adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 isoform X2 [Danio rerio]
Protein Classification
List of domain hits
| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||||
| Latrophilin | pfam02354 | Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal ... |
1123-1539 | 4.17e-164 | |||||||
Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal region in latrophilin. Latrophilin is a synaptic Ca2+ independent alpha- latrotoxin (LTX) receptor and is a novel member of the secretin family of G-protein coupled receptors that are involved in secretion. Latrophilin mRNA is present only in neuronal tissue. Lactrophillin interacts with G-alpha O. : Pssm-ID: 460538 Cd Length: 378 Bit Score: 499.78 E-value: 4.17e-164
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| 7tm_GPCRs super family | cl28897 | seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily; This hierarchical evolutionary ... |
866-1123 | 5.46e-159 | |||||||
seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily; This hierarchical evolutionary model represents the seven-transmembrane (7TM) receptors, often referred to as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which transmit physiological signals from the outside of the cell to the inside via G proteins. GPCRs constitute the largest known superfamily of transmembrane receptors across the three kingdoms of life that respond to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli including peptides, lipids, neurotransmitters, amino acids, hormones, and sensory stimuli such as light, smell and taste. All GPCRs share a common structural architecture comprising of seven-transmembrane (TM) alpha-helices interconnected by three extracellular and three intracellular loops. A general feature of GPCR signaling is agonist-induced conformational changes in the receptors, leading to activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of the guanine nucleotide-binding G-alpha subunit and the dimeric G-beta-gamma subunits. The activated G proteins then bind to and activate numerous downstream effector proteins, which generate second messengers that mediate a broad range of cellular and physiological processes. However, some 7TM receptors, such as the type 1 microbial rhodopsins, do not activate G proteins. Based on sequence similarity, GPCRs can be divided into six major classes: class A (the rhodopsin-like family), class B (the Methuselah-like, adhesion and secretin-like receptor family), class C (the metabotropic glutamate receptor family), class D (the fungal mating pheromone receptors), class E (the cAMP receptor family), and class F (the frizzled/smoothened receptor family). Nearly 800 human GPCR genes have been identified and are involved essentially in all major physiological processes. Approximately 40% of clinically marketed drugs mediate their effects through modulation of GPCR function for the treatment of a variety of human diseases including bacterial infections. The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member cd16005: Pssm-ID: 475119 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 481.37 E-value: 5.46e-159
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| OLF | smart00284 | Olfactomedin-like domains; |
160-415 | 5.36e-138 | |||||||
Olfactomedin-like domains; : Pssm-ID: 128580 Cd Length: 255 Bit Score: 425.02 E-value: 5.36e-138
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHN3 | cd22846 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; ... |
52-150 | 6.44e-68 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3), also called adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 (ADGRL3), or calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor 3 (CIRL-3), or lectomedin-3, is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor that plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and neuron guidance via its interactions with FLRT2 and FLRT3 that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells. It is involved in the development of glutamatergic synapses in the cortex. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of LPHN3. : Pssm-ID: 438703 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 99 Bit Score: 223.05 E-value: 6.44e-68
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| GAIN | pfam16489 | GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and ... |
562-782 | 1.62e-50 | |||||||
GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and beta-strands that is found in cell-adhesion GPCRs and precedes the GPS motif where the autoproteolysis occurs, family, pfam01825. The full GAIN domain, comprises the GPS and the GAIN, in cell-adhesion GPCRs, and is the functional unit for autoproteolysis. The GPS motif at the end of the GAIN domain is an ancient domain that exists in primitive ancestor organizms, and the full GAIN + GPS is conserved in all cell-adhesion GPCRs and all PKD1-related proteins. : Pssm-ID: 465137 Cd Length: 205 Bit Score: 177.84 E-value: 1.62e-50
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| GPS | smart00303 | G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin ... |
806-858 | 6.23e-18 | |||||||
G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin REJ and polycystin. : Pssm-ID: 197639 Cd Length: 49 Bit Score: 78.58 E-value: 6.23e-18
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| HormR | smart00008 | Domain present in hormone receptors; |
493-553 | 1.13e-14 | |||||||
Domain present in hormone receptors; : Pssm-ID: 214468 Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 70.24 E-value: 1.13e-14
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| PHA03247 super family | cl33720 | large tegument protein UL36; Provisional |
424-539 | 1.45e-03 | |||||||
large tegument protein UL36; Provisional The actual alignment was detected with superfamily member PHA03247: Pssm-ID: 223021 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 3151 Bit Score: 43.39 E-value: 1.45e-03
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||||
| Latrophilin | pfam02354 | Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal ... |
1123-1539 | 4.17e-164 | |||||||
Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal region in latrophilin. Latrophilin is a synaptic Ca2+ independent alpha- latrotoxin (LTX) receptor and is a novel member of the secretin family of G-protein coupled receptors that are involved in secretion. Latrophilin mRNA is present only in neuronal tissue. Lactrophillin interacts with G-alpha O. Pssm-ID: 460538 Cd Length: 378 Bit Score: 499.78 E-value: 4.17e-164
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin-3 | cd16005 | Latrophilin-3, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
866-1123 | 5.46e-159 | |||||||
Latrophilin-3, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320671 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 481.37 E-value: 5.46e-159
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| OLF | smart00284 | Olfactomedin-like domains; |
160-415 | 5.36e-138 | |||||||
Olfactomedin-like domains; Pssm-ID: 128580 Cd Length: 255 Bit Score: 425.02 E-value: 5.36e-138
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| OLF | pfam02191 | Olfactomedin-like domain; |
162-414 | 6.31e-117 | |||||||
Olfactomedin-like domain; Pssm-ID: 460482 Cd Length: 246 Bit Score: 367.24 E-value: 6.31e-117
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| 7tm_2 | pfam00002 | 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family); This family is known as Family B, the ... |
867-1102 | 2.59e-90 | |||||||
7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family); This family is known as Family B, the secretin-receptor family or family 2 of the G-protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs). They have been described in many animal species, but not in plants, fungi or prokaryotes. Three distinct sub-families are recognized. Subfamily B1 contains classical hormone receptors, such as receptors for secretin and glucagon, that are all involved in cAMP-mediated signalling pathways. Subfamily B2 contains receptors with long extracellular N-termini, such as the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97; calcium-independent receptors for latrotoxin, and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors amongst others. Subfamily B3 includes Methuselah and other Drosophila proteins. Other than the typical seven-transmembrane region, characteriztic structural features include an amino-terminal extracellular domain involved in ligand binding, and an intracellular loop (IC3) required for specific G-protein coupling. Pssm-ID: 459625 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 293.42 E-value: 2.59e-90
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHN3 | cd22846 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; ... |
52-150 | 6.44e-68 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3), also called adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 (ADGRL3), or calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor 3 (CIRL-3), or lectomedin-3, is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor that plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and neuron guidance via its interactions with FLRT2 and FLRT3 that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells. It is involved in the development of glutamatergic synapses in the cortex. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of LPHN3. Pssm-ID: 438703 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 99 Bit Score: 223.05 E-value: 6.44e-68
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| GAIN | pfam16489 | GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and ... |
562-782 | 1.62e-50 | |||||||
GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and beta-strands that is found in cell-adhesion GPCRs and precedes the GPS motif where the autoproteolysis occurs, family, pfam01825. The full GAIN domain, comprises the GPS and the GAIN, in cell-adhesion GPCRs, and is the functional unit for autoproteolysis. The GPS motif at the end of the GAIN domain is an ancient domain that exists in primitive ancestor organizms, and the full GAIN + GPS is conserved in all cell-adhesion GPCRs and all PKD1-related proteins. Pssm-ID: 465137 Cd Length: 205 Bit Score: 177.84 E-value: 1.62e-50
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| Gal_Lectin | pfam02140 | Galactose binding lectin domain; |
66-146 | 5.63e-33 | |||||||
Galactose binding lectin domain; Pssm-ID: 460460 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 122.40 E-value: 5.63e-33
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| GPS | smart00303 | G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin ... |
806-858 | 6.23e-18 | |||||||
G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin REJ and polycystin. Pssm-ID: 197639 Cd Length: 49 Bit Score: 78.58 E-value: 6.23e-18
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| GPS | pfam01825 | GPCR proteolysis site, GPS, motif; The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for ... |
808-852 | 3.25e-15 | |||||||
GPCR proteolysis site, GPS, motif; The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for auto-proteolysis, so is thus named, GPS. The GPS motif is a conserved sequence of ~40 amino acids containing canonical cysteine and tryptophan residues, and is the most highly conserved part of the domain. In most, if not all, cell-adhesion GPCRs these undergo autoproteolysis in the GPS between a conserved aliphatic residue (usually a leucine) and a threonine, serine, or cysteine residue. In higher eukaryotes this motif is found embedded in the C-terminal beta-stranded part of a GAIN domain - GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN). The GAIN-GPS domain adopts a fold in which the GPS motif, at the C-terminus, forms five beta-strands that are tightly integrated into the overall GAIN domain. The GPS motif, evolutionarily conserved from tetrahymena to mammals, is the only extracellular domain shared by all human cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, and is the locus of multiple human disease mutations. The GAIN-GPS domain is both necessary and sufficient functionally for autoproteolysis, suggesting an autoproteolytic mechanism whereby the overall GAIN domain fine-tunes the chemical environment in the GPS to catalyze peptide bond hydrolysis. In the cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, the GPS motif is always located at the end of their long N-terminal extracellular regions, immediately before the first transmembrane helix of the respective protein. Pssm-ID: 460350 Cd Length: 44 Bit Score: 70.80 E-value: 3.25e-15
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| HormR | smart00008 | Domain present in hormone receptors; |
493-553 | 1.13e-14 | |||||||
Domain present in hormone receptors; Pssm-ID: 214468 Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 70.24 E-value: 1.13e-14
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| HRM | pfam02793 | Hormone receptor domain; This extracellular domain contains four conserved cysteines that ... |
493-547 | 1.35e-09 | |||||||
Hormone receptor domain; This extracellular domain contains four conserved cysteines that probably for disulphide bridges. The domain is found in a variety of hormone receptors. It may be a ligand binding domain. Pssm-ID: 397086 Cd Length: 64 Bit Score: 55.45 E-value: 1.35e-09
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| PHA03247 | PHA03247 | large tegument protein UL36; Provisional |
424-539 | 1.45e-03 | |||||||
large tegument protein UL36; Provisional Pssm-ID: 223021 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 3151 Bit Score: 43.39 E-value: 1.45e-03
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| Name | Accession | Description | Interval | E-value | |||||||
| Latrophilin | pfam02354 | Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal ... |
1123-1539 | 4.17e-164 | |||||||
Latrophilin Cytoplasmic C-terminal region; This family consists of the cytoplasmic C-terminal region in latrophilin. Latrophilin is a synaptic Ca2+ independent alpha- latrotoxin (LTX) receptor and is a novel member of the secretin family of G-protein coupled receptors that are involved in secretion. Latrophilin mRNA is present only in neuronal tissue. Lactrophillin interacts with G-alpha O. Pssm-ID: 460538 Cd Length: 378 Bit Score: 499.78 E-value: 4.17e-164
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin-3 | cd16005 | Latrophilin-3, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
866-1123 | 5.46e-159 | |||||||
Latrophilin-3, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320671 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 481.37 E-value: 5.46e-159
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin | cd15436 | Latrophilins, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; ... |
866-1123 | 2.45e-151 | |||||||
Latrophilins, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320552 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 460.80 E-value: 2.45e-151
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin_Adhesion_I | cd15252 | Latrophilins and similar receptors, group I adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of ... |
866-1122 | 5.63e-151 | |||||||
Latrophilins and similar receptors, group I adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Group I adhesion GPCRs consist of latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) and ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein. These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320380 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 257 Bit Score: 460.05 E-value: 5.63e-151
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| OLF | smart00284 | Olfactomedin-like domains; |
160-415 | 5.36e-138 | |||||||
Olfactomedin-like domains; Pssm-ID: 128580 Cd Length: 255 Bit Score: 425.02 E-value: 5.36e-138
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin-1 | cd16007 | Latrophilin-1, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
866-1122 | 1.62e-137 | |||||||
