U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in Arabidopsis plant U-box proteins (AtPUB) and similar proteins; The plant PUB proteins, also known as U-box domain-containing proteins, are much more numerous in Arabidopsis which has 62 in comparison with the typical 6 in most animals. The majority of AtPUBs in this subfamily are known as ARM domain-containing PUB proteins, containing a C-terminally-located, tandem ARM (armadillo) repeat protein-interaction region in addition to the U-box domain. They have been implicated in the regulation of cell death and defense. They also play important roles in other plant-specific pathways, such as controlling both self-incompatibility and pseudo-self-incompatibility, as well as acting in abiotic stress. A subgroup of ARM domain-containing PUB proteins harbors a plant-specific U-box N-terminal domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1032300336 306 PKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCPKTGQMLMDS 356
Cdd:cd16664     1 PEEFICPISLELMKDPVILATGQTYERAAIEKWLDSGNNTCPITGQPLTHT 51

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in Arabidopsis plant U-box proteins (AtPUB) and similar proteins; The plant PUB proteins, also known as U-box domain-containing proteins, are much more numerous in Arabidopsis which has 62 in comparison with the typical 6 in most animals. The majority of AtPUBs in this subfamily are known as ARM domain-containing PUB proteins, containing a C-terminally-located, tandem ARM (armadillo) repeat protein-interaction region in addition to the U-box domain. They have been implicated in the regulation of cell death and defense. They also play important roles in other plant-specific pathways, such as controlling both self-incompatibility and pseudo-self-incompatibility, as well as acting in abiotic stress. A subgroup of ARM domain-containing PUB proteins harbors a plant-specific U-box N-terminal domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1032300336 306 PKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCPKTGQMLMDS 356
Cdd:cd16664     1 PEEFICPISLELMKDPVILATGQTYERAAIEKWLDSGNNTCPITGQPLTHT 51

U-box domain; The U-box is a domain of ~70 amino acids that is present in proteins from yeast to human. It consists of the beta-beta-alpha-beta-alpha- fold typical of U-box and RING domains. The central alpha helix is flanked by two prominent surface-exposed loop regions. This domain is one class of E3 ligases, involved in the ubiquitination process. This domain is related to the Ring finger pfam00097 but lacks the zinc binding residues.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1032300336 305 VPKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCPKTGQMLMDSRIVPNRALKNLIVQW 371
Cdd:pfam04564   1 IPDEFLDPITFELMTDPVILPSGITYDRSTIERHLLSVDPTDPFTREPLTHDQLIPNLELKAKIDAW 67

Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeat; Approx. 40 amino acid repeat. Tandem repeats form super-helix of helices that is proposed to mediate interaction of beta-catenin with its ligands. CAUTION: This family does not contain all known armadillo repeats.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1032300336 439 ENRAYIAEAGAIPHLCRLLTSENAIAQENSVTAMLNLS 476
Cdd:pfam00514   3 ENKQAVIEAGAVPPLVRLLSSPDEEVQEEAAWALSNLA 40

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in Arabidopsis plant U-box proteins (AtPUB) and similar proteins; The plant PUB proteins, also known as U-box domain-containing proteins, are much more numerous in Arabidopsis which has 62 in comparison with the typical 6 in most animals. The majority of AtPUBs in this subfamily are known as ARM domain-containing PUB proteins, containing a C-terminally-located, tandem ARM (armadillo) repeat protein-interaction region in addition to the U-box domain. They have been implicated in the regulation of cell death and defense. They also play important roles in other plant-specific pathways, such as controlling both self-incompatibility and pseudo-self-incompatibility, as well as acting in abiotic stress. A subgroup of ARM domain-containing PUB proteins harbors a plant-specific U-box N-terminal domain.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1032300336 306 PKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCPKTGQMLMDS 356
Cdd:cd16664     1 PEEFICPISLELMKDPVILATGQTYERAAIEKWLDSGNNTCPITGQPLTHT 51

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in WD repeat, SAM and U-box domain-containing protein 1 (WDSUB1) and similar proteins; WDSUB1 is an uncharacterized protein containing seven WD40 repeats and a SAM domain in addition to the U-box. Its biological role remains unclear. This subfamily also includes many uncharacterized kinase domain-containing U-box (AtPUB) proteins and several MIF4G motif-containing AtPUB proteins from Arabidopsis.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1032300336 306 PKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEgHCTCPKTGQMLMDSRIVPN 361
Cdd:cd16655     1 PDEFLCPITQELMRDPVVAADGHTYERSAIEEWLET-HNTSPMTRLPLSSTDLVPN 55

