BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily; Proteins in this superfamily are characterized by the presence of a common protein-protein interaction motif of about 100 amino acids, known as the BTB/POZ domain. Members include transcription factors, oncogenic proteins, ion channel proteins, and potassium channel tetramerization domain (KCTD) proteins. They have been identified in poxviruses and many eukaryotes, and have diverse functions, such as transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, protein degradation and cytoskeletal regulation. Many BTB/POZ proteins contain one or two additional domains, such as kelch repeats, zinc-finger domains, FYVE (Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1) fingers, or ankyrin repeats, among others. These special additional domains or interaction partners provide unique characteristics and functions to BTB/POZ proteins. In ion channel proteins and KCTD proteins, the BTB/POZ domain is also called the tetramerization (T1) domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAI 74
Cdd:cd18368    27 MLARMFSDDSTWPSSRDENGAYLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLILNDGLNPLGVLEEAKFFGIQSLIEILEQLI 100

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 9 (KCTD9); KCTD9 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that contributes to liver injury through NK cell activation during hepatitis B virus-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure. It functions as a substrate-specific adaptor of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. The KCTD9 BTB domain forms a pentameric structure.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAI 74
Cdd:cd18368    27 MLARMFSDDSTWPSSRDENGAYLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLILNDGLNPLGVLEEAKFFGIQSLIEILEQLI 100

type III secretion system effector PipB2;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 108 GLNFSGADLSRLDLRYINFKMANLSRCNLAHANLCCANLERADLSGSVLDCANLQGVKMLCSNAEGASLKLCNFEDPSGL 187
Cdd:PRK15196  176 GANLEGAVLFMADCEGANFKGANLSGTSLGDSNFKNACLEDSIMCGATLDHANLTGANLQHASLLGCSMIECNCSGANMD 255

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2462619961 188 KANLEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLEncdlsGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAIFEEMLT 266
Cdd:PRK15196  256 HTNLSGATLIRADMSGATLQGATIMAAIMEGAVLTRANLRKASFISTNLD-----GADLAEANLNNTCFKDCTLTHLRT 329

Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac; Domain in Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac. Also known as POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain. Known to be a protein-protein interaction motif found at the N-termini of several C2H2-type transcription factors as well as Shaw-type potassium channels. Known structure reveals a tightly intertwined dimer formed via interactions between N-terminal strand and helix structures. However in a subset of BTB/POZ domains, these two secondary structures appear to be missing. Be aware SMART predicts BTB/POZ domains without the beta1- and alpha1-secondary structures.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961   17 DHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGiNLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAIKNS 77
Cdd:smart00225  37 DKSEIYLDDVSPEDFRALLNFLYTGKLDLPEE-NVEELLELADYLQIPGLVELCEEFLLKL 96

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 9 (KCTD9); KCTD9 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that contributes to liver injury through NK cell activation during hepatitis B virus-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure. It functions as a substrate-specific adaptor of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. The KCTD9 BTB domain forms a pentameric structure.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAI 74
Cdd:cd18368    27 MLARMFSDDSTWPSSRDENGAYLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLILNDGLNPLGVLEEAKFFGIQSLIEILEQLI 100

Uncharacterized conserved protein YjbI, contains pentapeptide repeats [Function unknown];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 111 FSGADLSRLDLRYINFKMANLSRCNLAHANLCCANLERADLSGSVLDCANLQGVKMLcsNAEGASLKLCNFEDPSGLKAN 190
Cdd:COG1357    31 LSGANLSGANLSGANLTGANLSGADLSGADLSGANLSGADLSGANLTGADLSGANLA--NLSGANLSGANLSGANLRGAN 108

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961 191 LEGANLKGVDMEGsqmtginlrvATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAIF 261
Cdd:COG1357   109 LSGANLSGADLSG----------ADLSGANLSGADLSGANLSGANLSGADLSGADLSGANLSGANLSGANL 169

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing proteins KCTD2, KCTD5, and KCTD17, and similar proteins; This subfamily includes potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing proteins KCTD2, KCTD5, and KCTD17, all of which function as adaptors of Cullin3 based ubiquitin E3 ubiquitin ligases. KCTD2 suppresses gliomagenesis by destabilizing c-Myc. KCTD5 is a negative regulator of the AKT pathway, a key signaling cascade frequently deregulated in cancer. KCTD5 does not impact the operation of Kv4.2, Kv3.4, Kv2.1, or Kv1.2 channels. KCTD17 polyubiquitylates trichoplein, a protein involved in ciliogenesis down-regulation. It is a positive regulator of ciliogenesis, playing a crucial role in the initial steps of axoneme extension. A missense mutation in KCTD17 causes autosomal dominant myoclonus-dystonia (M-D). The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. KCTD5 and KCTD17 BTB domains form pentamer structures.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462619961  16 QDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFF 61
Cdd:cd18362    40 KDETGAYLIDRDPTYFGPILNYLRHGKLIIDKDLAEEGVLEEAEFY 85