Latrophilin-1, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320673 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 423.95 E-value: 1.62e-137
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| 7tmB2_Latrophilin-2 | cd16006 | Latrophilin-2, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
866-1122 | 4.53e-136 | |||||||
Latrophilin-2, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320672 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 420.09 E-value: 4.53e-136
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| 7tmB2_latrophilin-like_invertebrate | cd15440 | invertebrate latrophilin-like receptors, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane ... |
866-1122 | 1.77e-123 | |||||||
invertebrate latrophilin-like receptors, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This subgroup includes latrophilin-like proteins that are found in invertebrates such as insects and worms. Latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors) belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of vertebrate latrophilins have been identified: LPH1 (latrophilin-1), LPH2, and LPH3. The latrophilin-1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. Latrophilin-2 and -3, although sharing strong sequence homology to latrophilin-1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While latrophilin-3 is also brain specific, latrophilin-2 is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. ETL, a seven transmembrane receptor containing EGF-like repeats is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. The function of the ETL is unknown. All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320556 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 259 Bit Score: 385.85 E-value: 1.77e-123
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| OLF | pfam02191 | Olfactomedin-like domain; |
162-414 | 6.31e-117 | |||||||
Olfactomedin-like domain; Pssm-ID: 460482 Cd Length: 246 Bit Score: 367.24 E-value: 6.31e-117
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| 7tmB2_CD97 | cd15438 | CD97 antigen, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; ... |
869-1121 | 1.18e-97 | |||||||
CD97 antigen, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group II adhesion GPCRs, including the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97 and the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-module-containing, mucin-like hormone receptor (EMR1-4), are primarily expressed in cells of the immune system. All EGF-TM7 receptors, which belong to the B2 subfamily B2 of adhesion GPCRs, are members of group II, except for ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin related protein), which is classified into group I. Members of the EGF-TM7 receptors are characterized by the presence of varying numbers of N-terminal EGF-like domains, which play critical roles in ligand recognition and cell adhesion, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CD97, alternative splicing results in three isoforms possessing either three (EGF1,2,5), four (EGF1,2,3,5) or five (EGF1,2,3,4,5) EGF-like domains. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. For example, CD97, which is involved in angiogenesis and the migration and invasion of tumor cells, has been shown to promote cell aggregation in a GPS proteolysis-dependent manner. CD97 is widely expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes and smooth muscle cells as well as in a variety of human tumors including colorectal, gastric, esophageal pancreatic, and thyroid carcinoma. EMR2 shares strong sequence homology with CD97, differing by only six amino acids. However, unlike CD97, EMR2 is not found in those of CD97-positive tumor cells and is not expressed on lymphocytes but instead on monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. CD97 has three known ligands: CD55, decay-accelerating factor for regulation of complement system; chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix; and the integrin alpha5beta1, which play a role in angiogenesis. Although EMR2 does not effectively interact with CD55, the fourth EGF-like domain of this receptor binds to chondroitin sulfate to mediate cell attachment. Pssm-ID: 320554 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 261 Bit Score: 314.78 E-value: 1.18e-97
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| 7tmB2_ETL | cd15437 | Epidermal Growth Factor, latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1; ... |
868-1119 | 1.40e-92 | |||||||
Epidermal Growth Factor, latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1; member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein) belongs to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include latrophilins (also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors). All adhesion GPCRs possess large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, coupled to a seven-transmembrane domain. ETL, for instance, contains EGF-like repeats, which also present in other EGF-TM7 adhesion GPCRs, such as Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSR1-3), EGF-like module receptors (EMR1-3), CD97, and Flamingo. ETL is highly expressed in heart, where developmentally regulated, as well as in normal smooth cells. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320553 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 258 Bit Score: 300.25 E-value: 1.40e-92
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| 7tmB2_Adhesion | cd15040 | adhesion receptors, subfamily B2 of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1117 | 9.93e-92 | |||||||
adhesion receptors, subfamily B2 of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs consists of cell-adhesion receptors with 33 members in humans and vertebrates. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing a variety of structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. These include, for example, EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like domains in CD97, Celsr1 (cadherin family member), Celsr2, Celsr3, EMR1 (EGF-module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1), EMR2, EMR3, and Flamingo; two laminin A G-type repeats and nine cadherin domains in Flamingo and its human orthologs Celsr1, Celsr2 and Celsr3; olfactomedin-like domains in the latrotoxin receptors; and five or four thrombospondin type 1 repeats in BAI1 (brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1), BAI2 and BAI3. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320168 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 253 Bit Score: 297.56 E-value: 9.93e-92
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| 7tm_2 | pfam00002 | 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family); This family is known as Family B, the ... |
867-1102 | 2.59e-90 | |||||||
7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family); This family is known as Family B, the secretin-receptor family or family 2 of the G-protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs). They have been described in many animal species, but not in plants, fungi or prokaryotes. Three distinct sub-families are recognized. Subfamily B1 contains classical hormone receptors, such as receptors for secretin and glucagon, that are all involved in cAMP-mediated signalling pathways. Subfamily B2 contains receptors with long extracellular N-termini, such as the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97; calcium-independent receptors for latrotoxin, and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors amongst others. Subfamily B3 includes Methuselah and other Drosophila proteins. Other than the typical seven-transmembrane region, characteriztic structural features include an amino-terminal extracellular domain involved in ligand binding, and an intracellular loop (IC3) required for specific G-protein coupling. Pssm-ID: 459625 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 248 Bit Score: 293.42 E-value: 2.59e-90
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| 7tmB2_EMR | cd15439 | epidermal growth factor-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptors, member of the ... |
866-1119 | 4.41e-83 | |||||||
epidermal growth factor-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptors, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group II adhesion GPCRs, including the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-module-containing, mucin-like hormone receptor (EMR1-4) and the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97, are primarily expressed in cells of the immune system. All EGF-TM7 receptors, which belong to the B2 subfamily of adhesion GPCRs, are members of group II, except for ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin related protein), which is classified into group I. Members of the EGF-TM7 receptors are characterized by the presence of varying number of N-terminal EGF-like domains, which play critical roles in ligand recognition and cell adhesion, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of EMR2, alternative splicing results in four isoforms possessing either two (EGF1,2), three (EGF1,2,5), four (EGF1,2,3,5) or five (EGF1,2,3,4,5) EGF-like domains. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. EMR2 shares strong sequence homology with CD97, differing by only six amino acids. CD97 is widely expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes and smooth muscle cells as well as in a variety of human tumors including colorectal, gastric, esophageal pancreatic, and thyroid carcinoma. However, unlike CD97, EMR2 is not found in those of CD97-positive tumor cells and is not expressed on lymphocytes but instead on monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. CD97 has three known ligands: CD55, decay-accelerating factor for regulation of complement system; chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix; and the integrin alpha5beta1, which play a role in angiogenesis. Although EMR2 does not effectively interact with CD55, the fourth EGF-like domain of this receptor binds to chondroitin sulfate to mediate cell attachment. Pssm-ID: 320555 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 263 Bit Score: 273.45 E-value: 4.41e-83
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| 7tmB2_GPR133-like_Adhesion_V | cd15933 | orphan GPR133 and related proteins, group V adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of ... |
866-1117 | 4.84e-78 | |||||||
orphan GPR133 and related proteins, group V adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group V adhesion GPCRs include orphan receptors GPR133, GPR144, and closely related proteins. The function of GPR144 has not yet been characterized, whereas GPR133 is highly expressed in the pituitary gland and is coupled to the G(s) protein, leading to activation of adenylate cyclase pathway. Moreover, genetic variations in the GPR133 have been reported to be associated with adult height and heart rate. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320599 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 252 Bit Score: 258.41 E-value: 4.84e-78
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| 7tm_classB | cd13952 | class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The class B of ... |
866-1117 | 1.09e-74 | |||||||
class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The class B of seven-transmembrane GPCRs is classified into three major subfamilies: subfamily B1 (secretin-like receptor family), B2 (adhesion family), and B3 (Methuselah-like family). The class B receptors have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, as well as invertebrates including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but are not present in plants, fungi or prokaryotes. The B1 subfamily comprises receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the subfamily B1 receptors preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. The subfamily B2 consists of cell-adhesion receptors with 33 members in humans and vertebrates. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing a variety of structural motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. These include, for example, EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like domains in CD97, Celsr1 (cadherin family member), Celsr2, Celsr3, EMR1 (EGF-module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1), EMR2, EMR3, and Flamingo; two laminin A G-type repeats and nine cadherin domains in Flamingo and its human orthologs Celsr1, Celsr2 and Celsr3; olfactomedin-like domains in the latrotoxin receptors; and five or four thrombospondin type 1 repeats in BAI1 (brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1), BAI2 and BAI3. Almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Furthermore, the subfamily B3 includes Methuselah (Mth) protein, which was originally identified in Drosophila as a GPCR affecting stress resistance and aging, and its closely related proteins. Pssm-ID: 410627 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 260 Bit Score: 249.05 E-value: 1.09e-74
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| 7tmB2_CELSR_Adhesion_IV | cd15441 | cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors, group IV adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 ... |
867-1122 | 7.56e-74 | |||||||
cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors, group IV adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Celsr3 is expressed in both the developing and adult mouse brain. It has been functionally implicated in proper neuron migration and axon guidance in the CNS. Pssm-ID: 320557 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 254 Bit Score: 246.39 E-value: 7.56e-74
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHN3 | cd22846 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; ... |
52-150 | 6.44e-68 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-3 and similar proteins; Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3), also called adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L3 (ADGRL3), or calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor 3 (CIRL-3), or lectomedin-3, is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor that plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and neuron guidance via its interactions with FLRT2 and FLRT3 that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells. It is involved in the development of glutamatergic synapses in the cortex. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of LPHN3. Pssm-ID: 438703 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 99 Bit Score: 223.05 E-value: 6.44e-68
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| 7tmB2_EMR_Adhesion_II | cd15931 | EGF-like module receptors, group II adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of ... |
869-1119 | 5.18e-67 | |||||||
EGF-like module receptors, group II adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group II adhesion GPCRs, including the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97 and the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-module-containing, mucin-like hormone receptor (EMR1-4), are primarily expressed in cells of the immune system. All EGF-TM7 receptors, which belong to the B2 subfamily B2 of adhesion GPCRs, are members of group II, except for ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin related protein), which is classified into group I. Members of the EGF-TM7 receptors are characterized by the presence of varying numbers of N-terminal EGF-like domains, which play critical roles in ligand recognition and cell adhesion, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CD97, alternative splicing results in three isoforms possessing either three (EGF1,2,5), four (EGF1,2,3,5) or five (EGF1,2,3,4,5) EGF-like domains. On the other hand, EMR2 generates four isoforms possessing either two (EGF1,2), three (EGF1,2,5), four (EGF1,2,3,5) or five (EGF1,2,3,4,5) EGF-like domains. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. For example, CD97, which is involved in angiogenesis and the migration and invasion of tumor cells, has been shown to promote cell aggregation in a GPS proteolysis-dependent manner. CD97 is widely expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes and smooth muscle cells as well as in a variety of human tumors including colorectal, gastric, esophageal pancreatic, and thyroid carcinoma. EMR2 shares strong sequence homology with CD97, differing by only six amino acids. However, unlike CD97, EMR2 is not found in those of CD97-positive tumor cells and is not expressed on lymphocytes but instead on monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. CD97 has three known ligands: CD55, decay-accelerating factor for regulation of complement system; chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix; and the integrin alpha5beta1, which play a role in angiogenesis. Although EMR2 does not effectively interact with CD55, the fourth EGF-like domain of this receptor binds to chondroitin sulfate to mediate cell attachment. Pssm-ID: 320597 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 262 Bit Score: 227.40 E-value: 5.18e-67