U-box domain, a modified RING finger; The U-box protein family is a family of E3 enzymes that also includes the HECT family and the RING finger family. The E3 enzyme is ubiquitin-protein ligase that cooperates with a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) and a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and plays a central role in determining the specificity of the ubiquitination system. It removes the ubiquitin molecule from the E2 enzyme and attaches it to the target substrate, forming a covalent bond between ubiquitin and the target. U-box proteins are characterized by the presence of a U-box domain of approximately 70 amino acids. The U-box is a modified form of the RING finger domain that lacks metal chelating cysteines and histidines. It resembles the cross-brace RING structure consisting of three beta-sheets and a single alpha-helix, which would be stabilized by salt bridges instead of chelated metal ions. U-box proteins are widely distributed among eukaryotic organisms and show a higher prevalence in plants than in other organisms.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1032300336 309 FVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEgHCTCPKTGQML 353
Cdd:cd16453     1 FLCPISGELMKDPVITPSGITYDRSAIERWLLS-DNTDPFTREPL 44

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in carboxyl terminus of HSP70-interacting protein (CHIP) and similar proteins; CHIP, also known as STIP1 homology and U box-containing protein 1 (STUB1), CLL-associated antigen KW-8, or Antigen NY-CO-7, is a multifunctional protein that functions both as a co-chaperone and an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. It couples protein folding and proteasome mediated degradation by interacting with heat shock proteins (e.g. HSC70) and ubiquitinating their misfolded client proteins, thereby targeting them for proteasomal degradation. It is also important for cellular differentiation and survival (or apoptosis), as well as susceptibility to stress. It targets a wide range of proteins, such as expanded ataxin-1, ataxin-3, huntingtin, and androgen receptor, which play roles in glucocorticoid response, tau degradation, and both p53 and cAMP signaling. CHIP contains an N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain responsible for protein-protein interaction, a highly charged middle coiled-coil (CC), and a C-terminal RING-like U-box domain acting as an ubiquitin ligase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1032300336 305 VPKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCPKTGQMLMDSRIVPNRALKNLI 368
Cdd:cd16654     1 VPDYLCCKISFELMRDPVITPSGITYERKDIEEHLQRVGHFDPITREPLTQDQLIPNLALKEAI 64

SPL-RING finger found in E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2 and similar proteins; NSE2, also known as MMS21 homolog (MMS21) or non-structural maintenance of chromosomes element 2 homolog (Non-SMC element 2 homolog, NSMCE2), is an autosumoylating small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase required for the response to DNA damage. It regulates sumoylation and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of skeletal and heart muscle-specific variant of the alpha subunit of nascent polypeptide associated complex (skNAC)-Smyd1 in myogenesis. It is also required for resisting extrinsically induced genotoxic stress. Moreover, NSE2 together with its partner proteins SMC6 and SMC5 form a tight subcomplex of the structural maintenance of chromosomes SMC5-6 complex, which includes another two subcomplexes, NSE1-NSE3-NSE4 and NSE5-NSE6. SMC6 and NSE3 are sumoylated in an NSE2-dependent manner, but SMC5 and NSE1 are not. NSE2-dependent E3 SUMO ligase activity is required for efficient DNA repair, but not for SMC5-6 complex stability. NSE2 contains a RING variant known as a Siz/PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription)-like RING (SPL-RING) finger that is likely shared by the SP-RING type SUMO E3 ligases, such as PIAS family proteins. The SPL-RING finger is a variant of the RING finger, which lacks the second, fifth, and sixth zinc-binding residues of the consensus C3H2C3-/C3HC4-type RING fingers. It harbors only one Zn binding site and is required for the sumoylating activity.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1032300336 309 FVCPISLDLMTDPVIIST-GQTYDRNSIARWIE--EGHCTCPKTG--QMLMDSRIVPNRALKNLI 368
Cdd:cd16651     1 LKCPITQQLMVDPVRNKKcGHTYEKAAILQYLQsrKKKAKCPVAGcrNTVSKSDLVPDPELKRRI 65

cellulose synthase-interactive protein; Provisional

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1032300336  403 ANKAtVSILIKYLADGSQAAQTVAAREIRLLAKTGKENRAYIAEAGAIPHLCRLLT--SENAIAQENSVTAMLNLSIYEK 480
Cdd:PLN03200   607 ANDA-LRTLIQLLSSSKEETQEKAASVLADIFSSRQDLCESLATDEIINPCIKLLTnnTEAVATQSARALAALSRSIKEN 685

