calponin homology (CH) domain superfamily; CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs, which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increase binding affinity). They either function as autonomous actin binding motifs or serve a regulatory function. CH domains are found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like spectrin, alpha-actinin, dystrophin, utrophin, and fimbrin, as well as proteins essential for regulation of cell shape (cortexillins), and signaling proteins (Vav).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  18 PFRSSEAYVEAMKEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGflTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEA---------ARALAAARPARGVAFQ 88
Cdd:cd21268    1 PFKSSEEYLYAMKEDLAEWLNTLYNLDITADNFF--EKLETGVLLCKHANNVTRAarefqaqhpERASPLKLPPREVIFY 78

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 308219512  89 AHSVVPGSFMARDNVATFIGWCRVELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVARRGARLGL 152
Cdd:cd21268   79 RPSAKPGSFQARDNVSNFINWCRQLLGIPEVLLFETDDLVLRKNEKNFVLCLLEVARRGAKFGM 142

calponin homology (CH) domain found in GAS2-like protein 1 (GAS2L1), GAS2L2, and similar proteins; This subfamily includes GAS2L1 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 22 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 1) and GAS2L2 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 17 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 2). They may be involved in the cross-linking of microtubules and microfilaments. Members of this subfamily contain a single copy of the CH domain at the N-terminus. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  18 PFRSSEAYVEAMKEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGflTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEA---------ARALAAARPARGVAFQ 88
Cdd:cd21268    1 PFKSSEEYLYAMKEDLAEWLNTLYNLDITADNFF--EKLETGVLLCKHANNVTRAarefqaqhpERASPLKLPPREVIFY 78

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 308219512  89 AHSVVPGSFMARDNVATFIGWCRVELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVARRGARLGL 152
Cdd:cd21268   79 RPSAKPGSFQARDNVSNFINWCRQLLGIPEVLLFETDDLVLRKNEKNFVLCLLEVARRGAKFGM 142

Growth-Arrest-Specific Protein 2 Domain; GROWTH-ARREST-SPECIFIC PROTEIN 2 Domain

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 308219512   206 RNLDELVREILGRCTCPDQFPMIKVSEGKYRVGDSSLLIFVRVLRSHVMVRVGGGWDTLEHYLDKHDPCRCSS 278
Cdd:smart00243   1 DKIDDEVKRIVEDCKCPTKFQVEKISEGKYRFGDSQILRLVRILRSTVMVRVGGGWETLDEYLLKHDPCRAKG 73

Calponin homology domain; Actin binding domains present in duplicate at the N-termini of spectrin-like proteins (including dystrophin, alpha-actinin). These domains cross-link actin filaments into bundles and networks. A calponin homology domain is predicted in yeasst Cdc24p.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512    31 EDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGFLTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEAARALAAARPArgvafqahsvvPGSFMARDNVATFIGWC 110
Cdd:smart00033   1 KTLLRWVNSLLAEYDKPPVTNFSSDLKDGVALCALLNSLSPGLVDKKKVAAS-----------LSRFKKIENINLALSFA 69

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 308219512   111 RvELGVPEVLmFETEDLVL-RKNEKSVVLCL 140
Cdd:smart00033  70 E-KLGGKVVL-FEPEDLVEgPKLILGVIWTL 98

calponin homology (CH) domain found in GAS2-like protein 1 (GAS2L1), GAS2L2, and similar proteins; This subfamily includes GAS2L1 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 22 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 1) and GAS2L2 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 17 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 2). They may be involved in the cross-linking of microtubules and microfilaments. Members of this subfamily contain a single copy of the CH domain at the N-terminus. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  18 PFRSSEAYVEAMKEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGflTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEA---------ARALAAARPARGVAFQ 88
Cdd:cd21268    1 PFKSSEEYLYAMKEDLAEWLNTLYNLDITADNFF--EKLETGVLLCKHANNVTRAarefqaqhpERASPLKLPPREVIFY 78

                         90       100       110       120       130       140
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 308219512  89 AHSVVPGSFMARDNVATFIGWCRVELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVARRGARLGL 152
Cdd:cd21268   79 RPSAKPGSFQARDNVSNFINWCRQLLGIPEVLLFETDDLVLRKNEKNFVLCLLEVARRGAKFGM 142

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the growth arrest-specific protein 2 family; The growth arrest-specific protein 2 (GAS-2) family includes GAS-2, and GAS-2 like proteins, GAS2L1-3. GAS-2 may play a role in apoptosis by acting as a cell death substrate for caspases. GAS2L1 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 22 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 1) and GAS2L2 (also called GAS2-related protein on chromosome 17 or growth arrest-specific protein 2-like 2) may be involved in the cross-linking of microtubules and microfilaments. GAS2L3, also called GAS2-like protein 3, is a cytoskeletal linker protein that may promote and stabilize the formation of the actin and microtubule network. Members of this family contain a single copy of the CH domain at the N-terminal region. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  23 EAYVEAMKEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGflTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEAARALAAARPARG-----VAFQAHSVVPGSF 97
Cdd:cd21204    1 EEALLPMKEDLAEWLNDLLGDDLTPDNFL--DELRNGVVLCQLAQKIQEAAEKAREAGKKNGpppsyKLKCNENAKPGSF 78