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHN1 | cd22844 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-1 and similar proteins; ... |
53-149 | 8.02e-60 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-1 and similar proteins; Latrophilin-1 (LPHN1), also called adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L1 (ADGRL1), or calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor 1 (CIRL-1), or lectomedin-2, is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor that mediates the effect of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of LPHN1. Pssm-ID: 438701 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 97 Bit Score: 199.89 E-value: 8.02e-60
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHN2 | cd22845 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-2 and similar proteins; ... |
53-149 | 8.42e-58 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilin-2 and similar proteins; Latrophilin-2 (LPHN2), also called adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2 (ADGRL2), or calcium-independent alpha-latrotoxin receptor 2 (CIRL-2), or latrophilin homolog 1 (LPHH1), or lectomedin-1, is ubiquitously distributed calcium-independent receptor of low affinity for alpha-latrotoxin, an excitatory neurotoxin present in black widow spider venom which triggers massive exocytosis from neurons and neuroendocrine cells. It is probably implicated in the regulation of exocytosis. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of LPHN2. Pssm-ID: 438702 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 97 Bit Score: 194.07 E-value: 8.42e-58
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| 7tmB2_CELSR1 | cd15991 | Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 1, member of the class B2 family of ... |
867-1115 | 1.56e-55 | |||||||
Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 1, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320657 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 254 Bit Score: 193.91 E-value: 1.56e-55
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LPHNs | cd22826 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilins; Latrophilins, also called ... |
54-146 | 1.90e-54 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in latrophilins; Latrophilins, also called lectomedins or latrotoxin receptors, belong to Group I adhesion GPCRs, which also include ETL (EGF-TM7-latrophilin-related protein). These receptors are a member of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Three subtypes of latrophilins have been identified: latrophilin-1 (LPHN1), Latrophilin-2 (LPHN2), and Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3). The LPHN1 is a brain-specific calcium-independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the black widow spider that induces massive neurotransmitter release from sensory and motor neurons as well as endocrine cells, leading to nerve-terminal degeneration. LPHN2 and LPHN3, although sharing strong sequence homology to LPHN1, do not bind alpha-latrotoxin. While LPHN3 is also brain specific, LPHN2, is ubiquitously distributed. The endogenous ligands for these two receptors are unknown. All members in this family contain a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain at N-terminus. Pssm-ID: 438683 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 184.44 E-value: 1.90e-54
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| 7tmB2_GPR133 | cd15256 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR133, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1117 | 6.04e-54 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR133, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR133 is an orphan receptor that belongs to the group V adhesion-GPCRs together with GPR144. The function of GPR144 has not yet been characterized, whereas GPR133 is highly expressed in the pituitary gland and is coupled to the Gs protein, leading to activation of adenylyl cyclase pathway. Moreover, genetic variations in the GPR133 have been reported to be associated with adult height and heart rate. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320384 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 260 Bit Score: 189.75 E-value: 6.04e-54
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| GAIN | pfam16489 | GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and ... |
562-782 | 1.62e-50 | |||||||
GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain; The GAIN a domain of alpha-helices and beta-strands that is found in cell-adhesion GPCRs and precedes the GPS motif where the autoproteolysis occurs, family, pfam01825. The full GAIN domain, comprises the GPS and the GAIN, in cell-adhesion GPCRs, and is the functional unit for autoproteolysis. The GPS motif at the end of the GAIN domain is an ancient domain that exists in primitive ancestor organizms, and the full GAIN + GPS is conserved in all cell-adhesion GPCRs and all PKD1-related proteins. Pssm-ID: 465137 Cd Length: 205 Bit Score: 177.84 E-value: 1.62e-50
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| 7tmB2_CELSR2 | cd15992 | Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2, member of the class B2 family of ... |
867-1128 | 2.50e-46 | |||||||
Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320658 Cd Length: 255 Bit Score: 167.69 E-value: 2.50e-46
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| 7tmB2_CELSR3 | cd15993 | Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3, member of the class B2 family of ... |
868-1117 | 1.01e-43 | |||||||
Cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The group IV adhesion GPCRs include the cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs) and their Drosophila homolog Flamingo (also known as Starry night). These receptors are also classified as that belongs to the EGF-TM7 group of subfamily B2 adhesion GPCRs, because they contain EGF-like domains. Functionally, the group IV receptors act as key regulators of many physiological processes such as endocrine cell differentiation, neuronal migration, dendrite growth, axon, guidance, lymphatic vessel and valve formation, and planar cell polarity (PCP) during embryonic development. Three mammalian orthologs of Flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system from embryonic development until the adult stage. Each Celsr exhibits different expression patterns in the developing brain, suggesting that they serve distinct functions. Mutations of CELSR1 cause neural tube defects in the nervous system, while mutations of CELSR2 are associated with coronary heart disease. Moreover, CELSR1 and several other PCP signaling molecules, such as dishevelled, prickle, frizzled, have been shown to be upregulated in B lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Celsr3 is expressed in both the developing and adult mouse brain. It has been functionally implicated in proper neuronal migration and axon guidance in the CNS. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In the case of CELSR/Flamingo/Starry night, their extracellular domains comprise nine cadherin repeats linked to a series of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and laminin globular (G)-like domains. The cadherin repeats contain sequence motifs that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion by homophilic interactions. Moreover, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320659 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 254 Bit Score: 160.01 E-value: 1.01e-43
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| 7tmB2_GPR126-like_Adhesion_VIII | cd15258 | orphan GPR126 and related proteins, group VIII adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family ... |
869-1116 | 8.93e-39 | |||||||
orphan GPR126 and related proteins, group VIII adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Group VIII adhesion GPCRs include orphan GPCRs such as GPR56, GPR64, GPR97, GPR112, GPR114, and GPR126. GPR56 is involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte development and myelination in the central nervous system via coupling to G(12/13) proteins, which leads to the activation of RhoA GTPase. GPR126, on the other hand, is required for Schwann cells, but not oligodendrocyte myelination in the peripheral nervous system. Gpr64 is mainly expressed in the epididymis of male reproductive tract, and targeted deletion of GPR64 causes sperm stasis and efferent duct blockage due to abnormal fluid reabsorption, resulting in male infertility. GPR64 is also over-expressed in Ewing's sarcoma (ES), as well as upregulated in other carcinomas from kidney, prostate or lung, and promotes invasiveness and metastasis in ES via the upregulation of placental growth factor (PGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1. GPR97 is identified as a lymphatic adhesion receptor that is specifically expressed in lymphatic endothelium, but not in blood vascular endothelium, and is shown to regulate migration of lymphatic endothelial cells via the small GTPases RhoA and cdc42. GPR112 is specifically expressed in normal enterochromatin cells and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma cells, but its biological function is unknown. GPR114 is mainly found in granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes), and GPR114-transfected cells induced an increase in cAMP levels via coupling to G(s) protein. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320386 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 146.02 E-value: 8.93e-39
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| 7tmB2_GPR112 | cd15997 | Probable G protein-coupled receptor 112, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane ... |
866-1117 | 2.62e-38 | |||||||
Probable G protein-coupled receptor 112, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR112 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the Group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include orphan GPCRs such as GPR56, GPR64, GPR97, GPR114, and GPR126. GPR112 is specifically expressed in normal enterochromatin cells and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma cells, but its biological function is unknown. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320663 Cd Length: 269 Bit Score: 144.80 E-value: 2.62e-38
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| 7tmB2_GPR144 | cd15255 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR114, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1114 | 3.54e-37 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR114, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR144 is an orphan receptor that belongs to the group V adhesion-GPCRs together with GPR133. The function of GPR144 has not yet been characterized, whereas GPR133 is highly expressed in the pituitary gland and is coupled to the Gs protein, leading to activation of adenylyl cyclase pathway. Moreover, genetic variations in the GPR133 have been reported to be associated with adult height and heart rate. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320383 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 263 Bit Score: 141.53 E-value: 3.54e-37
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| 7tmB2_GPR116-like_Adhesion_VI | cd15932 | orphan GPR116 and related proteins, group IV adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of ... |
866-1114 | 2.26e-35 | |||||||
orphan GPR116 and related proteins, group IV adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group VI adhesion GPCRs consist of orphan receptors GPR110, GPR111, GPR113, GPR115, GPR116, and closely related proteins. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. GPR110 possesses a SEA box in the N-terminal has been identified as an oncogene over-expressed in lung and prostate cancer. GPR113 contains a hormone binding domain and one EGF (epidermal grown factor) domain. GPR112 has extremely long N-terminus (about 2,400 amino acids) containing a number of Ser/Thr-rich glycosylation sites and a pentraxin (PTX) domain. GPR116 has two C2-set immunoglobulin-like repeats, which is found in the members of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface proteins, and a SEA (sea urchin sperm protein, enterokinase, and a grin)-box, which is present in the extracellular domain of the transmembrane mucin (MUC) family and known to enhance O-glycosylation. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320598 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 136.29 E-value: 2.26e-35
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| 7tmB3_Methuselah-like | cd15039 | Methuselah-like subfamily B3, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1117 | 5.59e-33 | |||||||
Methuselah-like subfamily B3, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The subfamily B3 of class B GPCRs consists of Methuselah (Mth) and its closely related proteins found in bilateria. Mth was originally identified in Drosophila as a GPCR affecting stress resistance and aging. In addition to the seven transmembrane helices, Mth contains an N-terminal extracellular domain involved in ligand binding, and a third intracellular loop (IC3) required for the specificity of G-protein coupling. Drosophila Mth mutants showed an increase in average lifespan by 35% and greater resistance to a variety of stress factors, including starvation, high temperature, and paraquat-induced oxidative toxicity. Moreover, mutations in two endogenous peptide ligands of Methuselah, Stunted A and B, showed an increased in lifespan and resistance to oxidative stress induced by dietary paraquat. These results strongly suggest that the Stunted-Methuselah system plays important roles in stress response and aging. Pssm-ID: 410632 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 270 Bit Score: 129.65 E-value: 5.59e-33
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| Gal_Lectin | pfam02140 | Galactose binding lectin domain; |
66-146 | 5.63e-33 | |||||||
Galactose binding lectin domain; Pssm-ID: 460460 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 79 Bit Score: 122.40 E-value: 5.63e-33
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| 7tmB2_GPR126 | cd15996 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR126, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
868-1121 | 1.04e-32 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR126, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR126 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the Group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include orphan GPCRs such as GPR56, GPR64, GPR97, GPR112, and GPR114. GPR126 is required in Schwann cells for proper differentiation and myelination via G-Protein Activation. GPR126 is believed to couple to G(s)-protein, which leads to activation of adenylate cyclase for cAMP production. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320662 Cd Length: 271 Bit Score: 128.85 E-value: 1.04e-32