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1032300336  481 NKSRIMEEGDCLESIVSVLVSglTVEAQENAAATLFSLSAVHEYKKRiAIVDQCVEALALLLQNGTPRGKKDAVTALYNL 560
Cdd:PLN03200   686 RKVSYAAEDAIKPLIKLAKSS--SIEVAEQAVCALANLLSDPEVAAE-ALAEDIILPLTRVLREGTLEGKRNAARALAQL 762

                   ...
gi 1032300336  561 STH 563
Cdd:PLN03200   763 LKH 765

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in RING finger protein 37 (RNF37); RNF37, also known as KIAA0860, U-box domain-containing protein 5 (UBOX5), UbcM4-interacting protein 5 (UIP5), or ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 7-interacting protein 5, is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase found exclusively in the nucleus as part of a nuclear dot-like structure. It interacts with the molecular chaperone VCP/p97 protein. RNF37 contains a U-box domain followed by a potential nuclear location signal (NLS), and a C-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger. The U-box domain is a modified RING finger domain that lacks the hallmark metal-chelating cysteines and histidines of the latter, but is likely to adopt a RING finger-like conformation. The presence of the U-box, but not of the RING finger, is required for the E3 activity. The U-box domain can directly interact with several E2 enzymes, including UbcM2, UbcM3, UbcM4, UbcH5, and UbcH8, suggesting a similar function as the RING finger in the ubiquitination pathway. This model corresponds to the U-box domain.

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1032300336 306 PKDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEE 341
Cdd:cd16660     1 PEEFLDPITCELMTLPVLLPSGKVVDQSTLEKYIKE 36

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing proteins, TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, and similar proteins; TRIM7, TRIM11 and TRIM27, closely related tripartite motif-containing proteins, belong to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a SPRY/B30.2 domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain. TRIM7, also known as glycogenin-interacting protein (GNIP) or RING finger protein 90 (RNF90), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates c-Jun/AP-1 activation by Ras signalling. Its phosphorylation and activation by MSK1 in response to direct activation by the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway can stimulate TRIM7 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in mediating Lys63-linked ubiquitination of the AP-1 coactivator RACO-1, leading to RACO-1 protein stabilization. Moreover, TRIM7 binds and activates glycogenin, the self-glucosylating initiator of glycogen biosynthesis. TRIM11, also known as protein BIA1, or RING finger protein 92 (RNF92), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the development of the central nervous system. It is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas and promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and glial tumor growth. TRIM11 acts as a potential therapeutic target for congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) by mediating the degradation of CCHS-associated polyalanine-expanded Phox2b. TRIM11 modulates the function of neurogenic transcription factor Pax6 through the ubiquitin-proteosome system, and thus plays an essential role for Pax6-dependent neurogenesis. It also binds to and destabilizes a key component of the activator-mediated cofactor complex (ARC105), humanin, a neuroprotective peptide against Alzheimer's disease-relevant insults, and further regulates ARC105 function in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling. Moreover, TRIM11 negatively regulates retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-mediated interferon-beta (IFNbeta) production and antiviral activity by targeting TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1). It may contribute to the endogenous restriction of retroviruses in cells. It enhances N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV) entry by interfering with Ref1 restriction. It also suppresses the early steps of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 transduction, resulting in decreased reverse transcripts. TRIM27, also known as RING finger protein 76 (RNF76), RET finger protein (RFP), or zinc finger protein RFP, is a nuclear E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is highly expressed in testis and in various tumor cell lines. Expression of TRIM27 is associated with prognosis of colon and endometrial cancers. TRIM27 was first identified as a fusion partner of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase. It functions as a transcriptional repressor and associates with several proteins involved in transcriptional activity, such as enhancer of polycomb 1 (Epc1), a member of the Polycomb group proteins, and Mi-2beta, a main component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, and the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (RB1). It also interacts with HDAC1, leading to downregulation of thioredoxin binding protein 2 (TBP-2), which inhibits the function of thioredoxin. Moreover, TRIM27 mediates Pax7-induced ubiquitination of MyoD in skeletal muscle atrophy. In addition, it inhibits muscle differentiation by modulating serum response factor (SRF) and Epc1. TRIM27 promotes a non-canonical polyubiquitination of PTEN, a lipid phosphatase that catalyzes PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3) to PtdIns(4,5)P2 (PIP2). It is an IKKepsilon-interacting protein that regulates IkappaB kinase (IKK) function and negatively regulates signaling involved in the antiviral response and inflammation. TRIM27 also forms a protein complex with MBD4 or MBD2 or MBD3, and thus plays an important role in the enhancement of transcriptional repression through MBD proteins in tumorigenesis, spermatogenesis, and embryogenesis. It is a component of an estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) regulatory complex that is involved in estrogen receptor-mediated transcription in MCF-7 cells.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1032300336 311 CPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIAR-WIE-EGHCTCPKTGQMLMDSRIVPNR 362
Cdd:cd16594     8 CPICLDYFTDPVTLDCGHSFCRACIARcWEEpETSASCPQCRETCPQRNLRPNR 61

Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeats; Approx. 40 amino acid repeat. Tandem repeats form superhelix of helices that is proposed to mediate interaction of beta-catenin with its ligands. Involved in transducing the Wingless/Wnt signal. In plakoglobin arm repeats bind alpha-catenin and N-cadherin.

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1032300336  439 ENRAYIAEAGAIPHLCRLLTSENAIAQENSVTAMLNLS 476
Cdd:smart00185   3 ENKQAVVDAGGLPALVELLKSEDEEVVKEAAWALSNLS 40

SP-RING finger and SPL-RING finger, variants of RING fingers; This family corresponds to a group of proteins with variants of RING fingers that are characterized by lacking the second, fifth, and sixth Zn2+ ion-coordinating residues compared with the classic C3H2C3-/C3HC4-type RING fingers. They include SP-RING finger found in the Siz/PIAS RING (SP-RING) family of SUMO E3 ligases and SPL-RING finger found in E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2. The SP-RING family includes PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT) proteins, Zmiz proteins, and Siz proteins from plants and fungi. The PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT) protein family modulates the activity of several transcription factors and acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in the sumoylation pathway. NSE2, also known as MMS21 homolog (MMS21) or non-structural maintenance of chromosomes element 2 homolog (Non-SMC element 2 homolog, NSMCE2), is an autosumoylating small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase required for the response to DNA damage. It regulates sumoylation and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of skeletal and heart muscle-specific variant of the alpha subunit of nascent polypeptide associated complex (skNAC)-Smyd1 in myogenesis. It is also required for resisting extrinsically induced genotoxic stress.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1032300336 309 FVCPISLDLMTDPVIIST-GQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCT--CP 347
Cdd:cd16452     1 LKCPITQKRMKDPVRGKHcGHCFDLEAILQYLKRRKKKwkCP 42

RING finger (Really Interesting New Gene) domain and U-box domain superfamily; The RING finger is a specialized type of Zn-finger of 40 to 60 residues that binds two atoms of zinc. It is defined by the "cross-brace" motif that chelates zinc atoms by eight amino acid residues, typically Cys or His, arranged in a characteristic spacing. Canonical RING motifs have been categorized into two major subclasses, RING-HC (C3HC4-type) and RING-H2 (C3H2C3-type), according to their Cys/His content. There are also many variants of RING fingers: some have different Cys/His patterns while some lack a single Cys or His residue at typical Zn ligand positions (the fourth or eighth zinc ligand is prevalently exchanged for an Asp, which can indeed chelate Zn in a RING finger as well). C4C4-, C3HC3D-, C2H2C4-, and C3HC5-type RING fingers are closely related to RING-HC fingers. In contrast, C4HC3- (RING-CH alias RINGv), C3H3C2-, C3H2C2D-, C3DHC3-, and C4HC2H-type RING fingers are more closely related to RING-H2 fingers. However, not all RING finger-containing proteins display regular RING finger features, and the RING finger family has turned out to be multifarious. The degenerate RING fingers of the Siz/PIAS RING (SP-RING) family proteins and sporulation protein RMD5, are characterized by lacking the second, fifth, and sixth Zn2+ ion-coordinating residues. They bind only one Zn2+ ion. On the other hand, the RING fingers of the human APC11 and RBX1 proteins can bind a third Zn atom since they harbor four additional Zn ligands. U-box is a modified form of the RING finger domain that lacks metal chelating Cys and His residues. It resembles the cross-brace RING structure consisting of three beta-sheets and a single alpha-helix, which would be stabilized by salt bridges instead of chelated metal ions. U-box proteins are widely distributed among eukaryotic organisms and show a higher prevalence in plants than in other organisms. RING finger/U-box-containing proteins are a group of diverse proteins with a variety of cellular functions, including oncogenesis, development, viral replication, signal transduction, the cell cycle and apoptosis. Many of them are ubiquitin-protein ligases (E3s) that serve as scaffolds for binding to ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s, also referred to as ubiquitin carrier proteins or UBCs) in close proximity to substrate proteins, which enable efficient transfer of ubiquitin from E2 to the substrates.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1032300336 311 CPISLDLMTD---PVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEGHCTCP 347
Cdd:cd00162     1 CPICREEMNDrrpVVLLSCGHTFSRSAIARWLEGSKQKCP 40