type III secretion system effector PipB2;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 106 CQGLNFSGADLSRLDLRYINFKMANLSR-----CNLAHANLCCANLERADLSG-SVLDCaNLQGVKMLCSNAEGASLKLC 179
Cdd:PRK15196  189 CEGANFKGANLSGTSLGDSNFKNACLEDsimcgATLDHANLTGANLQHASLLGcSMIEC-NCSGANMDHTNLSGATLIRA 267

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 2462619961 180 NFEDpsglkANLEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGS 254
Cdd:PRK15196  268 DMSG-----ATLQGATIMAAIMEGAVLTRANLRKASFISTNLDGADLAEANLNNTCFKDCTLTHLRTEDATMSTS 337

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 5 (KCTD5); KCTD5 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that functions as a substrate adaptor for cullin3 based ubiquitin E3 ligases. It is a negative regulator of the AKT pathway, a key signaling cascade frequently deregulated in cancer. KCTD5 does not impact the operation of Kv4.2, Kv3.4, Kv2.1, or Kv1.2 channels. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. KCTD5 forms pentamers mediated by its BTB domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961  16 QDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAIK 75
Cdd:cd18390    45 KDETGAYLIDRDPTYFGPVLNYLRHGKLVINKDLAEEGVLEEAEFYNITSLIKLVKDKIR 104

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing proteins; The potassium channel tetramerization domain (KCTD) family proteins contain the BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, which is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD proteins play crucial roles in a variety of fundamental biological processes, such as protein ubiquitination and degradation, suppression of proliferation or transcription, cytoskeleton regulation, tetramerization and gating of ion channels and others. Some KCTD proteins are involved in protein ubiquitination as part of the CRL (Cullin RING Ligase) E3 ligases. Some others show Cullin-independent functions including binding and regulation of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors (KCTD8, KCTD12 and KCTD16) and inhibition of AP-2 function (KCTD15). KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQL-IVNDGINLLGVLEEARFF 61
Cdd:cd18316    24 LLAALFS--GRWPLPRDEDGSIFIDRDPELFRHILNFLRTGKLpLPSDFVELEELLAEAEFY 83

type III secretion system effector PipB;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 110 NFSGADLSRLDLRYINFKMANLSRCNLAHANLCCANLERADLSGSVLDCANLQGVKMLCSNAEGaslklcnfedpsglkA 189
Cdd:PRK15197  165 DFQGEDLSDIDASNADFRETTLSNVNLVGANLCCANLHAVNLMGSNMTKANLTHADLTCANMSG---------------V 229

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961 190 NLEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAK-LKNCNLRGA 229
Cdd:PRK15197  230 NLTAAILFGSDLTDTKLNGAKLDKIALTLAKaLTGADLTGS 270

Uncharacterized conserved protein YjbI, contains pentapeptide repeats [Function unknown];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 102 SELRCQGLNFSGADLSRLDLRYINFKMANLSRCNLAHANLCCANLERADLSGSVLDCANLQGVKMlcSNAEGASLKLCNF 181
Cdd:COG1357   100 SGANLRGANLSGANLSGADLSGADLSGANLSGADLSGANLSGANLSGADLSGADLSGANLSGANL--SGANLANLEGADL 177

                  .
gi 2462619961 182 E 182
Cdd:COG1357   178 K 178

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels and potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing (KCTD) proteins; This family includes two protein groups: voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels and potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing (KCTD) proteins. Kv channels are membrane proteins with fundamental physiological roles. They are responsible for a variety of electrical phenomena, such as the repolarization of the action potential, spike frequency adaptation, synaptic repolarization, and smooth muscle contraction. KCTD proteins play crucial roles in a variety of fundamental biological processes, such as protein ubiquitination and degradation, suppression of proliferation or transcription, cytoskeleton regulation, tetramerization and gating of ion channels, and others. All family members contain the BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, which is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFF 61
Cdd:cd18187    24 LLGRMFK-PGREFTFPNETGEYFIDRDPTVFRTILNYYRTGKLNCPDGISIPDLREECDFY 83