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| 7tmB2_BAI_Adhesion_VII | cd15251 | brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors, group VII adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 ... |
875-1114 | 2.12e-32 | |||||||
brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors, group VII adhesion GPCRs, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediate direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions. Pssm-ID: 320379 Cd Length: 253 Bit Score: 127.37 E-value: 2.12e-32
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin | cd22823 | Galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain; Galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain is formed ... |
59-146 | 5.96e-32 | |||||||
Galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain; Galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain is formed from a four-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet which packs against an alpha-helix. It was originally described as galactose-binding lectin domain since it was found in a galactose-binding sea urchin egg lectin (SUEL). SUEL was first isolated as a D-galactoside binding lectin, it was later shown that it binds to L-rhamnose preferentially. Galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain is also found in many rhamnose-binding lectins, such as Oncorhynchus keta L-rhamnose-binding lectins (CSLs) and Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin (SAL). In addition, the superfamily includes many SUEL/CSLs/SAL homologous proteins, such as plant beta-galactosidases, mammalian latrophilins, Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1 and its homolog, human protein EVA-1 homolog C (also known as C21orf63). Due to the lack of galactose/rhamnose-binding key residues, some superfamily members may not form a binding pocket for galactose/rhamnose. Therefore, they are unlikely to act as galactose/rhamnose-binding lectins. Pssm-ID: 438682 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 120.30 E-value: 5.96e-32
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| 7tmB1_hormone_R | cd15041 | The subfamily B1 of hormone receptors (secretin-like), member of the class B family ... |
872-1125 | 3.68e-31 | |||||||
The subfamily B1 of hormone receptors (secretin-like), member of the class B family seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of this subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. Moreover, the B1 subfamily receptors play key roles in hormone homeostasis and are promising drug targets in various human diseases including diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer###s and Parkinson's), cardiovascular disease, migraine, and psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression). Furthermore, the subfamilies B2 and B3 consist of receptors that are capable of interacting with epidermal growth factors (EGF) and the Drosophila melanogaster Methuselah gene product (Mth), respectively. The class B GPCRs have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, as well as invertebrates including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. Pssm-ID: 341321 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 273 Bit Score: 124.26 E-value: 3.68e-31
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| 7tmB2_GPR64 | cd15444 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR64 and related proteins, member of subfamily B2 of the class B ... |
867-1121 | 5.73e-31 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR64 and related proteins, member of subfamily B2 of the class B secretin-like receptors of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR64 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the Group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include orphan GPCRs such as GPR56, GPR97, GPR112, GPR114, and GPR126. GPR64 is mainly expressed in the epididymis of male reproductive tract, and targeted deletion of GPR64 causes sperm stasis and efferent duct blockage due to abnormal fluid reabsorption, resulting in male infertility. GPR64 is also over-expressed in Ewing's sarcoma (ES), as well as upregulated in other carcinomas from kidney, prostate or lung, and promotes invasiveness and metastasis in ES via the upregulation of placental growth factor (PGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320560 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 271 Bit Score: 123.78 E-value: 5.73e-31
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_CSL1_rpt2 | cd22834 | second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL1 and similar ... |
54-146 | 1.22e-30 | |||||||
second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL1 and similar proteins; The family includes a group of L-rhamnose-binding lectins, such as Oncorhynchus keta CSL1. CSL1 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes, but not human type B erythrocytes. Its hemagglutinating activity is inhibited by smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli K-235, Shigella flexneri 1A, Aeromonas salmonicida and Salmonella minnesota and rough-type LPS from S. flexneri, but not by rough-type LPS from E. coli K12 and E. coli EH100. CSL1 agglutinates E. coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis. CSL1 contains two tandem galactose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the second one. Pssm-ID: 438691 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 95 Bit Score: 116.40 E-value: 1.22e-30
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| 7tmB2_GPR97 | cd15442 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR97, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
872-1109 | 7.78e-30 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR97, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR97 is an orphan receptor that has been classified into the group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include GPR56, GPR64, GPR112, GPR114, and GPR126. GPR97 is identified as a lymphatic adhesion receptor that is specifically expressed in lymphatic endothelium, but not in blood vascular endothelium, and is shown to regulate migration of lymphatic endothelial cells via the small GTPases RhoA and cdc42. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320558 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 277 Bit Score: 120.67 E-value: 7.78e-30
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| 7tmB2_GPR113 | cd15253 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR113, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1114 | 8.29e-30 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR113, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR113 is an orphan receptor that belongs to group VI adhesion-GPCRs along with GPR110, GPR111, GPR115, and GPR116. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. GPR113 contains a hormone binding domain and one EGF (epidermal grown factor) domain, and is primarily expressed in a subset of taste receptor cells. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320381 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 271 Bit Score: 120.25 E-value: 8.29e-30
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_SUL-I-like | cd22827 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Toxopneustes pileolus rhamnose-binding ... |
56-146 | 1.42e-29 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Toxopneustes pileolus rhamnose-binding lectin SUL-I and similar proteins; SUL-I is a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin with mitogenic, chemotactic, and cytotoxic activity. These activities can be triggered by binding of the lectin to specific carbohydrate chains on target cells. SUL-I may be involved in self-defense against invading microorganisms. SUL-I is composed of three distinctive domains with a folding structure similar to galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found in proteins such as mammalian latrophilins, Oncorhynchus keta L-rhamnose-binding lectins (CSLs), and Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin (SAL). The family also includes Heliocidaris crassispina D-galactoside-specific lectin, also known as sea urchin egg lectin or SUEL, and Echinometra lucunter L-rhamnose-binding lectin ELEL-1, both of which contain only one galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain. SUEL binds D-galactoside. It may play an important role in the activation of eggs triggered by fertilization, or in their subsequent differentiation. The dimeric form is essential for hemagglutination activity of SUEL. ELEL-1 is a rhamnose-binding lectin that also binds alpha-D-melibiose, alpha-D-lactose, beta-D-lactose, methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, methyl-beta-D--galactopyranoside and D-galactose, but not D-arabinose, L-fucose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-maltose, D-sucrose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-D-xylose, or by glycoproteins orosomucoid, thyroglobulin, ovomucoid and porcine stomach mucin. It shows cation-independent hemagglutinating activity against rabbit and human erythrocytes. ELEL-1 agglutinates cells of Gram-positive bacterial species S. aureus but not those of Gram-negative E. coli. Pssm-ID: 438684 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 113.07 E-value: 1.42e-29
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| 7tmB2_BAI2 | cd15988 | brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 2, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 ... |
875-1114 | 9.06e-29 | |||||||
brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 2, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions. Pssm-ID: 320654 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 291 Bit Score: 118.13 E-value: 9.06e-29
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| 7tmB2_GPR116_Ig-Hepta | cd15254 | The immunoglobulin-repeat-containing receptor Ig-hepta/GPR116, member of the class B2 family ... |
868-1115 | 6.45e-28 | |||||||
The immunoglobulin-repeat-containing receptor Ig-hepta/GPR116, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR116 (also known as Ig-hepta) is an orphan receptor that belongs to group VI adhesion-GPCRs along with GPR110, GPR111, GPR113, and GPR115. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. GPR116 has four I-set immunoglobulin-like repeats, which is found in the members of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface proteins, and a SEA (sea urchin sperm protein, enterokinase, and a grin)-box, which is present in the extracellular domain of the transmembrane mucin (MUC) family and known to enhance O-glycosylation. GPR116 is highly expressed in fetal and adult lung, and it has been shown to regulate lung surfactant levels as well as to stimulate breast cancer metastasis through a G(q)-p63-RhoGEF-Rho GTPase signaling pathway. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Pssm-ID: 320382 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 275 Bit Score: 114.90 E-value: 6.45e-28
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| 7tmB2_BAI1 | cd15990 | brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 ... |
880-1115 | 7.87e-28 | |||||||
brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions. Pssm-ID: 320656 Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 114.70 E-value: 7.87e-28
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| 7tmB2_GPR128 | cd15257 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR128, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1116 | 9.71e-28 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR128, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR128 is an orphan receptor of the adhesion family (subclass B2) that belongs to the class B GPCRs. Expression of GPR128 was detected in the mouse intestinal mucosa and is thought to be involved in energy balance, as its knockout mice showed a decrease in body weight gain and an increase in intestinal contraction frequency compared to wild-type controls. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. These include, for example, EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like domains in CD97, Celsr1 (cadherin family member), Celsr2, Celsr3, EMR1 (EGF-module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1), EMR2, EMR3, and Flamingo; two laminin A G-type repeats and nine cadherin domains in Flamingo and its human orthologs Celsr1, Celsr2 and Celsr3; olfactomedin-like domains in the latrotoxin receptors; and five or four thrombospondin type 1 repeats in BAI1 (brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1), BAI2 and BAI3. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320385 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 303 Bit Score: 115.36 E-value: 9.71e-28
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| 7tmB1_CRF-R | cd15264 | corticotropin-releasing factor receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane ... |
871-1114 | 2.89e-27 | |||||||
corticotropin-releasing factor receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The vertebrate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors are predominantly expressed in central nervous system with high levels in cortex tissue, brain stem, and pituitary. They have two isoforms as a result of alternative splicing of the same receptor gene: CRF-R1 and CRF-R2, which differ in tissue distribution and ligand binding affinities. Recently, a third CRF receptor (CRF-R3) has been identified in catfish pituitary. The catfish CRF-R1 is highly homologous to CRF-R3. CRF is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide that plays a central role in coordinating neuroendocrine, behavioral, and autonomic responses to stress by acting as the primary neuroregulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which controls the levels of cortisol and other stress related hormones. In addition, the CRF family of neuropeptides also includes structurally related peptides such as mammalian urocortin, fish urotensin I, and frog sauvagine. The actions of CRF and CRF-related peptides are mediated through specific binding to CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. CRF and urocortin 1 bind and activate mammalian CRF-R1 with similar high affinities. By contrast, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 do not bind to CRF-R1 or stimulate CRF-R1-mediated cAMP formation. Urocortin 1 also shows high affinity for mammalian CRF-R2, whereas CRF has significantly lower affinity for this receptor. These evidence suggest that urocortin 1 is an endogenous ligand for CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. The CRF receptors are members of the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on its cellular location and function, CRF receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320392 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 265 Bit Score: 112.90 E-value: 2.89e-27
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_RBL_rpt2 | cd22836 | second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding ... |
59-146 | 1.09e-26 | |||||||
second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) and similar proteins; RBL, also known as Silurus asotus (catfish) roe lectin (SAL), is a lectin that binds L-rhamnose. It also binds monosaccharides possessing steric similarity to the hydroxyl group orientation at C2 and C4 of the pyranose ring structure of L-rhamnose, such as L-mannose and L-lyxose. RBL does not require a Ca2+ ion or free thiol group for its agglutination activity. RBL contains three galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the second one. Pssm-ID: 438693 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 95 Bit Score: 105.06 E-value: 1.09e-26
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| 7tmB2_GPR114 | cd15443 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR114, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1116 | 2.35e-25 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR114, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR114 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the Group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include GPR56, GPR64, GPR97, GPR112, and GPR126. GPR114 is mainly found in granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes), and GPR114-transfected cells induced an increase in cAMP levels via coupling to G(s) protein. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320559 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 107.15 E-value: 2.35e-25
