KRAB box; The KRAB domain (or Kruppel-associated box) is present in about a third of zinc finger proteins containing C2H2 fingers. The KRAB domain is found to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The KRAB domain is generally encoded by two exons. The regions coded by the two exons are known as KRAB-A and KRAB-B. The A box plays an important role in repression by binding to corepressors, while the B box is thought to enhance this repression brought about by the A box. KRAB-containing proteins are thought to have critical functions in cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and neoplastic transformation.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 46358076    14 VTFEDVAVKFTQEEWNLLSEAQRCLYRDVTLENLALMSSLG 54
Cdd:pfam01352   2 VTFEDVAVDFTQEEWALLDPAQRNLYRDVMLENYRNLVSLG 42

KRAB box; The KRAB domain (or Kruppel-associated box) is present in about a third of zinc finger proteins containing C2H2 fingers. The KRAB domain is found to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The KRAB domain is generally encoded by two exons. The regions coded by the two exons are known as KRAB-A and KRAB-B. The A box plays an important role in repression by binding to corepressors, while the B box is thought to enhance this repression brought about by the A box. KRAB-containing proteins are thought to have critical functions in cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and neoplastic transformation.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 46358076    14 VTFEDVAVKFTQEEWNLLSEAQRCLYRDVTLENLALMSSLG 54
Cdd:pfam01352   2 VTFEDVAVDFTQEEWALLDPAQRNLYRDVMLENYRNLVSLG 42

KRAB (Kruppel-associated box) domain -A box; The KRAB domain is a transcription repression module, found in a subgroup of the zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) of the C2H2 family, KRAB-ZFPs. KRAB-ZFPs comprise the largest group of transcriptional regulators in mammals, and are only found in tetrapods. These proteins have been shown to play important roles in cell differentiation and organ development, and in regulating viral replication and transcription. A KRAB domain may consist of an A-box, or of an A-box plus either a B-box, a divergent B-box (b), or a C-box. Only the A-box is included in this model. The A-box is needed for repression, the B- and C- boxes are not. KRAB-ZFPs have one or two KRAB domains at their amino-terminal end, and multiple C2H2 zinc finger motifs at their C-termini. Some KRAB-ZFPs also contain a SCAN domain which mediates homo- and hetero-oligomerization. The KRAB domain is a protein-protein interaction module which represses transcription through recruiting corepressors. A key mechanism appears to be the following: KRAB-AFPs tethered to DNA recruit, via their KRAB domain, the repressor KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1, also known as transcription intermediary factor 1 beta , KRAB-A interacting protein , and tripartite motif protein 28). The KAP1/ KRAB-AFP complex in turn recruits the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family, and other chromatin modulating proteins, leading to transcriptional repression through heterochromatin formation.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 46358076  14 VTFEDVAVKFTQEEWNLLSEAQRCLYRDVTLENLALMSSL 53
Cdd:cd07765   1 VTFEDVAVYFSQEEWELLDPAQRDLYRDVMLENYENLVSL 40

Zinc-finger double domain;

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 46358076   339 FRVHKRVHTGQKPYECSECGKSFA 362
Cdd:pfam13465   2 LKRHMRTHTGEKPYKCPECGKSFK 25

KRAB box; The KRAB domain (or Kruppel-associated box) is present in about a third of zinc finger proteins containing C2H2 fingers. The KRAB domain is found to be involved in protein-protein interactions. The KRAB domain is generally encoded by two exons. The regions coded by the two exons are known as KRAB-A and KRAB-B. The A box plays an important role in repression by binding to corepressors, while the B box is thought to enhance this repression brought about by the A box. KRAB-containing proteins are thought to have critical functions in cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and neoplastic transformation.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 46358076    14 VTFEDVAVKFTQEEWNLLSEAQRCLYRDVTLENLALMSSLG 54
Cdd:pfam01352   2 VTFEDVAVDFTQEEWALLDPAQRNLYRDVMLENYRNLVSLG 42