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in Arabidopsis thaliana FH protein interacting protein FIP2 and similar proteins; FIP2 may act as a substrate-specific adaptor of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. It contains a BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, which is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQL-IVNDGINLLG-VLEEARFFGIDSL 66
Cdd:cd18376    24 MLAAMFS--GRHSLKKDEDGSYFIDRDGTHFRHILNYLRDGEVkIPTEDRSVLKeLLEEAEYYQLRGL 89

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in SH3KBP1-binding protein 1 (SHKBP1); SHKBP1, also called SETA-binding protein 1, interacts with cathepsin B and participates in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. It can promote epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling by interrupting c-Cbl-CIN85 complex and inhibiting EGFR degradation. It contains a BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462619961  16 QDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNdGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEV 72
Cdd:cd18393    40 KDETGAIFIDRDPTVFAPILNFLRTKELDPR-GIHVSLLLHEAQFYGITPLVRRLQL 95

Pentapeptide repeats (8 copies); These repeats are found in many cyanobacterial proteins. The repeats were first identified in hglK. The function of these repeats is unknown. The structure of this repeat has been predicted to be a beta-helix. The repeat can be approximately described as A(D/N)LXX, where X can be any amino acid.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 219 AKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKG 258
Cdd:pfam00805   1 ANLSGANLSGANLSGANLSGANLTGANLSGADLSGANLSG 40

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 3 (KCTD3); KCTD3, also called renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-45, is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that is an accessory subunit of potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 (HCN3), upregulating its cell-surface expression and current density without affecting its voltage dependence and kinetics. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462619961  16 QDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVnDGINLLGVLEEARFFGI 63
Cdd:cd18392    40 KDETGAIFIDRDPTAFVPILNFLRTKELDL-RGVNINVLRHEAEFYGI 86

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 21 (KCTD21); KCTD21, also calledz KCTD containing, Cullin3 adaptor, suppressor of Hedgehog 2 (KCASH2), is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that functions as a substrate-specific adaptor of cullin-3, promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of histone deacetylase HDAC1, thereby inhibiting the deacetylation-mediated transcriptional activation of the Hedgehog effectors Gli1 and Gli2. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLE-EARFFGIDSLIEHLE 71
Cdd:cd18395    26 MLGAMFS--GKFPTKKDSQGNCFIDRDGKIFRYILNFLRTSHLDLPEDFQEMGLLKrEADFYQIQPLIEALQ 95

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 13 (KCTD13); KCTD13, also called BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 1 (BACURD1), or TNFAIP1-like protein, is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that may function as a substrate-specific adaptor of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates the ubiquitination of RhoA, leading to its degradation by the proteasome, thereby regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. The KCTD13 BTB domain forms a novel two-fold symmetric tetramer that is distinct from the tetramer formed by voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961  17 DHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLG-VLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAIK 75
Cdd:cd18400    40 DSEGWVLIDRSGRHFGTILNYLRDGSVPLPESTRELEeLLGEARYYLVQGLVEDCQLALQ 99

Pentapeptide repeats (8 copies); These repeats are found in many cyanobacterial proteins. The repeats were first identified in hglK. The function of these repeats is unknown. The structure of this repeat has been predicted to be a beta-helix. The repeat can be approximately described as A(D/N)LXX, where X can be any amino acid.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462619961 129 ANLSRCNLAHANLCCANLERADLSGSVLDCANLQGVKM 166
Cdd:pfam00805   1 ANLSGANLSGANLSGANLSGANLTGANLSGADLSGANL 38

Pentapeptide repeats (8 copies); These repeats are found in many cyanobacterial proteins. The repeats were first identified in hglK. The function of these repeats is unknown. The structure of this repeat has been predicted to be a beta-helix. The repeat can be approximately described as A(D/N)LXX, where X can be any amino acid.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 2462619961 210 NLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQ 247
Cdd:pfam00805   2 NLSGANLSGANLSGANLSGANLTGANLSGADLSGANLS 39

type III secretion system effector PipB;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961 190 NLEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAI-FEEML--T 266
Cdd:PRK15197  165 DFQGEDLSDIDASNADFRETTLSNVNLVGANLCCANLHAVNLMGSNMTKANLTHADLTCANMSGVNLTAAIlFGSDLtdT 244

                  ...
gi 2462619961 267 PLH 269
Cdd:PRK15197  245 KLN 247

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 6 (KCTD6); KCTD6, also called KCTD containing, Cullin3 adaptor, suppressor of Hedgehog 3 (KCASH3), is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that functions as a substrate-specific adaptor of cullin-3, regulating protein levels of the muscle small ankyrin-1 isoform 5 (sAnk1.5) as well as suppressing histone deacetylase and Hedgehog activity in medulloblastoma. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVL-EEARFFGIDSLIEHL 70
Cdd:cd18394    28 MLGAMFR--GDFPTARDSQGNYFIDRDGPLFRYILNFLRTSELTLPVDFKEFDLLrKEADFYQIEPLIQCL 96