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_dCirl | cd22830 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Drosophila melanogaster Latrophilin Cirl and ... |
59-146 | 2.72e-25 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Drosophila melanogaster Latrophilin Cirl and similar proteins; Latrophilin Cirl (calcium-independent receptor for latrotoxin) is an adhesion-type G-protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) that acts as a molecular sensor and signal transducer that detects and converts mechanical stimuli into a metabotropic response. It functions in mechanosensory neurons by modulating ionotropic receptor currents, the initiating step of cellular mechanosensation. The model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminus of Latrophilin Cirl. Pssm-ID: 438687 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 101.16 E-value: 2.72e-25
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| 7tmB2_BAI3 | cd15989 | brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 ... |
875-1120 | 3.32e-25 | |||||||
brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3, a group VII adhesion GPCR, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAI1-3) constitute the group VII of cell-adhesion receptors that have been implicated in vascularization of glioblastomas. They belong to the B2 subfamily of class B GPCRs, are predominantly expressed in the brain, and are only present in vertebrates. Three BAIs, like all adhesion receptors, are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. For example, BAI1 N-terminus contain an integrin-binding RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif in addition to five thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs), which are known to regulate the anti-angiogenic activity of thrombospondin-1, whereas BAI2 and BAI3 have four TSRs, but do not possess RGD motifs. The TSRs are functionally involved in cell attachment, activation of latent TGF-beta, inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration. The TSRs of BAI1 mediates direct binding to phosphatidylserine, which enables both recognition and internalization of apoptotic cells by phagocytes. Thus, BAI1 functions as a phosphatidylserine receptor that forms a trimeric complex with ELMO and Dock180, leading to activation of Rac-GTPase which promotes the binding and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. BAI3 can also interact with the ELMO-Dock180 complex to activate the Rac pathway and can also bind to secreted C1ql proteins of the C1Q complement family via its N-terminal TSRs. BAI3 and its ligands C1QL1 are highly expressed during synaptogenesis and are involved in synapse specificity. Moreover, BAI2 acts as a transcription repressor to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression through interaction with GA-binding protein gamma (GABP). The N-terminal extracellular domains of all three BAIs also contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain, which undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), a putative hormone-binding domain (HBD), and multiple N-glycosylation sites. The C-terminus of each BAI subtype ends with a conserved Gln-Thr-Glu-Val (QTEV) motif known to interact with PDZ domain-containing proteins, but only BAI1 possesses a proline-rich region, which may be involved in protein-protein interactions. Pssm-ID: 320655 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 293 Bit Score: 107.46 E-value: 3.32e-25
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| 7tmB1_DH_R | cd15263 | insect diuretic hormone receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
872-1114 | 4.21e-25 | |||||||
insect diuretic hormone receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes G protein-coupled receptors that specifically bind to insect diuretic hormones found in Manduca sexta (moth) and Acheta domesticus (the house cricket), among others. Insect diuretic hormone and their GPCRs play critical roles in the regulation of water and ion balance. Thus they are attractive targets for developing new insecticides. Activation of the diuretic hormone receptors stimulate adenylate cyclase, thereby increasing cAMP levels in Malpighian tube. They belong to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of Gs family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. Pssm-ID: 320391 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 272 Bit Score: 106.68 E-value: 4.21e-25
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| 7tmB2_GPR124-like_Adhesion_III | cd15259 | orphan GPR124 and related proteins, group III adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of ... |
868-1120 | 1.26e-24 | |||||||
orphan GPR124 and related proteins, group III adhesion GPCRs, member of class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; group III adhesion GPCRs include orphan GPR123, GPR124, GPR125, and their closely related proteins. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. GPR123 is predominantly expressed in the CNS including thalamus, brain stem and regions containing large pyramidal cells. GPR124, also known as tumor endothelial marker 5 (TEM5), is highly expressed in tumor vessels and in the vasculature of the developing embryo. GPR124 is essentially required for proper angiogenic sprouting into neural tissue, CNS-specific vascularization, and formation of the blood-brain barrier. GPR124 also interacts with the PDZ domain of DLG1 (discs large homolog 1) through its PDZ-binding motif. Recently, studies of double-knockout mice showed that GPR124 functions as a co-activator of Wnt7a/Wnt7b-dependent beta-catenin signaling in brain endothelium. Furthermore, WNT7-stimulated beta-catenin signaling is regulated by GPR124's intracellular PDZ binding motif and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) in its N-terminal extracellular domain. GPR125 directly interacts with dishevelled (Dvl) via its intracellular C-terminus, and together, GPR125 and Dvl recruit a subset of planar cell polarity (PCP) components into membrane subdomains, a prerequisite for activation of Wnt/PCP signaling. Thus, GPR125 influences the noncanonical WNT/PCP pathway, which does not involve beta-catenin, through interacting with and modulating the distribution of Dvl. Pssm-ID: 320387 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 260 Bit Score: 104.76 E-value: 1.26e-24
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_SML_rpt2 | cd22835 | second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Scomberomorus niphonius ... |
55-146 | 2.41e-24 | |||||||
second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Scomberomorus niphonius L-rhamnose-binding lectin (SML) and similar proteins; SML is a rhamnose-binding lectin that also binds melibiose, raffinose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, D-fucose, maltose and D-glucose with decreasing affinity. It does not bind D-arabinose, L-fucose, lactose, xylose or 2-deoxy-D-galactose. SML shows strong hemagglutinating activity against rabbit erythrocytes. SML contains two tandem galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the second one. Pssm-ID: 438692 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 98.53 E-value: 2.41e-24
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_REJ3 | cd22841 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus receptor for ... |
59-146 | 2.21e-23 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus receptor for egg jelly 3 protein (REJ3) and similar proteins; REJ3 is a polycystin-1 protein (components of non-selective cation channels) that is cleaved at the GPS (G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site) domain and localizes to the acrosomal region of sea urchin sperm. REJ3 is a multidomain protein containing only one galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain at its N-terminus. Pssm-ID: 438698 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 92 Bit Score: 95.62 E-value: 2.21e-23
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_EVA1_EVA1C_rpt2 | cd22829 | second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1, ... |
53-148 | 2.02e-22 | |||||||
second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1, human protein EVA-1 homolog C and similar proteins; The family includes Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1 and its homologs, such as human protein EVA-1 homolog C (also known as C21orf63). EVA-1 functions as an UNC-40 coreceptor to enhance attraction to the MADD-4 guidance cue in C. elegans. It also acts as a receptor for slt-1 and is required for the guidance of the AVM pioneer axon to the ventral nerve cord. Human C21orf63 is a type-1 transmembrane heparin-binding protein. Members in this family contain two tandem galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the second one. Due to the lack of rhamnose-binding key residues, the second galactose/rhamnose-binding domains of EVA-1 does not form a binding pocket for rhamnose. Pssm-ID: 438686 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 99 Bit Score: 93.09 E-value: 2.02e-22
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_CSL3_rpt1_rpt2-like | cd22832 | first and second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta ... |
55-146 | 3.04e-22 | |||||||
first and second galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta L-rhamnose-binding lectin CSL3 and similar proteins; The family includes a group of L-rhamnose-binding lectins, such as Oncorhynchus keta CSL1-3. CSL1 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes, but not human type B erythrocytes. CSL2 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes and human type B erythrocytes. CSL3 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes, human type A erythrocytes, human type B erythrocytes, human type O erythrocytes, and sheep erythrocytes. Their hemagglutinating activities are inhibited by smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from different bacterial species. Members in this family contain two tandem galactose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the first and second galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL3, as well as the second galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL2. Pssm-ID: 438689 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 94 Bit Score: 92.55 E-value: 3.04e-22
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| 7tmB1_NPR_B4_insect-like | cd15260 | insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B4 and related proteins, member of the class B family of ... |
875-1031 | 3.14e-22 | |||||||
insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B4 and related proteins, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This subgroup includes a neuropeptide receptor found in Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper) and its closely related proteins from mollusks and annelid worms. They belong to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. The class B GPCRs have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, as well as invertebrates including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. Pssm-ID: 320388 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 98.11 E-value: 3.14e-22
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| 7tmB1_PDFR | cd15261 | The pigment dispersing factor receptor, member of the class B seven-transmembrane G ... |
875-1114 | 5.46e-22 | |||||||
The pigment dispersing factor receptor, member of the class B seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The pigment dispersing factor receptor (PDFR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the circadian clock neuropeptide PDF, a functional ortholog of the mammalian vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), on the pacemaker neurons. The PDFR is implicated in regulating flight circuit development and in modulating acute flight In Drosophila melanogaster. The PDFR activation stimulates adenylate cyclase, thereby increasing cAMP levels in many different pacemakers, and the receptor signaling has been shown to regulate behavioral circadian rhythms and geotaxis in Drosophila. The PDFR belongs to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. . These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. They play key roles in hormone homeostasis in mammals and are promising drug targets in various human diseases including diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer###s and Parkinson's), cardiovascular disease, migraine, and psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression). Pssm-ID: 320389 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 282 Bit Score: 97.82 E-value: 5.46e-22
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| 7tmB2_GPR56 | cd15995 | orphan adhesion receptor GPR56, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1115 | 3.05e-21 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptor GPR56, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR56 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the Group VIII of adhesion GPCRs. Other members of the Group VII include orphan GPCRs such as GPR64, GPR97, GPR112, GPR114, and GPR126. GPR56 is involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte development and myelination in the central nervous system via coupling to G(12/13) proteins, which leads to the activation of RhoA GTPase. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320661 Cd Length: 269 Bit Score: 95.28 E-value: 3.05e-21
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_CSL1-2_RBL_SML_rpt1 | cd22833 | first galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL1-2, Silurus ... |
58-148 | 3.79e-21 | |||||||
first galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Oncorhynchus keta CSL1-2, Silurus asotus RBL, Scomberomorus niphonius SML and similar proteins; The family includes a group of L-rhamnose-binding lectins, such as Oncorhynchus keta CSL1 and CSL2. CSL1 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes, but not human type B erythrocytes. CSL2 has hemagglutinating activity towards rabbit erythrocytes and human type B erythrocytes. Their hemagglutinating activities are inhibited by smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from different bacterial species. The family also includes Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) and Scomberomorus niphonius L-rhamnose-binding lectin (SML). RBL, also known as Silurus asotus (catfish) roe lectin (SAL), is a lectin that binds L-rhamnose. It also binds monosaccharides possessing steric similarity to the hydroxyl group orientation at C2 and C4 of the pyranose ring structure of L-rhamnose, such as L-mannose and L-lyxose. RBL does not require a Ca2+ ion or free thiol group for its agglutination activity. SML is a rhamnose-binding lectin that also binds melibiose, raffinose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, D-fucose, maltose, and D-glucose with decreasing affinity. It does not bind D-arabinose, L-fucose, lactose, xylose or 2-deoxy-D-galactose. SML shows strong hemagglutinating activity against rabbit erythrocytes. CSL1-2 and SML contain two tandem galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. RBL contains three galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the first one. Pssm-ID: 438690 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 97 Bit Score: 89.63 E-value: 3.79e-21
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| 7tmB2_GPR111_115 | cd15994 | orphan adhesion receptors GPR111 and GPR115, member of the class B2 family of ... |
866-1114 | 6.93e-19 | |||||||