RING finger, HC subclass, found in tripartite motif-containing protein 62 (TRIM62) and similar proteins; TRIM62, also known as Ductal Epithelium Associated Ring Chromosome 1 (DEAR1), is a cytoplasmic E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that was identified as a dominant regulator of acinar morphogenesis in the mammary gland. It is implicated in the inflammatory response of immune cells by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway, leading to increased activity of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor in primary macrophages. It is also involved in muscular protein homeostasis, especially during inflammation-induced atrophy, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) by activating and maintaining inflammation in myocytes. Moreover, TRIM62 facilitates K27-linked poly-ubiquitination of CARD9 and also regulates CARD9-mediated anti-fungal immunity and intestinal inflammation. It also functions as a chromosome 1p35 tumor suppressor and negatively regulates transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta)-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by binding to and promoting the ubiquitination of SMAD3, a major effector of TGFbeta-mediated EMT. TRIM62 belongs to the C-IV subclass of the TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins that are defined by their N-terminal RBCC (RING, Bbox, and coiled coil) domains, including three consecutive zinc-binding domains, a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, Bbox1 and Bbox2, and a coiled coil region, as well as a B30.2/SPRY (SplA and ryanodine receptor) domain positioned C-terminal to the RBCC domain.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1032300336 307 KDFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIA-RWIEEGHCTCP 347
Cdd:cd16608     5 DELLCSICLSIYQDPVSLGCEHYFCRQCITeHWSRSEHRDCP 46

RING finger, HC subclass, found in bifunctional apoptosis regulator (BAR); BAR, also known as RING finger protein 47, was originally identified as an inhibitor of Bax-induced apoptosis. It participates in the block of apoptosis induced by TNF-family death receptors (extrinsic pathway) and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis (intrinsic pathway). BAR is predominantly expressed by neurons in the central nervous system and is involved in the regulation of neuronal survival. It is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with BI-1 protein and post-translationally regulates its stability, as well as functioning in ER stress. BAR contains an N-terminal C3HC4-type RING-HC finger, a SAM domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain. This model corresponds to the RING-HC finger responsible for the binding of ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (E2s).

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1032300336 308 DFVCPISLDLMTDPVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIEEG-HCTCP 347
Cdd:cd16497     1 EFLCHCCYDLLVNPTTLNCGHSFCRHCLALWWKSSkKTECP 41

U-box domain, a modified RING finger, found in erythroblast macrophage protein (Emp) and similar proteins; Emp, also known as cell proliferation-inducing gene 5 protein or macrophage erythroblast attacher (MAEA), is a key protein which functions in normal differentiation of erythroid cells and macrophages. It is a potential biomarker for hematopoietic evaluation of Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. Emp was initially identified as a heparin-binding protein involved in the association of erythroblasts with macrophages. It promotes erythroid proliferation and maturation. It also plays an important role in erythroblastic island formation. Absence of Emp leads to failure of erythroblast nuclear extrusion. It is required in definitive erythropoiesis and plays a cell intrinsic role in the erythroid lineage. Emp contains a Lissencephaly type-1-like homology (LisH) motif, a C-terminal to LisH (CTLH) domain, and a RING-like U-box domain at the C-terminus.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1032300336 309 FVCPISLDLMTD---PVIISTGQTYDRNSIARWIE--EGHCTCPKTGQ 351
Cdd:cd16659     3 LVCRITGEVMNEhnpPLALPNGYVYSEKALEEMAEknDGKVVCPRTGE 50