Pentapeptide repeats (9 copies);

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2462619961 199 VDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLR-----GSNVKGAIFE 262
Cdd:pfam13599   1 ADFTRCSFEGCKLSGTEFYHATLKDCNFTECNLVNVNFDDCNLRDVDFLEAQLKnaqfsGCNLKNSNFS 69

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 14 (KCTD14); KCTD14 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein with unknown biological function. KCTD proteins play crucial roles in a variety of fundamental biological processes, such as protein ubiquitination and degradation, suppression of proliferation or transcription, cytoskeleton regulation, tetramerization and gating of ion channels and others. Some KCTD proteins are involved in protein ubiquitination as part of the CRL (Cullin RING Ligase) E3 ligases. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961   2 LAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNdgiNLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLE 71
Cdd:cd18371    28 LAELFN--GQPKLRTDSEGRYFIDRDGTYFRYILEYLRTNQVPTQ---HIQEVYKEALFYDIEPLVKLLE 92

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 4 (KCTD4); KCTD4 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein with an unknown biological function. KCTD proteins play crucial roles in a variety of fundamental biological processes, such as protein ubiquitination and degradation, suppression of proliferation or transcription, cytoskeleton regulation, tetramerization and gating of ion channels and others. Some KCTD proteins are involved in protein ubiquitination as part of the CRL (Cullin RING Ligase) E3 ligases. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462619961   2 LAHMFKDKGVwgNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLE-EARFFGI 63
Cdd:cd18364    26 LEGMVNGKIQ--CTVDADGNYFIDRDGLLFRHVLNFLRNGELLLPEGFQENQLLAlEADFYQL 86

type III secretion system effector PipB2;

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462619961 198 GVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAIFEE 263
Cdd:PRK15196  151 GMNLKGAVLTGANLTAENLCDADLSGANLEGAVLFMADCEGANFKGANLSGTSLGDSNFKNACLED 216

Pentapeptide repeats (9 copies);

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 2462619961 175 SLKLCNFEdpsglKANLEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANL 251
Cdd:pfam13599   7 SFEGCKLS-----GTEFYHATLKDCNFTECNLVNVNFDDCNLRDVDFLEAQLKNAQFSGCNLKNSNFSDVKLKGADF 78

Pentapeptide repeats (9 copies);

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961 191 LEGANLKGVDMEGSQMTGINLRVATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAIF 261
Cdd:pfam13599   8 FEGCKLSGTEFYHATLKDCNFTECNLVNVNFDDCNLRDVDFLEAQLKNAQFSGCNLKNSNFSDVKLKGADF 78

Pentapeptide repeats (9 copies);

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961 214 ATLKNAKLKNCNLRGATLAGTDLENCDLSGCDLQEANLRGSNVKGAIFEEM 264
Cdd:pfam13599   1 ADFTRCSFEGCKLSGTEFYHATLKDCNFTECNLVNVNFDDCNLRDVDFLEA 51

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels; Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are composed of alpha subunits, which form the actual conductance pore, and beta subunits, which are auxiliary proteins that associate with alpha subunits to modulate the activity of the Kv channel. This family includes several groups of alpha subunits such as KCNA/Kv1 family of Shaker-type Kv channels, KCNB/Kv2 family of Shab-type Kv channels, KCNC/Kv3 family of Shaw-type Kv channels, KCND/Kv4 family of Shal-type Kv channels, KCNF/Kv5 subfamily of Kv channels, KCNG/Kv6 subfamily of Kv channels, KCNV/Kv8 subfamily of Kv channels, and KCNS/Kv9 subfamily of Kv channels. Kv alpha subunits form functional homo- or hetero-tetrameric channels (typically with other alpha subunits from the same subfamily) through their BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, which is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif. KCNQ/Kv7 channels are not included in this family, since they do not contain a BTB/POZ domain.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 2462619961   2 LAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHrgaFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQL 43
Cdd:cd18317    25 LGKLAKESHAYDESTNE---YFFDRNPEVFEAILDYYRTGEL 63