orphan adhesion receptors GPR111 and GPR115, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR111 and GPR115 are highly homologous orphan receptors that belong to group VI adhesion-GPCRs along with GPR110, GPR113, and GPR116. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in ligand recognition as well as cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, linked by a stalk region to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. In addition, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. However, several adhesion GPCRs, including GPR 111, GPR115, and CELSR1, are predicted to be non-cleavable at the GAIN domain because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence (His-Leu-Ser/Thr) within their GPS. Both GPR111 and GPR5 are present only in land-living animals and are predominantly expressed in the developing skin. Pssm-ID: 320660 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 88.36 E-value: 6.93e-19
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_EVA1_EVA1C_rpt1 | cd22828 | first galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1, ... |
59-148 | 1.04e-18 | |||||||
first galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1, human protein EVA-1 homolog C and similar proteins; The family includes Caenorhabditis elegans protein EVA-1 and its homologs, such as human protein EVA-1 homolog C (also known as C21orf63). EVA-1 functions as an UNC-40 coreceptor to enhance attraction to the MADD-4 guidance cue in C. elegans. It also acts as a receptor for slt-1 and is required for the guidance of the AVM pioneer axon to the ventral nerve cord. Human C21orf63 is a type-1 transmembrane heparin-binding protein. Both human C21orf63 is a type-1 transmembrane heparin-binding protein. Members in this family contain two tandem galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the first one. Pssm-ID: 438685 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 105 Bit Score: 82.71 E-value: 1.04e-18
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_RBL_rpt3 | cd22837 | third galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin ... |
59-146 | 2.63e-18 | |||||||
third galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Silurus asotus rhamnose-binding lectin (RBL) and similar proteins; RBL, also known as Silurus asotus (catfish) roe lectin (SAL), is a lectin that binds L-rhamnose. It also binds monosaccharides possessing steric similarity to the hydroxyl group orientation at C2 and C4 of the pyranose ring structure of L-rhamnose, such as L-mannose and L-lyxose. RBL does not require a Ca2+ ion or free thiol group for its agglutination activity. RBL contains three galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains. This model corresponds to the third one. Pssm-ID: 438694 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 87 Bit Score: 80.93 E-value: 2.63e-18
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| GPS | smart00303 | G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin ... |
806-858 | 6.23e-18 | |||||||
G-protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site domain; Present in latrophilin/CL-1, sea urchin REJ and polycystin. Pssm-ID: 197639 Cd Length: 49 Bit Score: 78.58 E-value: 6.23e-18
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LAT1 | cd22839 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans latrophilin-like ... |
59-146 | 1.11e-17 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans latrophilin-like protein 1 (LAT1) and similar proteins; LAT1 plays a role in the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in tissues during embryogenesis. It is required for the alignment of the mitotic spindles and division planes. It may have a role in cell death events and play an essential role in normal defection and oocyte fertilization. LAT1 is involved in sperm function. it operates in pharyngeal pumping during feeding. LAT1 contains a galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain at the N-terminus. Pssm-ID: 438696 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 95 Bit Score: 79.39 E-value: 1.11e-17
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| 7tmB1_PTH-R_related | cd15272 | invertebrate parathyroid hormone-related receptors, member of the class B family of ... |
875-1116 | 4.83e-17 | |||||||
invertebrate parathyroid hormone-related receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related receptors found in invertebrates such as mollusks and annelid worms. The PTH family receptors are members of the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. The parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R) is found in all vertebrate species and is activated by two polypeptide ligands: parathyroid hormone (PTH), an endocrine hormone that regulates calcium homoeostasis and bone maintenance, and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), a paracrine factor that regulates endochondral bone development. PTH1R couples predominantly to G(s)- protein that in turn activates adenylyl cyclase thereby producing cAMP, but it can also couple to several G protein subtypes, including G(q/11), G(i/o), and G(12/13), resulting in activation of multiple signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320400 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 285 Bit Score: 83.21 E-value: 4.83e-17
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_nemgal | cd22838 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Hydra vulgaris nematogalectin and similar ... |
59-148 | 5.34e-17 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Hydra vulgaris nematogalectin and similar proteins; Nematogalectin, also called nemgal, is a nematocyst protein with an N-terminal GlyXY domain and a galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain. There are two nematogalectins, A and B, in Hydra, and they are the products of alternative splicing. They are major components of the nematocyst tubule. Nematogalectin functions as a trimer that could bind to multiple chondroitin glycosaminoglycan molecules and stabilize the chondroitin proteoglycan layer. Pssm-ID: 438695 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 100 Bit Score: 77.70 E-value: 5.34e-17
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| 7tmB1_CRF-R1 | cd15445 | corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane ... |
871-1114 | 1.20e-16 | |||||||
corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The vertebrate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors are predominantly expressed in central nervous system with high levels in cortex tissue, brain stem, and pituitary. They have two isoforms as a result of alternative splicing of the same receptor gene: CRF-R1 and CRF-R2, which differ in tissue distribution and ligand binding affinities. Recently, a third CRF receptor (CRF-R3) has been identified in catfish pituitary. The catfish CRF-R1 is highly homologous to CRF-R3. CRF is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide that plays a central role in coordinating neuroendocrine, behavioral, and autonomic responses to stress by acting as the primary neuroregulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which controls the levels of cortisol and other stress related hormones. In addition, the CRF family of neuropeptides also includes structurally related peptides such as mammalian urocortin, fish urotensin I, and frog sauvagine. The actions of CRF and CRF-related peptides are mediated through specific binding to CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. CRF and urocortin 1 bind and activate mammalian CRF-R1 with similar high affinities. By contrast, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 do not bind to CRF-R1 or stimulate CRF-R1-mediated cAMP formation. Urocortin 1 also shows high affinity for mammalian CRF-R2, whereas CRF has significantly lower affinity for this receptor. These evidence suggest that urocortin 1 is an endogenous ligand for CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. The CRF receptors are members of the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on its cellular location and function, CRF receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320561 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 265 Bit Score: 81.91 E-value: 1.20e-16
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| GPS | pfam01825 | GPCR proteolysis site, GPS, motif; The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for ... |
808-852 | 3.25e-15 | |||||||
GPCR proteolysis site, GPS, motif; The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for auto-proteolysis, so is thus named, GPS. The GPS motif is a conserved sequence of ~40 amino acids containing canonical cysteine and tryptophan residues, and is the most highly conserved part of the domain. In most, if not all, cell-adhesion GPCRs these undergo autoproteolysis in the GPS between a conserved aliphatic residue (usually a leucine) and a threonine, serine, or cysteine residue. In higher eukaryotes this motif is found embedded in the C-terminal beta-stranded part of a GAIN domain - GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN). The GAIN-GPS domain adopts a fold in which the GPS motif, at the C-terminus, forms five beta-strands that are tightly integrated into the overall GAIN domain. The GPS motif, evolutionarily conserved from tetrahymena to mammals, is the only extracellular domain shared by all human cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, and is the locus of multiple human disease mutations. The GAIN-GPS domain is both necessary and sufficient functionally for autoproteolysis, suggesting an autoproteolytic mechanism whereby the overall GAIN domain fine-tunes the chemical environment in the GPS to catalyze peptide bond hydrolysis. In the cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, the GPS motif is always located at the end of their long N-terminal extracellular regions, immediately before the first transmembrane helix of the respective protein. Pssm-ID: 460350 Cd Length: 44 Bit Score: 70.80 E-value: 3.25e-15
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| 7tmB1_NPR_B7_insect-like | cd15273 | insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B7 and related proteins, member of the class B family of ... |
868-1123 | 3.45e-15 | |||||||
insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B7 and related proteins, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This subgroup includes a neuropeptide receptor found in Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper) and its closely related proteins from invertebrates. They belong to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. The class B GPCRs have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, as well as invertebrates including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. Pssm-ID: 320401 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 285 Bit Score: 77.80 E-value: 3.45e-15
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| 7tmB1_GlucagonR-like | cd15929 | glucagon receptor-like subfamily, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1119 | 1.06e-14 | |||||||
glucagon receptor-like subfamily, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group represents the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, which includes glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R), GLP2R, and closely related receptors. These receptors are activated by the members of the glucagon (GCG) peptide family including GCG, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), and GLP2, which are derived from the large proglucagon precursor. GCGR regulates blood glucose levels by control of hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. Activation of GLP1R stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, whereas activation of GLP2R stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and increases villus height in the small intestine. Receptors in this group belong to the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on their cellular location, GCGR and GLP receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 341353 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 279 Bit Score: 76.32 E-value: 1.06e-14
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| HormR | smart00008 | Domain present in hormone receptors; |
493-553 | 1.13e-14 | |||||||
Domain present in hormone receptors; Pssm-ID: 214468 Cd Length: 70 Bit Score: 70.24 E-value: 1.13e-14
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| 7tmB1_Secretin_R-like | cd15930 | secretin receptor-like group of hormone receptors, member of the class B family of ... |
867-1119 | 2.84e-14 | |||||||
secretin receptor-like group of hormone receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group represents G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that include secretin, growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. Secretin, a polypeptide secreted by entero-endocrine S cells in the small intestine, is involved in maintaining body fluid balance. This polypeptide regulates the secretion of bile and bicarbonate into the duodenum from the pancreatic and biliary ducts, as well as regulates the duodenal pH by the control of gastric acid secretion. Studies with secretin receptor-null mice indicate that secretin plays a role in regulating renal water reabsorption. Secretin mediates its biological actions by elevating intracellular cAMP via G protein-coupled secretin receptors, which are expressed in the brain, pancreas, stomach, kidney, and liver. GHRHR is a specific receptor for the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that controls the synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary somatotrophs. Mutations in the gene encoding GHRHR have been connected to isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), a short-stature condition caused by deficient production of GH or lack of GH action. VIP and PACAP exert their effects through three G protein-coupled receptors, PACAP-R1, VIP-R1 (vasoactive intestinal receptor type 1, also known as VPAC1) and VIP-R2 (or VPAC2). PACAP-R1 binds only PACAP with high affinity, whereas VIP-R1 and -R2 specifically bind and respond to both VIP and PACAP. VIP and PACAP and their receptors are widely expressed in the brain and periphery. They are upregulated in neurons and immune cells in responses to CNS injury and/or inflammation and exert potent anti-inflammatory effects, as well as play important roles in the control of circadian rhythms and stress responses, among many others. All B1 subfamily GPCRs are able to increase intracellular cAMP levels by coupling to adenylate cyclase via a stimulatory Gs protein. However, depending on its cellular location, some members of subfamily B1 are also capable of coupling to additional G proteins such as G(i/o) and/or G(q) proteins, thereby leading to activation of phospholipase C and intracellular calcium influx. Pssm-ID: 320596 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 74.78 E-value: 2.84e-14
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| 7tmB1_CRF-R2 | cd15446 | corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane ... |
871-1114 | 9.28e-14 | |||||||
corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The vertebrate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors are predominantly expressed in central nervous system with high levels in cortex tissue, brain stem, and pituitary. They have two isoforms as a result of alternative splicing of the same receptor gene: CRF-R1 and CRF-R2, which differ in tissue distribution and ligand binding affinities. Recently, a third CRF receptor (CRF-R3) has been identified in catfish pituitary. The catfish CRF-R1 is highly homologous to CRF-R3. CRF is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide that plays a central role in coordinating neuroendocrine, behavioral, and autonomic responses to stress by acting as the primary neuroregulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which controls the levels of cortisol and other stress related hormones. In addition, the CRF family of neuropeptides also includes structurally related peptides such as mammalian urocortin, fish urotensin I, and frog sauvagine. The actions of CRF and CRF-related peptides are mediated through specific binding to CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. CRF and urocortin 1 bind and activate mammalian CRF-R1 with similar high affinities. By contrast, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 do not bind to CRF-R1 or stimulate CRF-R1-mediated cAMP formation. Urocortin 1 also shows high affinity for mammalian CRF-R2, whereas CRF has significantly lower affinity for this receptor. These evidence suggest that urocortin 1 is an endogenous ligand for CRF-R1 and CRF-R2. The CRF receptors are members of the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on its cellular location and function, CRF receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320562 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 264 Bit Score: 73.07 E-value: 9.28e-14
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| 7tmB1_PACAP-R1 | cd15987 | pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor, member of the class B ... |
875-1123 | 9.90e-14 | |||||||
pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor (PACAP-R1) is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include secretin, growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. VIP and PACAP exert their effects through three G protein-coupled receptors, PACAP-R1, VIP-R1 (vasoactive intestinal receptor type 1, also known as VPAC1) and VIP-R2 (or VPAC2). PACAP-R1 binds only PACAP with high affinity, whereas VIP-R1 and -R2 specifically bind and respond to both VIP and PACAP. VIP and PACAP and their receptors are widely expressed in the brain and periphery. They are upregulated in neurons and immune cells in responses to CNS injury and/or inflammation and exert potent anti-inflammatory effects, as well as play important roles in the control of circadian rhythms and stress responses, among many others. PACAP-R1 is preferentially coupled to a stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and thereby increases in intracellular cAMP level. Pssm-ID: 320653 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 73.08 E-value: 9.90e-14
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| 7tmB1_calcitonin_R | cd15274 | calcitonin receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
875-1124 | 5.52e-13 | |||||||
calcitonin receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group includes G protein-coupled receptors for calcitonin (CT) and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs). Calcitonin, a 32-amino acid peptide hormone, is involved in calcium metabolism in many mammalian species and acts to reduce blood calcium levels and directly inhibits bone resorption by acting on osteoclast. Thus, CT acts as an antagonist to parathyroid hormone and is commonly used in the treatment of bone disorders. The CT receptor is predominantly found in osteoclasts, kidney, and brain, and is primarily coupled to stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to activation of adenylate cyclase, thereby increasing cAMP production. CGRP, a member of the calcitonin family of peptides, is a potent vasodilator and may contribute to migraine. It is expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system and exists in two forms in humans (alpha-CGRP and beta-CGRP). CGRP meditates its physiological effects through calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), a single transmembrane domain protein. Thus, the CRLR/RAMP1 complex serves as a functional CGRP receptor. On the other hand, the CRLR/RAMP2 and CRLR/RAMP3 complexes function as adrenomedullin-specific receptors. The CT and CGRP receptors belong to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. Pssm-ID: 341343 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 274 Bit Score: 70.96 E-value: 5.52e-13
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| 7tmB1_GLP2R | cd15266 | glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
867-1116 | 1.44e-12 | |||||||
glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP2R) is a member of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, which also includes glucagon receptor (GCGR) and GLP1R. GLP2R is activated by glucagon-like peptide 2, which is derived from the large proglucagon precursor. Activation of GLP1R stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, whereas activation of GLP2R stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and increases villus height in the small intestine. GCGR regulates blood glucose levels by control of hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. GLP2R belongs to the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on their cellular location, GCGR and GLP receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320394 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 280 Bit Score: 69.77 E-value: 1.44e-12
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_LAT2 | cd22840 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans latrophilin-like ... |
57-146 | 2.62e-12 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in Caenorhabditis elegans latrophilin-like protein 2 (LAT2) and similar proteins; LAT2 may have a role in pharyngeal pumping during feeding. It contains a galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain at the N-terminal region. Due to the lack of rhamnose-binding key residues, the galactose/rhamnose-binding domains of LAT2 does not form a binding pocket for rhamnose. Therefore, LAT2 is unlikely to act as a rhamnose-binding lectin. Pssm-ID: 438697 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 96 Bit Score: 64.35 E-value: 2.62e-12
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| 7tmB2_GPR123 | cd16000 | G protein-coupled receptor 123, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
881-1107 | 7.75e-12 | |||||||
G protein-coupled receptor 123, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR123 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the group III of adhesion GPCRs, and also includes orphan receptors GPR124 and GPR125. GPR123 is predominantly expressed in the CNS including thalamus, brain stem and regions containing large pyramidal cells, yet its biological function remains to be determined. Adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320666 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 275 Bit Score: 67.67 E-value: 7.75e-12
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| 7tmB1_VIP-R1 | cd15269 | vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor 1, member of the class B family of ... |
875-1122 | 2.64e-11 | |||||||
vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor 1, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor 1 is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include secretin, growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP). These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. VIP and PACAP exert their effects through three G protein-coupled receptors, PACAP-R1, VIP-R1 (vasoactive intestinal receptor type 1, also known as VPAC1) and VIP-R2 (or VPAC2). PACAP-R1 binds only PACAP with high affinity, whereas VIP-R1 and -R2 specifically bind and respond to both VIP and PACAP. VIP and PACAP and their receptors are widely expressed in the brain and periphery. They are upregulated in neurons and immune cells in responses to CNS injury and/or inflammation and exert potent anti-inflammatory effects, as well as play important roles in the control of circadian rhythms and stress responses, among many others. VIP-R1 is preferentially coupled to a stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and thereby increases in intracellular cAMP level. However, depending on its cellular location, VIP-R1 is also capable of coupling to additional G proteins such as G(q) protein, thus leading to the activation of phospholipase C and intracellular calcium influx. Pssm-ID: 320397 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 66.03 E-value: 2.64e-11
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| 7tmB1_GHRHR2 | cd15271 | growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor type 2, member of the class B family of ... |
875-1123 | 3.85e-11 | |||||||
growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor type 2, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor type 2 (GHRHR2) is found in non-mammalian vertebrates such as chicken and frog. It is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include secretin, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide, and mammalian growth hormone-releasing hormone. These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. Mammalian GHRHR is a specific receptor for the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that controls the synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary somatotrophs. Mutations in the gene encoding GHRHR have been connected to isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), a short-stature condition caused by deficient production of GH or lack of GH action. Mammalian GHRH is preferentially coupled to a stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and thereby increases in intracellular cAMP level. GHRHR is found in mammals as well as zebrafish and chicken, whereas the GHRHR type 2, an ortholog of the GHRHR, has only been identified in ray-finned fish, chicken and Xenopus. Xenopus laevis GHRHR2 has been shown to interact with both endogenous GHRH and PACAP-related peptide (PRP). Pssm-ID: 320399 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 267 Bit Score: 65.52 E-value: 3.85e-11
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| 7tmB1_GHRHR | cd15270 | growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane ... |
871-1119 | 1.21e-10 | |||||||
growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include secretin, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide. These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. GHRHR is a specific receptor for the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that controls the synthesis and release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary somatotrophs. Mutations in the gene encoding GHRHR have been connected to isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), a short-stature condition caused by deficient production of GH or lack of GH action. GHRH is preferentially coupled to a stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and thereby increases in intracellular cAMP level. GHRHR is found in mammals as well as zebrafish and chicken, whereas the GHRHR type 2, an ortholog of the GHRHR, has only been identified in ray-finned fish, chicken and Xenopus. Xenopus laevis GHRHR2 has been shown to interact with both endogenous GHRH and PACAP-related peptide (PRP). Pssm-ID: 320398 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 64.05 E-value: 1.21e-10
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| 7tmB1_secretin | cd15275 | secretin receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
875-1119 | 2.57e-10 | |||||||
secretin receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Secretin receptor is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP). These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors, and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. Secretin, a polypeptide secreted by entero-endocrine S cells in the small intestine, is involved in maintaining body fluid balance. This polypeptide regulates the secretion of bile and bicarbonate into the duodenum from the pancreatic and biliary ducts, as well as regulates the duodenal pH by the control of gastric acid secretion. Studies with secretin receptor-null mice indicate that secretin plays a role in regulating renal water reabsorption. Secretin mediates its biological actions by elevating intracellular cAMP via G protein-coupled secretin receptor, which is expressed in the brain, pancreas, stomach, kidney, and liver. Pssm-ID: 320403 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 271 Bit Score: 62.84 E-value: 2.57e-10
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| 7tmB1_PTH2R | cd15982 | parathyroid hormone 2 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1119 | 6.07e-10 | |||||||
parathyroid hormone 2 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2R), one of the three subtypes of PTH receptor family, is found in mammals and fish, but not in chicken or frog. PTH2R is potently activated by tuberoinfundibular peptide-39 (TIP-39) but not by PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), a paracrine factor that regulates endochondral bone development. PTH, an endocrine hormone that regulates calcium homoeostasis and bone maintenance, strongly activates human PTH2R, but only weakly activates rat and zebrafish PTH2Rs. These results suggest that TIP-39 is a natural ligand for PTH2R. Conversely, PTH1R is activated by PTH and PTHrP, but not by TIP-39. The PTH family receptors are members of the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which include receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320648 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 289 Bit Score: 62.26 E-value: 6.07e-10
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_PKD1L2 | cd22831 | galactose binding lectin domain found in polycystic kidney disease protein 1-like 2 ... |
55-146 | 7.22e-10 | |||||||
galactose binding lectin domain found in polycystic kidney disease protein 1-like 2 (polycystin-1L2) and similar proteins; Polycystin-1L2 is a novel G-protein-coupled receptor that may function as an ion-channel regulator. This model corresponds to a galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domain found at the N-terminal region of polycystin-1L2. Due to the lack of rhamnose-binding key residues, the galactose/rhamnose-binding domains of Polycystin-1L2 does not form a binding pocket for rhamnose. Therefore, Polycystin-1L2 is unlikely to act as a rhamnose-binding lectin. Pssm-ID: 438688 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 98 Bit Score: 57.36 E-value: 7.22e-10
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| 7tmB1_VIP-R2 | cd15986 | vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor 2, member of the class B family of ... |
867-1123 | 7.57e-10 | |||||||
vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor 2, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor 2 is a member of the group of G protein-coupled receptors for structurally similar peptide hormones that also include secretin, growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP). These receptors are classified into the subfamily B1 of class B GRCRs that consists of the classical hormone receptors and have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. For all class B receptors, the large N-terminal extracellular domain plays a critical role in peptide hormone recognition. VIP and PACAP exert their effects through three G protein-coupled receptors, PACAP-R1, VIP-R1 (vasoactive intestinal receptor type 1, also known as VPAC1) and VIP-R2 (or VPAC2). PACAP-R1 binds only PACAP with high affinity, whereas VIP-R1 and -R2 specifically bind and respond to both VIP and PACAP. VIP and PACAP and their receptors are widely expressed in the brain and periphery. They are upregulated in neurons and immune cells in responses to CNS injury and/or inflammation and exert potent anti-inflammatory effects, as well as play important roles in the control of circadian rhythms and stress responses, among many others. VIP-R1 is preferentially coupled to a stimulatory G(s) protein, which leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and thereby increases in intracellular cAMP level. However, depending on its cellular location, VIP-R1 is also capable of coupling to additional G proteins such as G(q) protein, thus leading to the activation of phospholipase C and intracellular calcium influx. Pssm-ID: 320652 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 269 Bit Score: 61.74 E-value: 7.57e-10