KRAB (Kruppel-associated box) domain -A box; The KRAB domain is a transcription repression module, found in a subgroup of the zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) of the C2H2 family, KRAB-ZFPs. KRAB-ZFPs comprise the largest group of transcriptional regulators in mammals, and are only found in tetrapods. These proteins have been shown to play important roles in cell differentiation and organ development, and in regulating viral replication and transcription. A KRAB domain may consist of an A-box, or of an A-box plus either a B-box, a divergent B-box (b), or a C-box. Only the A-box is included in this model. The A-box is needed for repression, the B- and C- boxes are not. KRAB-ZFPs have one or two KRAB domains at their amino-terminal end, and multiple C2H2 zinc finger motifs at their C-termini. Some KRAB-ZFPs also contain a SCAN domain which mediates homo- and hetero-oligomerization. The KRAB domain is a protein-protein interaction module which represses transcription through recruiting corepressors. A key mechanism appears to be the following: KRAB-AFPs tethered to DNA recruit, via their KRAB domain, the repressor KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1, also known as transcription intermediary factor 1 beta , KRAB-A interacting protein , and tripartite motif protein 28). The KAP1/ KRAB-AFP complex in turn recruits the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family, and other chromatin modulating proteins, leading to transcriptional repression through heterochromatin formation.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 46358076  14 VTFEDVAVKFTQEEWNLLSEAQRCLYRDVTLENLALMSSL 53
Cdd:cd07765   1 VTFEDVAVYFSQEEWELLDPAQRDLYRDVMLENYENLVSL 40

FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only];

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 46358076 162 LHVSGESSVFSESGKDFLLRSGLLQQEATHTGKSNSktecvSLFHGGKSH-YSCGGCMKHFSTKDILSQHER-------- 232
Cdd:COG5048 244 SPSSLSSSDSSSSASESPRSSLPTASSQSSSPNESD-----SSSEKGFSLpIKSKQCNISFSRSSPLTRHLRsvnhsges 318

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 46358076 233 LLPTEEPSVWCecGKSSSKYDSFSNHQGVHTREKPYTC--GICGKLFNSKSHLLVHQRIH-----TGEKPYECEV--CQK 303
Cdd:COG5048 319 LKPFSCPYSLC--GKLFSRNDALKRHILLHTSISPAKEklLNSSSKFSPLLNNEPPQSLQqykdlKNDKKSETLSnsCIR 396

                       170       180       190       200       210       220
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 46358076 304 FFRHKYHLIAHQRVHTGERPYEC--SDCGKSFTHSSTFRVHKRVHTGQKPYECSECGKSFA 362
Cdd:COG5048 397 NFKRDSNLSLHIITHLSFRPYNCknPPCSKSFNRHYNLIPHKKIHTNHAPLLCSILKSFRR 457

Zinc-finger double domain;

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....
gi 46358076   339 FRVHKRVHTGQKPYECSECGKSFA 362
Cdd:pfam13465   2 LKRHMRTHTGEKPYKCPECGKSFK 25

Zinc-finger double domain;

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 46358076   310 HLIAHQRVHTGERPYECSDCGKSFTH 335
Cdd:pfam13465   1 NLKRHMRTHTGEKPYKCPECGKSFKS 26

FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only];

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 46358076 349 QKPYECSECGKSFAESSSLTKHRRVHTGEKPYGCS--ECEKKFRQISSLRHHQRVH 402
Cdd:COG5048  31 PRPDSCPNCTDSFSRLEHLTRHIRSHTGEKPSQCSysGCDKSFSRPLELSRHLRTH 86

Zinc finger, C2H2 type; The C2H2 zinc finger is the classical zinc finger domain. The two conserved cysteines and histidines co-ordinate a zinc ion. The following pattern describes the zinc finger. #-X-C-X(1-5)-C-X3-#-X5-#-X2-H-X(3-6)-[H/C] Where X can be any amino acid, and numbers in brackets indicate the number of residues. The positions marked # are those that are important for the stable fold of the zinc finger. The final position can be either his or cys. The C2H2 zinc finger is composed of two short beta strands followed by an alpha helix. The amino terminal part of the helix binds the major groove in DNA binding zinc fingers. The accepted consensus binding sequence for Sp1 is usually defined by the asymmetric hexanucleotide core GGGCGG but this sequence does not include, among others, the GAG (=CTC) repeat that constitutes a high-affinity site for Sp1 binding to the wt1 promoter.

                          10        20
                  ....*....|....*....|...
gi 46358076   352 YECSECGKSFAESSSLTKHRRVH 374
Cdd:pfam00096   1 YKCPDCGKSFSRKSNLKRHLRTH 23