute inflammatory syndromes. Mice deficient with ATF3 display increased susceptibility to endotoxic shock induced death. ATF3 dimerizes with Jun and other ATF proteins; the heterodimers function either as activators or repressors depending on the promoter context. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 595582406 210 RKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVKDLL 268
Cdd:cd14722    1 RRRRRRERNKVAAAKCRNKKKERTDCLQKESEKLETQNAELKRQIEELKNEKQHLIDML 59

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Plant Elongated/Long Hypocotyl5 (HY5)-like transcription factors and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; This subfamily is predominantly composed of plant Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors with similarity to Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana HY5. Also included are the Dictyostelium discoideum bZIP transcription factors E and F. HY5 plays an important role in seedling development and is a positive regulator of photomorphogenesis. Plants with decreased levels of HY5 show defects in light responses including inhibited photomorphogenesis, loss of alkaloid organization, and reduced carotenoid accumulation. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 595582406 211 KQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVERE 260
Cdd:cd14704    1 RQRRLLRNRESAQLSRQRKKEYLSELEAKCRELEAENAELEARVELLQAE 50

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of BATF proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor ATF-like (BATF or SFA2), BATF2 (or SARI) and BATF3 form heterodimers with Jun proteins. They function as inhibitors of AP-1-driven transcription. Unlike most bZIP transcription factors that contain additional domains, BATF and BATF3 contain only the the bZIP DNA-binding and dimerization domain. BATF2 contains an additional C-terminal domain of unknown function. BATF:Jun hetrodimers preferentially bind to TPA response elements (TREs) with the consensus sequence TGA(C/G)TCA, and can also bind to a TGACGTCA cyclic AMP response element (CRE). In addition to negative regulation, BATF proteins also show positive transcriptional activities in the development of classical dendritic cells and T helper cell subsets, and in antibody production. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 595582406 209 DRKQKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQYVK 265
Cdd:cd14701    2 QKKVRRREKNRDAAQRSRQKQTEKADKLHEESESLERANAALRKEIKDLTEELKYLT 58

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of Bombyx mori chorion b-ZIP transcription factor and similar bZIP domains; Bombyx mori chorion b-ZIP transcription factor, is encoded by the Cbz gene. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 595582406 214 KRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREI 261
Cdd:cd14813    4 KRDKNNEASRRSRLNRKQKEQEMQKEAEELERENEALKVKVEELEKEL 51

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; XBP1, a member of the Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family, is the key transcription factor that orchestrates the unfolded protein response (UPR). It is the most conserved component of the UPR and is critical for cell fate determination in response to ER stress. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)-XBP1 pathway is one of the three major sensors at the ER membrane that initiates the UPR upon activation. IRE1, a type I transmembrane protein kinase and endoribonuclease, oligomerizes upon ER stress leading to its increased activity. It splices the XBP1 mRNA, producing a variant that translocates to the nucleus and activates its target genes, which are involved in protein folding, degradation, and trafficking. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 595582406 212 QKKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQ 262
Cdd:cd14691    5 LRRKLKNRVAAQTARDRKKARMDELEERVRELEEENQKLRAENESLRARNE 55

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of CREBZF/Zhangfei transcription factor and similar proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain; CREBZF (also called Zhangfei, ZF, LAZip, or SMILE) is a neuronal bZIP transcription factor that is involved in the infection cycle of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and related cellular processes. It suppresses the ability of the HSV transactivator VP16 to initiate the viral replicative cycle. CREBZF has also been implicated in the regulation of the human nerve growth factor receptor trkA and the tumor suppressor p53. bZIP factors act in networks of homo and heterodimers in the regulation of a diverse set of cellular processes. The bZIP structural motif contains a basic region and a leucine zipper, composed of alpha helices with leucine residues 7 amino acids apart, which stabilize dimerization with a parallel leucine zipper domain. Dimerization of leucine zippers creates a pair of the adjacent basic regions that bind DNA and undergo conformational change. Dimerization occurs in a specific and predictable manner resulting in hundreds of dimers having unique effects on transcription.

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                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 595582406 213 KKRDQNKSAALRYRQRKRAEGEALEGECQGLEARNRELKERAESVEREIQ 262
Cdd:cd14706    3 EVMSKNAIAARENRLKKKEYVENLEKSVDKLKSENKELKKANKKLQKLVE 52