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| HRM | pfam02793 | Hormone receptor domain; This extracellular domain contains four conserved cysteines that ... |
493-547 | 1.35e-09 | |||||||
Hormone receptor domain; This extracellular domain contains four conserved cysteines that probably for disulphide bridges. The domain is found in a variety of hormone receptors. It may be a ligand binding domain. Pssm-ID: 397086 Cd Length: 64 Bit Score: 55.45 E-value: 1.35e-09
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| 7tmB1_PTH1R | cd15984 | parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1119 | 1.50e-09 | |||||||
parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor family has three subtypes: PTH1R, PTH2R and PTH3R. PTH1R is expressed in bone and kidney and is activated by two polypeptide ligands: PTH, an endocrine hormone that regulates calcium homoeostasis and bone maintenance, and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), a paracrine factor that regulates endochondral bone development. PTH1R couples predominantly to G(s)-protein that in turn activates adenylate cyclase thereby producing cAMP, but it can also couple to several G protein subtypes, including G(q/11), G(i/o), and G(12/13), resulting in activation of multiple intracellular signaling pathways. PTH1R is found in all vertebrate species, whereas PTH2R is found in mammals and fish, but not in chicken or frog. PTH3R is found in chicken and fish, but it is absent in mammals. The PTH receptors are members of the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which include receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320650 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 290 Bit Score: 61.12 E-value: 1.50e-09
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| 7tmB1_PTHR | cd15265 | parathyroid hormone receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1119 | 1.70e-09 | |||||||
parathyroid hormone receptors, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor family has three subtypes: PTH1R, PTH2R and PTH3R. PTH1R is expressed in bone and kidney and is activated by two polypeptide ligands: PTH, an endocrine hormone that regulates calcium homoeostasis and bone maintenance, and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), a paracrine factor that regulates endochondral bone development. PTH1R couples predominantly to a G(s)-protein that in turn activates adenylate cyclase thereby producing cAMP, but it can also couple to several G protein subtypes, including G(q/11), G(i/o), and G(12/13), resulting in activation of multiple intracellular signaling pathways. PTH2R is potently activated by tuberoinfundibular peptide-39 (TIP-39), but not by PTHrP. PTH also strongly activates human PTH2R, but only weakly activates rat and zebrafish PTH2Rs, suggesting that TIP-39 is a natural ligand for PTH2R. On the other hand, PTH3R binds and responds to both PTH and PTHrP, but not the TIP-39. Moreover, the PTH3R is more closely related to the PTH1R than PTH2R. PTH1R is found in all vertebrate species, whereas PTH2R is found in mammals and fish, but not in chicken or frog. The PTH3R is found in chicken and fish, but it is absent in mammals. The PTH receptors are members of the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which include receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320393 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 289 Bit Score: 60.85 E-value: 1.70e-09
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| 7tmB1_NPR_B3_insect-like | cd15262 | insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B3 and related proteins belong to subfamily B1 of ... |
879-1122 | 2.12e-09 | |||||||
insect neuropeptide receptor subgroup B3 and related proteins belong to subfamily B1 of hormone receptors; member of the class B secretin-like seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This subgroup includes a neuropeptide receptor found in Bombyx mori (silk worm) and its closely related proteins from arthropods. They belong to the B1 subfamily of class B GPCRs, also referred to as secretin-like receptor family, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. The class B GPCRs have been identified in all the vertebrates, from fishes to mammals, as well as invertebrates including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but are not present in plants, fungi, or prokaryotes. Pssm-ID: 320390 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 270 Bit Score: 60.15 E-value: 2.12e-09
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| 7tmB1_GLP1R | cd15268 | glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
867-1117 | 4.67e-09 | |||||||
glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a member of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, which also includes glucagon receptor and GLP2R. GLP1R is activated by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), which is derived from the large proglucagon precursor. Activation of GLP1R stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, whereas activation of GLP2R stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and increases villus height in the small intestine. GCGR regulates blood glucose levels by control of hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. Receptors in this group belong to the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on their cellular location, GCGR and GLP receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 341342 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 279 Bit Score: 59.20 E-value: 4.67e-09
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin_BGal | cd22842 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in plant beta-galactosidases and similar ... |
59-146 | 4.87e-09 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain found in plant beta-galactosidases and similar proteins; The family represents a group of plant beta-galactosidases (BGals), which belong to glycoside hydrolase family 35. They have a C-terminal domain homologous to animal galactose and rhamnose-binding lectins. BGals (EC 3.2.1.23), also called Exo-(1->4)-beta-D-galactanase, or lactase, catalyze hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides. Some family members contain more than one galactose/rhamnose binding lectin domain. Due to the lack of rhamnose-binding key residues, the galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains of BGals do not form a binding pocket for rhamnose. Therefore, BGals are unlikely to act as rhamnose-binding lectins. Pssm-ID: 438699 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 91 Bit Score: 54.98 E-value: 4.87e-09
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| 7tmB1_GlucagonR-like_1 | cd15985 | uncharacterized group of glucagon receptor-like proteins, member of the class B family of ... |
875-1116 | 1.03e-08 | |||||||
uncharacterized group of glucagon receptor-like proteins, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; This group consists of uncharacterized proteins with similarity to members of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, which include glucagon receptor (GCGR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R), and GLP2R. The glucagon receptors are activated by the members of the glucagon (GCG) peptide family including GCG, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), and GLP2, which are derived from the large proglucagon precursor. GCGR regulates blood glucose levels by control of hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. Activation of GLP1R stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, whereas activation of GLP2R stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and increases villus height in the small intestine. Receptors in this group belong to the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on their cellular location, GCGR and GLP receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320651 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 280 Bit Score: 58.40 E-value: 1.03e-08
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| 7tmB2_GPR124 | cd15998 | G protein-coupled receptor 124, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
879-1120 | 5.31e-08 | |||||||
G protein-coupled receptor 124, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR124 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the group III of adhesion GPCRs, which also includes orphan GPR123 and GPR125. GPR124, also known as tumor endothelial marker 5 (TEM5), is highly expressed in tumor vessels and in the vasculature of the developing embryo. GPR124 is essentially required for proper angiogenic sprouting into neural tissue, CNS-specific vascularization, and formation of the blood-brain barrier. GPR124 interacts with the PDZ domain of DLG1 (discs large homolog 1) through its PDZ-binding motif. Recently, studies of double-knockout mice showed that GPR124 functions as a co-activator of Wnt7a/Wnt7b-dependent beta-catenin signaling in brain endothelium. Moreover, WNT7-stimulated beta-catenin signaling is regulated by GPR124's intracellular PDZ binding motif and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) in its N-terminal extracellular domain. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320664 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 268 Bit Score: 56.12 E-value: 5.31e-08
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| 7tmB2_GPR125 | cd15999 | G protein-coupled receptor 125, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
866-1126 | 6.49e-08 | |||||||
G protein-coupled receptor 125, member of the class B2 family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; GPR125 is an orphan receptor that has been classified as that belongs to the group III of adhesion GPCRs, which also includes orphan receptors GPR123 and GPR124. GPR125 directly interacts with dishevelled (Dvl) via its intracellular C-terminus, and together, GPR125 and Dvl recruit a subset of planar cell polarity (PCP) components into membrane subdomains, a prerequisite for activation of Wnt/PCP signaling. Thus, GPR125 influences the noncanonical WNT/PCP pathway, which does not involve beta-catenin, through interacting with and modulating the distribution of Dvl. The adhesion receptors are characterized by the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains containing multiple adhesion motifs, which play critical roles in cell-cell adhesion and cell-matrix interactions, that are coupled to a class B seven-transmembrane domain. Furthermore, almost all adhesion receptors, except GPR123, contain an evolutionarily conserved GPCR- autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain that undergoes autoproteolytic processing at the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) motif located immediately N-terminal to the first transmembrane region, to generate N- and C-terminal fragments (NTF and CTF), which may serve important biological functions. Pssm-ID: 320665 Cd Length: 312 Bit Score: 56.02 E-value: 6.49e-08
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| 7tmB1_PTH3R | cd15983 | parathyroid hormone 3 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G ... |
869-1116 | 1.87e-06 | |||||||
parathyroid hormone 3 receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; The parathyroid hormone 3 receptor (PTH3R), one of the three subtypes of PTH receptor family, is found in chicken and fish, but it is absent in mammals. On the other hand, the PTH1R is found in all vertebrate species, whereas PTH2R is found in mammals and fish, but not in chicken or frog. PTH1R is activated by two polypeptide ligands: PTH, an endocrine hormone that regulates calcium homoeostasis and bone maintenance, and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), a paracrine factor that regulates endochondral bone development. PTH2R is potently activated by tuberoinfundibular peptide-39 (TIP-39), but not by PTHrP. PTH also strongly activates human PTH2R, but only weakly activates rat and zebrafish PTH2Rs, suggesting that TIP-39 is a natural ligand for PTH2R. Conversely, PTH3R binds and responds to both PTH and PTHrP, but not the TIP-39. The PTH family receptors are members of the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which include receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide (GLP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. Pssm-ID: 320649 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 285 Bit Score: 51.46 E-value: 1.87e-06
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| Gal_Rha_Lectin-like_P113 | cd22843 | galactose/rhamnose binding lectin-like domain found in Plasmodium falciparum P113 and similar ... |
57-146 | 2.49e-06 | |||||||
galactose/rhamnose binding lectin-like domain found in Plasmodium falciparum P113 and similar proteins; P113 is an abundant glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored merozoite surface protein that tethers the RH5:CyRPA:RIPR complex to the merozoite surface. The N-terminal region of P113 contains two closely interacting domains, which resemble the galactose/rhamnose-binding lectin domains found in proteins such as sea urchin egg lectin (SUEL), plant beta-galactosidases, mammalian latrophilins, and catfish rhamnose-binding lectin (SAL) eggs. Due to the lack of rhamnose-binding key residues, the galactose/rhamnose binding lectin-like domains of P113 do not form a binding pocket for rhamnose. Therefore, P113 is unlikely to act as a rhamnose-binding lectin. This model corresponds to galactose/rhamnose binding lectin-like domain of P113. Pssm-ID: 438700 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 89 Bit Score: 47.05 E-value: 2.49e-06
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| 7tmB1_GCGR | cd15267 | glucagon receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled ... |
875-1116 | 9.70e-06 | |||||||
glucagon receptor, member of the class B family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors; Glucagon receptor (GCGR) is a member of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors, which also includes glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) and GLP2R. GCGR is activated by glucagon, which is derived from the large proglucagon precursor. GCGR regulates blood glucose levels by control of hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis and by regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. Activation of GLP1R stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, whereas activation of GLP2R stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and increases villus height in the small intestine. GCGR belongs to the B1 (or secretin-like) subfamily of class B GPCRs, which includes receptors for polypeptide hormones of 27-141 amino-acid residues such as secretin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and corticotropin-releasing factor. These receptors contain the large N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD), which plays a critical role in hormone recognition by binding to the C-terminal portion of the peptide. On the other hand, the N-terminal segment of the hormone induces receptor activation by interacting with the receptor transmembrane domains and connecting extracellular loops, triggering intracellular signaling pathways. All members of the B1 subfamily preferentially couple to G proteins of G(s) family, which positively stimulate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP formation and calcium influx. However, depending on their cellular location, GCGR and GLP receptors can activate multiple G proteins, which can in turn stimulate different second messenger pathways. Pssm-ID: 320395 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 281 Bit Score: 49.05 E-value: 9.70e-06
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| PHA03247 | PHA03247 | large tegument protein UL36; Provisional |
424-539 | 1.45e-03 | |||||||
large tegument protein UL36; Provisional Pssm-ID: 223021 [Multi-domain] Cd Length: 3151 Bit Score: 43.39 E-value: 1.45e-03
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