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 12 (KCTD12); KCTD12, also called predominantly fetal expressed T1 domain (Pfetin), is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that is an auxiliary subunit of GABAB receptors associated with mood disorders. It regulates agonist potency and kinetics of GABAB receptor signaling. It promotes tumorigenesis by facilitating CDC25B/CDK1/Aurora A-dependent G2/M transition. It also regulates colorectal cancer cell stemness through the ERK pathway. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLE-EARFFGIDSLIEHL 70
Cdd:cd18397    28 LLWHMFSQQKPGELARDSKGRFFLDRDGFLFRYILDYLRDLQLVLPDYFPERSRLQrEAEFFQLPELVKRL 98

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 10 (KCTD10); KCTD10, also called BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 3 (BACURD3), is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and polymerase delta, and participates in DNA repair, DNA replication, and cell-cycle control. Its down-regulation could inhibit cell proliferation. KCTD10 also plays crucial roles in embryonic angiogenesis and heart development in mammals by negatively regulating the Notch signaling pathway. Furthermore, KCTD10 may function as a substrate-specific adaptor of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. The KCTD10 BTB domain forms a novel two-fold symmetric tetramer that is distinct from the tetramer formed by voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 2462619961  17 DHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQL-IVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAIKNSQPPE 81
Cdd:cd18399    45 DSEGWILIDRCGKHFGTILNYLRDGAVpLPESRREIEELLAEAKYYLVQGLVEECQAALQNKDTYE 110

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 1, endothelial (TNFAIP1); TNFAIP1, also called BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 2 (BACURD2), or protein B12, is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that is involved in DNA replication, DNA damage repair and cell apoptosis, and is implicated in human diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization. The BTB domains of other BACURD subfamily members, KCTD10 and KCTD13, form a novel two-fold symmetric tetramer that is distinct from the tetramer formed by voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKdkGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIV-NDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHLEVAIKNSQ 78
Cdd:cd18401    27 MLKAMFS--GRMEVLTDKEGWILIDRCGKHFGTILNYLRDDTVALpKSRQEIKELMAEAKYYLIQGLVDMCQAALQDKK 103

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein KCTD8; KCTD8, a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein, is an auxiliary subunit of GABA-B receptors that determine the pharmacology and kinetics of the receptor response. It interacts as a tetramer with GABRB1 and GABRB2. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 2462619961   2 LAHMFKDKGVWGNKQDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGI-NLLGVLEEARFFGIDSLIEHL 70
Cdd:cd18396    30 LASMFSRRAARELPRDNRGRFFIDRDGFLFRYVLDYLRDKQLALPDHFpEKERLLREAEYFQLGDLVKLL 99

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in potassium channel tetramerization domain-containing protein 16 (KCTD16); KCTD16 is a BTB/POZ domain-containing protein that is an auxiliary subunit of GABAB receptors associated with mood disorders. It interacts with amyloid beta precursor protein (APP), a type I transmembrane protein involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion and axon guidance. The BTB/POZ domain, also known as tetramerization (T1) domain, is a versatile protein-protein interaction motif that facilitates homodimerization or heterodimerization. KCTD family BTB domains can adopt a wide range of oligomerization geometries, including homodimerization, tetramerization, and pentamerization.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462619961   1 MLAHMFKDKGVWGNK--QDHRGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLE-EARFFGIDSLIEHL 70
Cdd:cd18398    28 LLWKMFSPKRDTANDlaKDSKGRFFIDRDGFLFRYILDYLRDRQVVLPDHFPEKGRLKrEAEYFQLPDLVKLL 100

BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain found in KCNG/Kv6 subfamily of potassium voltage-gated channels; Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are composed of alpha subunits, which form the actual conductance pore, and cytoplasmic beta subunits, which are auxiliary proteins that associate with alpha subunits to modulate the activity of the Kv channel. The potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Kv6, also known as subfamily G, includes KCNG1 (Kv6.1), KCNG2 (Kv6.2 or KCNF2), KCNG3 (Kv6.3) and KCNG4 (Kv6.4), which are regulatory alpha subunits and do not form functional channels on their own. KCNG1 can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1 (also known as Kv2.1), and further modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1. KCNG2, also called cardiac potassium channel subunit, can form functional heterodimeric channels with KCNB1, and further modulates channel activity by shifting the threshold and the half-maximal activation to more negative values. KCNG3, also called voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv10.1, is an electrically silent modulatory subunit that can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1, and further promotes a reduction in the rate of activation and inactivation of the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB1. KCNG4 is a silent voltage-gated potassium (KvS) channel subunit that can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1, and further modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 2462619961  19 RGAFLIDRSPEYFEPILNYLRHGQLIVNDGINLLGVLEEARFFGIDSliEHLE 71
Cdd:cd18382    48 RNEFFFDRSPEAFGVILLFLRAGKLRLLREMCALSFQEELAYWGIEE--AHLE 98