                         90       100       110       120       130
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 308219512  98 MARDNVATFIGWCRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVARRGARLG 151
Cdd:cd21204   79 FARDNVANFLRWCR-KLGVDEVLLFESEDLVLHKNPRQVLLCLLELARIAARYG 131

calponin homology (CH) domain found in growth arrest-specific protein 2; Growth arrest-specific protein 2 (GAS-2) may play a role in apoptosis by acting as a cell death substrate for caspases. It contains a single copy of the CH domain at the N-terminal region. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  23 EAYVEAMKEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGFLtgLATGTTLCQHANAVTEAARALAAARPARGVAFQAHSV-----VP-GS 96
Cdd:cd21267    2 EASLLPMKEDLALWLTNLLGKEITAESFMEK--LDNGALLCQLAETLQEKFKENSADANKPGKSLPVRKIpcranAPsGS 79

                         90       100       110       120       130
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 308219512  97 FMARDNVATFIGWCRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVARRGARLGL 152
Cdd:cd21267   80 FFARDNTANFLSWCR-DVGVGDTCLFESEGLVLHKQPREVCLCLLELGRIAARFGV 134

calponin homology (CH) domain superfamily; CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs, which may be present as a single copy or in tandem repeats (which increase binding affinity). They either function as autonomous actin binding motifs or serve a regulatory function. CH domains are found in cytoskeletal and signal transduction proteins, including actin-binding proteins like spectrin, alpha-actinin, dystrophin, utrophin, and fimbrin, as well as proteins essential for regulation of cell shape (cortexillins), and signaling proteins (Vav).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  30 KEDLAEWLNALYGLGLPGGGDGFLTGLATGTTLCQHANAVTEAARALAaarpargvafqaHSVVPGSFMARDNVATFIGW 109
Cdd:cd00014    1 EEELLKWINEVLGEELPVSITDLFESLRDGVLLCKLINKLSPGSIPKI------------NKKPKSPFKKRENINLFLNA 68

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 308219512 110 CRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVAR 145
Cdd:cd00014   69 CK-KLGLPELDLFEPEDLYEKGNLKKVLGTLWALAL 103

calponin homology (CH) domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae transgelin (SCP1) and similar proteins; The family includes transgelins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which are also called SCP1 and STG1, respectively. Transgelin, also called calponin homolog 1, has actin-binding and actin-bundling activity. It stabilizes actin filaments against disassembly. Transgelin contains a single copy of the CH domain. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 308219512  56 LATGTTLCQHANAVTEAAralaaarparGVAFQAhsvVPGSFMARDNVATFIGWCRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKS 135
Cdd:cd21210   26 LKDGVVLCKLANRILPAD----------IRKYKE---SKMPFVQMENISAFLNAAR-KLGVPENDLFQTVDLFERKNPAQ 91

                         90
                 ....*....|
gi 308219512 136 VVLCLLEVAR 145
Cdd:cd21210   92 VLQCLHALSR 101

calponin homology (CH) domain found in the IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein family; Members of the IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein (IQGAP) family are associated with the Ras GTP-binding protein and act as essential regulators of cytoskeletal function. There are three known IQGAP family members: IQGAP1, IQGAP2, and IQGAP3. They are multi-domain molecules having a calponin-homology (CH) domain which binds F-actin, IQGAP-specific repeats, a single WW domain, four IQ motifs that mediate interactions with calmodulin, and a RasGAP related domain that binds active Rho family GTPases. IQGAP1 negatively regulates Ras family GTPases by stimulating their intrinsic GTPase activity. It lacks GAP activity. Both IQGAP1 and IQGAP2 specifically bind to Cdc42 and Rac1, but not to RhoA. Despite similarities to part of the sequence of RasGAP, neither IQGAP1 nor IQGAP2 interacts with Ras. IQGAP3 regulates the organization of the cytoskeleton under the regulation of Rac1 and Cdc42 in neuronal cells. The depletion of IQGAP3 is shown to impair neurite or axon outgrowth in neuronal cells with disorganized cytoskeleton.

                         10        20        30        40
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 308219512  96 SFMARDNVATFIGWCRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCL 140
Cdd:cd21206   64 QFRHTDNINHFLRALK-KIGLPKIFHFETTDLYEKKNIPKVIYCL 107

calponin homology (CH) domain found in Drosophila melanogaster muscle-specific protein 20 (dMP20) and similar domains; This subfamily contains Drosophila melanogaster muscle-specific protein 20 (dMP20), Echinococcus granulosus myophilin, Dictyostelium discoideum Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor B (also called Trix), and similar proteins. dMP20 is present only in the synchronous muscles of D. melanogaster. It may be involved in the system linking the nerve impulse with the contraction or the relaxation process. Trix is involved in the regulation of the late steps of the endocytic pathway. dMP20 contains a single copy of the CH domain, while Trix (triple CH-domain array exchange factor) contains three, two type 3 CH domains which are included in this model, and one type 1 CH domain that is not included in this subfamily, but is part of the superfamily. CH domains are actin filament (F-actin) binding motifs.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 308219512  95 GSFMARDNVATFIGWCRvELGVPEVLMFETEDLVLRKNEKSVVLCLLEVAR 145
Cdd:cd21207   58 MAFKLMENIENFLTACK-GYGVPKTDLFQTVDLYEKKNIPQVTNCLFALGR 107